{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T01:09:25Z","timestamp":1780448965663,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-025-01955-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T03:54:48Z","timestamp":1743306888000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["FinSec: A Consortium Blockchain-Enabled Privacy-Preserving and Scalable Framework For Customer Data Protection In FinTech"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Akhilesh","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Preeti","family":"Chandrakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saru","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1955_CR1","unstructured":"Feyen N, Erik\u00a0HB, Harish S, Matthew (2022) FinTech and the Future of Finance. https:\/\/documents.worldbank.org\/en\/publication\/documents-reports\/documentdetail\/099450005162250110\/p17300600228b70070914b0b5edf26e2f9f Accessed 8 Sept 2024"},{"key":"1955_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Baliker C, Baza M, Alourani A, Alshehri A, Alshahrani H, Choo K-KR (2023) On the applications of blockchain in fintech: advancements and opportunities. IEEE Trans Eng Manage 71:6338\u20136355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEM.2022.3231057","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2022.3231057"},{"key":"1955_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chang V, Baudier P, Zhang H, Xu Q, Zhang J, Arami M (2020) How blockchain can impact financial services\u2013the overview, challenges and recommendations from expert interviewees. Technol Forecast Social Change 158:120166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.120166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.120166"},{"key":"1955_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gai K, Qiu M, Sun X (2018) A survey on fintech. J Netw Comput Appl 103:262\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnca.2017.10.011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2017.10.011"},{"key":"1955_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Karim S, Rabbani MR, Bawazir HS (2022) Applications of blockchain technology in the finance and banking industry beyond digital currencies. Blockchain Technol Comput Excel Society 5.0. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/978-1-7998-8382-1.ch011","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-8382-1.ch011"},{"key":"1955_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang M, Meng W, Zhou Y, Ren K (2024) Cschecker: Revisiting gdpr and ccpa compliance of cookie banners on the web. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering, pp 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3597503.3639159","DOI":"10.1145\/3597503.3639159"},{"key":"1955_CR7","unstructured":"Singapore local bank attack (2023). https:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/article\/singapore-wants-banks-and-telcos-to-bear-losses-if-found-negligent-in-phishing-scams\/ Accessed 10 Sept 2024"},{"key":"1955_CR8","unstructured":"Dave security incident (2020). https:\/\/www.bankingdive.com\/news\/dave-security-breach\/582426\/ Accessed 25 Aug 2024"},{"key":"1955_CR9","unstructured":"Experian lapse allowed ID theft service access to 200 million consumer records (2021). https:\/\/ago.vermont.gov\/sites\/ago\/files\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/2014-03-10-Krebs-Experian-Lapse-Allowed-ID-Theft-Service-Access-to-200-Million-Consumer-Records.pdf Accessed 9 Sept 2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"1955_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.3934\/mbe.2019091","volume":"16","author":"Y Ren","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ren Y, Leng Y, Cheng Y, Wang J (2019) Secure data storage based on blockchain and coding in edge computing. Math Biosci Eng 16(4):1874\u20131892. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3934\/mbe.2019091","journal-title":"Math Biosci Eng"},{"issue":"2","key":"1955_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-023-01613-7","volume":"17","author":"X Su","year":"2024","unstructured":"Su X, Wang S, Yu R (2024) A bibliometric analysis of blockchain development in industrial digital transformation using citespace. Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl 17(2):739\u2013755. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12083-023-01613-7","journal-title":"Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"1955_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-023-01652-8","volume":"10","author":"OP Kazachenok","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kazachenok OP, Stankevich GV, Chubaeva NN, Tyurina YG (2023) Economic and legal approaches to the humanization of fintech in the economy of artificial intelligence through the integration of blockchain into esg finance. Human Social Sci Commun 10(1):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/s41599-023-01652-8","journal-title":"Human Social Sci Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"1955_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29917-x","volume":"13","author":"Y Ren","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ren Y, Liu X, Sharma PK, Alfarraj O, Tolba A, Wang S, Wang J (2023) Data storage mechanism of industrial iot based on lrc sharding blockchain. Sci Report 13(1):2746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-29917-x","journal-title":"Sci Report"},{"issue":"6","key":"1955_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7389","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2022.3210216","volume":"19","author":"R Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li R, Qin Y, Wang C, Li M, Chu X (2023) A blockchain-enabled framework for enhancing scalability and security in iiot. IEEE Trans Indust Inf 19(6):7389\u20137400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TII.2022.3210216","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Indust Inf"},{"issue":"6","key":"1955_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2850","DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-023-01570-1","volume":"16","author":"R Han","year":"2023","unstructured":"Han R, Wang Y, Wan M, Yuan T, Sun G (2023) Fibpro: Peer-to-peer data management and sharing cloud storage system based on blockchain. Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl 16(6):2850\u20132864. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12083-023-01570-1","journal-title":"Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl"},{"key":"1955_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang H, Guo C, Cheng S (2019) Loc \u2014 a new financial loan management system based on smart contracts. Future Gener Comput Syst 100:648\u2013655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.future.2019.05.040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.05.040"},{"key":"1955_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vishwakarma L, Kumar A, Madugunda J, Das D (2024) Finblock: Secure and fast transaction confirmation with high throughput for fintech application. In: 2024 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), pp 01\u201306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/WCNC57260.2024.10571189","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC57260.2024.10571189"},{"issue":"4","key":"1955_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2020.2971865","volume":"67","author":"M Guerar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guerar M, Merlo A, Migliardi M, Palmieri F, Verderame L (2020) A fraud-resilient blockchain-based solution for invoice financing. IEEE Trans Eng Manage 67(4):1086\u20131098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TEM.2020.2971865","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Eng Manage"},{"issue":"4","key":"1955_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1007\/s11280-022-01106-2","volume":"26","author":"Y Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu Y, Tie G, Yu Y, Li J, Song J (2023) Ebss: A secure blockchain-based sharing scheme for real estate financial credentials. World Wide Web 26(4):1599\u20131624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11280-022-01106-2","journal-title":"World Wide Web"},{"issue":"1","key":"1955_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s40854-023-00469-3","volume":"9","author":"H Rjoub","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rjoub H, Adebayo TS, Kirikkaleli D (2023) Blockchain technology-based fintech banking sector involvement using adaptive neuro-fuzzy-based k-nearest neighbors algorithm. Financial Innov 9(1):65. