{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T14:08:06Z","timestamp":1765807686302,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,6]],"date-time":"2019-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562371200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,6]],"date-time":"2019-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Earth Sci Inform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12145-019-00391-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]],"date-time":"2019-07-05T23:03:36Z","timestamp":1562367816000},"page":"447-464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Monitoring spatial pattern of land surface thermal characteristics and urban growth: A case study of King Williams using remote sensing and GIS"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yanga A.","family":"Willie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rajendran","family":"Pillay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5058-2799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Israel R.","family":"Orimoloye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"391_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5969","DOI":"10.3390\/rs5115969","volume":"5","author":"B Ahmed","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ahmed B, Kamruzzaman M, Zhu X, Rahman M, Choi K (2013) Simulating land cover changes and their impacts on land surface temperature in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Remote Sens 5(11):5969\u20135998","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"issue":"10","key":"391_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.3390\/rs4102957","volume":"4","author":"A As-syakur","year":"2012","unstructured":"As-syakur A, Adnyana I, Arthana IW, Nuarsa IW (2012) Enhanced built-up and bareness index (EBBI) for mapping built-up and bare land in an urban area. Remote Sens 4(10):2957\u20132970","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"391_CR3","unstructured":"Bassa, Z. (2013). An assessment of land cover change patterns using remote sensing: a case study of Dube and Esikhawini, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (Doctoral dissertation, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville)"},{"key":"391_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.habitatint.2019.04.005","volume":"90","author":"Emmanuel Tolulope Busayo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Busayo ET, Kalumba AM, Orimoloye IR (2019) Spatial planning and climate change adaptation assessment: perspectives from Mdantsane township dwellers in South Africa. Habitat Int:101978","journal-title":"Habitat International"},{"issue":"2","key":"391_CR5","first-page":"95","volume":"20","author":"G D'Amato","year":"2010","unstructured":"D'Amato G, Cecchi L, D'amato M, Liccardi G (2010) Urban air pollution and climate change as environmental risk factors of respiratory allergy: an update. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 20(2):95\u2013102","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"391_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2015.08.002","volume":"54","author":"N Debbage","year":"2015","unstructured":"Debbage N, Shepherd JM (2015) The urban heat island effect and city contiguity. Comput Environ Urban Syst 54:181\u2013194","journal-title":"Comput Environ Urban Syst"},{"key":"391_CR7","unstructured":"Donaldson, R. (2001). A model for south African urban development in the 21st century? SATC 2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"391_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-015-4818-4","volume":"75","author":"J Du","year":"2016","unstructured":"Du J, Zhao C, Shu J, Jiaerheng A, Yuan X, Yin J et al (2016) Spatiotemporal changes of vegetation on the Tibetan plateau and relationship to climatic variables during multiyear periods from 1982\u20132012. Environ Earth Sci 75(1):77","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"key":"391_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fall, S., Niyogi, D., Gluhovsky, A., Pielke Sr, R. A., Kalnay, E., & Rochon, G. (2010). Impacts of land use land cover on temperature trends over the continental United States: assessment using the north American regional reanalysis. Int J Climatol, 30(13), 1980\u20131993","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.1996"},{"issue":"1\u201310","key":"391_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2014.11.007","volume":"135","author":"G Guo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Guo G, Wu Z, Xiao R, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang X (2015) Impacts of urban biophysical composition on land surface temperature in urban heat island clusters. Landsc Urban Plan 135(1\u201310):1\u201310","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"391_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta, N., Mathew, A., & Khandelwal, S. (2018). Analysis of cooling effect of water bodies on land surface temperature in nearby region: a case study of Ahmedabad and Chandigarh cities in India. