{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T14:51:45Z","timestamp":1775919105184,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-025-02011-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T05:12:26Z","timestamp":1748409146000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dynamic sharding mechanism for vehicle networking to ensure load balancing and data reliability"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaopeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanfang","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yibo","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2011_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18043","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2024.3432553","volume":"73","author":"X Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang X, Chen X, Liu S, Zhong S (2024) Anonymous authentication and information sharing scheme based on blockchain and zero knowledge proof for vanets. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 73(12):18043\u201318058","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Veh Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2011_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3277691","volume":"11","author":"G Du","year":"2023","unstructured":"Du G, Cao Y, Li J, Zhuang Y, Chen X, Li Y, Chen J (2023) A blockchain-based trust-value management approach for secure information sharing in internet of vehicles. IEEE Internet Things J 11(1):333\u2013344","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"issue":"12","key":"2011_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2024.3505080","volume":"73","author":"L Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang L, Hang L, Zu K, Wang Y, Yang K (2024) Dynamic vehicle reputation consensus: enhancing iov communication with a blockchain algorithm. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 73(12):1\u201320","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Veh Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2011_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13828","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2024.3397818","volume":"73","author":"F Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao F, Yang B, Li C, Zhang C, Zhu L, Liang G (2024) Two-layer consensus based on master-slave consortium chain data sharing for internet of vehicles. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 73(9):13828\u201313838","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Veh Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2011_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.23919\/JCC.2023.03.006","volume":"20","author":"W Jiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang W, Chen M, Tao J (2023) Federated learning with blockchain for privacy-preserving data sharing in internet of vehicles. Chin Commun 20(3):69\u201385","journal-title":"Chin Commun"},{"issue":"9","key":"2011_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11644","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2023.3266100","volume":"72","author":"X Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu X, Li R, Wang L, Ning Y, Ota K (2023) A data sharing scheme based on federated learning in iov. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 72(9):11644\u201311656","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Veh Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2011_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9041","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2023.3269058","volume":"24","author":"B Jiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang B, He Q, Liu P, Maharjan S, Zhang Y (2023) Blockchain empowered secure video sharing with access control for vehicular edge computing. IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst 24(9):9041\u20139054","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"2011_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3131388","volume":"71","author":"S Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee S, Seo S-H (2022) Design of a two layered blockchain-based reputation system in vehicular networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 71(2):1209\u20131223","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Veh Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2011_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3579035","volume":"20","author":"J Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang J, Kong L, Wang J, Chen G, Gao J, Huang G, Khan MK (2024) Secure data sharing over vehicular networks based on multi-sharding blockchain. ACM Trans Sensor Netw 20(2):1\u201323","journal-title":"ACM Trans Sensor Netw"},{"issue":"3","key":"2011_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3015","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2024.3357770","volume":"11","author":"H Luo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Luo H, Sun G, Yu H, Lei B, Guizani M (2024) An energy-efficient wireless blockchain sharding scheme for pbft consensus. IEEE Trans Netw Sci Eng 11(3):3015\u20133027","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Sci Eng"},{"issue":"12","key":"2011_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3575","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2022.3213350","volume":"40","author":"Z Hong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hong Z, Guo S, Li P (2022) Scaling blockchain via layered sharding. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 40(12):3575\u20133588","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Areas Commun"},{"issue":"6","key":"2011_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics13061016","volume":"13","author":"H Han","year":"2024","unstructured":"Han H, Chen S, Xu Z, Dong X, Zeng J (2024) Trust management scheme of iov based on dynamic sharding blockchain. Electronics 13(6):1016","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"2011_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang H, Huang Z, Peng X, Zheng Z, Guo S (2021) Mvcom: scheduling most valuable committees for the large-scale sharded blockchain. In: 2021 IEEE 41st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS). pp 629\u2013639","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS51616.2021.00066"},{"issue":"9","key":"2011_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8547","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.2993030","volume":"7","author":"M Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu M, Feng G, Ren Y, Zhang X (2020) On cloud storage optimization of blockchain with a clustering-based genetic algorithm. IEEE Internet Things J 7(9):8547\u20138558","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"key":"2011_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang Z, Li M, Yang R, Yu FR, Zhang Y (2022) Blockchain sharding strategy for collaborative computing internet of things combining dynamic clustering and deep reinforcement learning. In: ICC 2022-IEEE international conference on communications. pp 2786\u20132791","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC45855.2022.9838570"},{"issue":"28","key":"2011_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67890","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3077650","volume":"9","author":"D Jia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jia D, Xin J, Wang Z, Wang G (2021) Optimized data storage method for sharding-based blockchain. IEEE Access 9(28):67890\u201367900","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2011_CR17","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"A Filippi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Filippi A, Moerman K, Martinez V, Turley A, Haran O, Toledano R (2017) Ieee802. 11p ahead of lte-v2v for safety applications. Autotalks NXP 1:1\u201319","journal-title":"Autotalks NXP"},{"issue":"4","key":"2011_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3451984","volume":"12","author":"Z Xia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xia Z, Wu J, Wu L, Chen Y, Yang J, Yu PS (2021) A comprehensive survey of the key technologies and challenges surrounding vehicular ad hoc networks. ACM Trans Intell Syst Tech 12(4):1\u201330","journal-title":"ACM Trans Intell Syst Tech"},{"key":"2011_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kokoris-Kogias E, Jovanovic P, Gasser L, Gailly N, Syta E, Ford B (2018) Omniledger: a secure, scale-out, decentralized ledger via sharding. In: 2018 IEEE symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). pp 583\u2013598","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2018.000-5"},{"key":"2011_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zamani M, Movahedi M, Raykova M (2018) Rapidchain: scaling blockchain via full sharding. In: Proceedings of the 2018 ACM SIGSAC conference on computer and communications security. pp 931\u2013948","DOI":"10.1145\/3243734.3243853"},{"issue":"1","key":"2011_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2024.3358784","volume":"74","author":"A Didouh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Didouh A, Lopez AB, Labiod H, El Hillali Y, Rivenq A, Al Faruque MA (2024) Tilechain: A blockchain-based framework for security service management for vehicular communications. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 74(1):1335\u20131351","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Veh Technol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2011_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5418","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3222217","volume":"10","author":"X Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang X, Li R, Zhao H (2022) A parallel consensus mechanism using pbft based on dag-lattice structure in the internet of vehicles. IEEE Internet Things J 10(6):5418\u20135433","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"key":"2011_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amiri MJ, Agrawal D, El\u00a0Abbadi A (2021) Sharper: Sharding permissioned blockchains over network clusters. In: Proceedings of the 2021 international conference on management of data. pp 76\u201388","DOI":"10.1145\/3448016.3452807"}],"container-title":["Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02011-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02011-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02011-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T15:22:48Z","timestamp":1758986568000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02011-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["2011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02011-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-6442","1936-6450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-6442","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-6450","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}],"article-number":"193"}}