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40854-023-00469-3","journal-title":"Financial Innov"},{"key":"1955_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Amponsah AA, Adekoya AF, Weyori BA (2022) Improving the financial security of national health insurance using cloud-based blockchain technology application. Int J Inf Manage Data Insights 2(1):100081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jjimei.2022.100081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjimei.2022.100081"},{"key":"1955_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ulusoy S, Bat\u0131o\u011flu A, Ovatman T (2019) Omni-script: Device independent user interface development for omni-channel fintech applications. Comput Stand Interfaces 64:106\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csi.2019.01.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csi.2019.01.003"},{"key":"1955_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Song Y, Sun C, Peng Y, Zeng Y, Sun B (2022) Research on multidimensional trust evaluation mechanism of fintech based on blockchain. IEEE Access 10:57025\u201357036. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3177275","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3177275"},{"issue":"1","key":"1955_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-022-04655-5","volume":"79","author":"D Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li D, Han D, Crespi N, Minerva R, Li K-C (2023) A blockchain-based secure storage and access control scheme for supply chain finance. The J Supercomput 79(1):109\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11227-022-04655-5","journal-title":"The J Supercomput"},{"key":"1955_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Farao A, Paparis G, Panda S, Panaousis E, Zarras A, Xenakis C (2023) Inchain: a cyber insurance architecture with smart contracts and self-sovereign identity on top of blockchain. Int J Inf Secur, 1\u201325 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10207-023-00741-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s10207-023-00741-8"},{"key":"1955_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2023.3331823","author":"W Jie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jie W, Qiu W, Koe ASV, Li J, Wang Y, Wu Y, Li J (2023) A secure and flexible blockchain-based offline payment protocol. IEEE Trans Comput. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TC.2023.3331823","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Comput"},{"key":"1955_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu C, Xu C, Zhao Q, Zhu J (2023) Research on financing strategy under the integration of green supply chain and blockchain technology. Comput Indust Eng 184:109598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2023.109598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2023.109598"},{"key":"1955_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jayabalan J, Jeyanthi N (2022) Scalable blockchain model using off-chain ipfs storage for healthcare data security and privacy. J Parallel Distrib Comput 164:152\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpdc.2022.03.009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2022.03.009"},{"key":"1955_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2024.3357115","author":"S Datta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Datta S, Namasudra S (2024) Blockchain-based smart contract model for securing healthcare transactions by using consumer electronics and mobile edge computing. IEEE Trans Consumer Electron. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TCE.2024.3357115","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Consumer Electron"},{"key":"1955_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sun Z, Han D, Li D, Weng T-H, Li K-C, Mei X (2023) Medrss: A blockchain-based scheme for secure storage and sharing of medical records. Comput Indust Eng 183:109521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2023.109521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2023.109521"},{"key":"1955_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fan Q, Chen J, Deborah LJ, Luo M (2021) A secure and efficient authentication and data sharing scheme for internet of things based on blockchain. J Syst Arch 117:102112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sysarc.2021.102112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2021.102112"},{"key":"1955_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nguyen DC, Pathirana PN, Ding M, Seneviratne A (2019) Blockchain for secure ehrs sharing of mobile cloud based e-health systems. IEEE access 7:66792\u201366806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2917555","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2917555"},{"key":"1955_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gaba P, Raw RS, Mohammed MA, Nedoma J, Martinek R (2022) Impact of block data components on the performance of blockchain-based vanet implemented on hyperledger fabric. IEEE Access 10:71003\u201371018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3188296","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3188296"},{"key":"1955_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fujisaki E, Okamoto T, Pointcheval D, Stern J (2001) Rsa-oaep is secure under the rsa assumption. In: Annual International Cryptology Conference, pp 260\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-44647-8_16","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-44647-8_16"},{"issue":"11","key":"1955_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5876","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2010.2070330","volume":"56","author":"A Boldyreva","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boldyreva A, Imai H, Kobara K (2010) How to strengthen the security of rsa-oaep. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 56(11):5876\u20135886. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TIT.2010.2070330","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Theory"}],"container-title":["Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12083-025-01955-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12083-025-01955-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12083-025-01955-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T02:32:57Z","timestamp":1746844377000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12083-025-01955-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1955"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12083-025-01955-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-6442","1936-6450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-6442","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-6450","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"All authors have given their consent for the publication of this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}],"article-number":"131"}}