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrs.2018.03.007"},{"issue":"6826","key":"391_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/35066553","volume":"410","author":"JE Harries","year":"2001","unstructured":"Harries JE, Brindley HE, Sagoo PJ, Bantges RJ (2001) Increases in greenhouse forcing inferred from the outgoing longwave radiation spectra of the earth in 1970 and 1997. Nature 410(6826):355\u2013357","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"391_CR13","first-page":"87","volume":"21","author":"S Khandelwal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khandelwal S, Goyal R, Kaul N, Mathew A (2018) Assessment of land surface temperature variation due to change in elevation of area surrounding Jaipur, India. Egypt J Remote Sens Space Sci 21(1):87\u201394","journal-title":"Egypt J Remote Sens Space Sci"},{"key":"391_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuenzer C, Dech S (2013) Thermal infrared remote sensing. R Sensing Dig Image Pro 10(1007):978\u2013994","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-6639-6"},{"key":"391_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawrence DM, Slater AG, Tomas RA, Holland MM, Deser C (2008) Accelerated Arctic land warming and permafrost degradation during rapid sea ice loss. Geophys Res Lett 35(11)","DOI":"10.1029\/2008GL033985"},{"issue":"4","key":"391_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-011-1315-2","volume":"66","author":"ZC Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li ZC, Wei ZG, Wang C, Zheng ZY, Wei H, Liu H (2012) Simulation and improvement of common land model on the bare soil of loess plateau underlying surface. Environ Earth Sci 66(4):1091\u20131097","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"391_CR17","first-page":"487","volume":"2","author":"C Li-An","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li-An C, Billa L, Azari M (2018) Anthropocene climate and landscape change that increases flood disasters. Int J Hydro 2(4):487\u2013491","journal-title":"Int J Hydro"},{"key":"391_CR18","unstructured":"Lillesand T, Kiefer RW, Chipman J (2015)\u00a0Remote sensing and image interpretation. New York: John Wiley & Sons"},{"issue":"16","key":"391_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-016-5987-5","volume":"75","author":"Q Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu Q, Yang Z, Han F, Wang Z, Wang C (2016a) NDVI-based vegetation dynamics and their response to recent climate change: a case study in the Tianshan Mountains, China. Environ Earth Sci 75(16):1189","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"20","key":"391_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-016-6202-4","volume":"75","author":"G Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu G, Zhang Q, Li G, Doronzo DM (2016b) Response of land cover types to land surface temperature derived from Landsat-5 TM in Nanjing metropolitan region, China. Environ Earth Sci 75(20):1386","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"key":"391_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/268623","volume":"2013","author":"PK Mallupattu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mallupattu PK, Reddy S, Reddy J (2013) Analysis of land use\/land cover changes using remote sensing data and GIS at an urban area, Tirupati, India. Sci World J 2013:1\u20136","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"key":"391_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2017.10.062","volume":"159","author":"A Mathew","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mathew A, Khandelwal S, Kaul N (2018) Analysis of diurnal surface temperature variations for the assessment of surface urban heat island effect over Indian cities. Energ Buildings 159:271\u2013295","journal-title":"Energ Buildings"},{"key":"391_CR23","unstructured":"Monama TE (2016) Evaluating the urban heat island over the city of Tshwane metropolitan municipality using remote sensing techniques. Doctoral dissertation, University of Johannesburg"},{"issue":"16","key":"391_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-016-5952-3","volume":"75","author":"BR Nikam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nikam BR, Ibragimov F, Chouksey A, Garg V, Aggarwal SP (2016) Retrieval of land surface temperature from Landsat 8 TIRS for the command area of Mula irrigation project. Environ Earth Sci 75(16):1169","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"391_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180661","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.180661","volume":"5","author":"KO Ogunjobi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ogunjobi KO, Adamu Y, Akinsanola AA, Orimoloye IR (2018) Spatio-temporal analysis of land use dynamics and its potential indications on land surface temperature in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria. R Soc Open Sci 5(12):180661","journal-title":"R Soc Open Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"391_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-018-7252-6","volume":"77","author":"IR Orimoloye","year":"2018","unstructured":"Orimoloye IR, Mazinyo SP, Nel W, Kalumba AM (2018) Spatiotemporal monitoring of land surface temperature and estimated radiation using remote sensing: human health implications for East London, South Africa. Environ Earth Sci 77(3):77","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"key":"391_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2019.01.009","volume":"91","author":"IR Orimoloye","year":"2019","unstructured":"Orimoloye IR, Mazinyo SP, Kalumba AM, Ekundayo OY, Nel W (2019) Implications of climate variability and change on urban and human health: a review. Cities 91:213\u2013223","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"391_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2017.03.069","volume":"145","author":"M Palme","year":"2017","unstructured":"Palme M, Inostroza L, Villacreses G, Lobato-Cordero A, Carrasco C (2017) From urban climate to energy consumption. Enhancing building performance simulation by including the urban heat island effect. Energ Buildings 145:107\u2013120","journal-title":"Energ Buildings"},{"issue":"6","key":"391_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1002\/wcc.144","volume":"2","author":"RA Pielke Sr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pielke RA Sr, Pitman A, Niyogi D, Mahmood R, McAlpine C, Hossain F et al (2011) Land use\/land cover changes and climate: modeling analysis and observational evidence. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Clim Chang 2(6):828\u2013850","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Clim Chang"},{"issue":"9","key":"391_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10091488","volume":"10","author":"R Ravanelli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ravanelli R, Nascetti A, Cirigliano R, Di Rico C, Leuzzi G, Monti P, Crespi M (2018) Monitoring the impact of land cover change on surface urban Heat Island through Google earth engine: proposal of a global methodology, first applications and problems. Remote Sens 10(9):1488","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"issue":"17","key":"391_CR31","first-page":"6910","volume":"12","author":"OI Ropo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ropo OI, Perez MS, Werner N, Enoch TI (2017) Climate variability and heat stress index have increasing potential ill-health and environmental impacts in the East London, South Africa. Int J Appl Eng Res 12(17):6910\u20136918","journal-title":"Int J Appl Eng Res"},{"key":"391_CR32","unstructured":"SACN. (2015). Open data almanac for cities, Project completed by KPMG, Project Reference: 130:003 for \nwww.sacities.net"},{"issue":"7108","key":"391_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05095","volume":"443","author":"SI Seneviratne","year":"2006","unstructured":"Seneviratne SI, L\u00fcthi D, Litschi M, Sch\u00e4r C (2006) Land\u2013atmosphere coupling and climate change in Europe. Nature 443(7108):205\u2013209","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"13","key":"391_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.2036","volume":"30","author":"E Sertel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sertel E, Robock A, Ormeci C (2010) Impacts of land cover data quality on regional climate simulations. Int J Climatol 30(13):1942\u20131953","journal-title":"Int J Climatol"},{"key":"391_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2018.03.041","volume":"136","author":"JS Silva","year":"2018","unstructured":"Silva JS, da Silva RM, Santos CAG (2018) Spatiotemporal impact of land use\/land cover changes on urban heat islands: a case study of Pa\u00e7o do Lumiar, Brazil. Build Environ 136:279\u2013292","journal-title":"Build Environ"},{"issue":"6","key":"391_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-011-1145-2","volume":"65","author":"Q Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sun Q, Wu Z, Tan J (2012) The relationship between land surface temperature and land use\/land cover in Guangzhou, China. Environ Earth Sci 65(6):1687\u20131694","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"391_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10010112","volume":"10","author":"M Tarawally","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tarawally M, Xu W, Hou W, Mushore T (2018) Comparative analysis of responses of land surface temperature to long-term land use\/cover changes between a coastal and inland city: a case of Freetown and Bo town in Sierra Leone. Remote Sens 10(1):112","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"issue":"3","key":"391_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160304987","volume":"24","author":"Y Zha","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zha Y, Gao J, Ni S (2003) Use of normalized difference built-up index in automatically mapping urban areas from TM imagery. Int J Remote Sens 24(3):583\u2013594","journal-title":"Int J Remote Sens"},{"issue":"8","key":"391_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5439","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-5439-2017","volume":"17","author":"Shi Zhong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhong S, Qian Y, Zhao C, Leung R, Wang H, Yang B, Fan J, Yan H, Yang XQ, Liu D (2017) Urbanization-induced urban heat island and aerosol effects on climate extremes in the Yangtze River Delta region of China. Atmos Chem Phys 17(8):5439\u20135457","journal-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics"},{"key":"391_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.11.168","volume":"544","author":"D Zhou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhou D, Zhang L, Hao L, Sun G, Liu Y, Zhu C (2016) Spatiotemporal trends of urban heat island effect along the urban development intensity gradient in China. Sci Total Environ 544:617\u2013626","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"}],"container-title":["Earth Science Informatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12145-019-00391-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12145-019-00391-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12145-019-00391-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T23:14:27Z","timestamp":1593904467000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12145-019-00391-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,6]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["391"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12145-019-00391-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-0473","1865-0481"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1865-0473"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1865-0481"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 April 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"No competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical statement"}}]}}