{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T18:48:14Z","timestamp":1783709294108,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700265600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Thammasat University Research Unit in Data Science and Digital Transformation"},{"name":"Thammasat University Research Unit in Sciences and Innovative Technologies for Civil Engineering Infrastructures"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Earth Sci Inform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12145-023-01152-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T02:02:12Z","timestamp":1700272932000},"page":"4153-4168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Machine learning approaches for prediction of the bearing capacity of ring foundations on rock masses"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Divesh Ranjan","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pijush","family":"Samui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warit","family":"Wipulanusat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suraparb","family":"Keawsawasvong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kongtawan","family":"Sangjinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wittaya","family":"Jitchaijaroen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1152_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Azam A, Bardhan A, Kaloop MR, Samui P, Alanazi F, Alzara M, Yosri AM (2022) Modeling resilient modulus of subgrade soils using LSSVM optimized with swarm intelligence algorithms. Sci Rep 12(1):14454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-17429-z","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17429-z"},{"issue":"5","key":"1152_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrmge.2021.12.018","volume":"14","author":"A Bardhan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bardhan A, Kardani N, Alzo\u2019ubi AK, Roy B, Samui P, Gandomi AH, (2022) Novel integration of extreme learning machine and improved Harris hawks optimization with particle swarm optimization-based mutation for predicting soil consolidation parameter. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 14(5):1588\u20131608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jrmge.2021.12.018","journal-title":"J Rock Mech Geotech Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compgeo.2012.04.004","volume":"44","author":"S Benmebarek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Benmebarek S, Remadna MS, Benmebarek N, Belounar L (2012) Numerical evaluation of the bearing capacity factor n\u03b3\u2032 of ring footings. Comput Geotech 44:132\u2013138","journal-title":"Comput Geotech"},{"key":"1152_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s10706-016-0110-y","volume":"35","author":"S Benmebarek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Benmebarek S, Saifi I, Benmebarek N (2017) Undrained vertical bearing capacity factors for ring shallow footings. Geotech Geol Eng 35:355\u2013364","journal-title":"Geotech Geol Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compgeo.2015.07.015","volume":"70","author":"M Chakraborty","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chakraborty M, Kumar J (2015) Bearing capacity of circular footings over rock mass by using axisymmetric quasi lower bound finite element limit analysis. Comput Geotech 70:138\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compgeo.2015.07.015","journal-title":"Comput Geotech"},{"key":"1152_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1080\/19648189.2020.1757513","volume":"26","author":"O Chihi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chihi O, Saada Z (2022) Bearing capacity of strip footing on rock under inclined and eccentric load using the generalized hoek-Brown criterion. Eur J Environ Civ Eng 26:2258\u20132272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19648189.2020.1757513","journal-title":"Eur J Environ Civ Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.2275","volume":"75","author":"H Ciria","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ciria H, Peraire J, Bonet J (2008) Mesh adaptive computation of upper and lower bounds in limit analysis. Int J Numer Methods Eng 75:899\u2013944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nme.2275","journal-title":"Int J Numer Methods Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2012.08.004","volume":"57","author":"J Clausen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Clausen J (2013) Bearing capacity of circular footings on a hoek-Brown material. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 57:34\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2012.08.004","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci"},{"key":"1152_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Du D, Jia X, Hao C (2016) A new least squares support vector machines ensemble model for aero engine performance parameter chaotic prediction. Math Probl Eng 2016","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4615903"},{"key":"1152_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eberhart R, Kennedy J (1995) A New Optimizer Using Particle Swarm Theory. In Proceedings of the MHS\u201995. Proceedings of the sixth international symposium on micro machine and human science; IEEE; pp 39\u201343","DOI":"10.1109\/MHS.1995.494215"},{"key":"1152_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.3390\/en12010112","volume":"12","author":"T Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guo T, He W, Jiang Z, Chu X, Malekian R, Li Z (2018) An improved LSSVM model for intelligent prediction of the daily water level. Energies 12:112","journal-title":"Energies"},{"key":"1152_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2011.12.062","volume":"116","author":"F Han","year":"2013","unstructured":"Han F, Yao H-F, Ling Q-H (2013) An improved evolutionary extreme learning machine based on particle swarm optimization. Neurocomputing 116:87\u201393","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"1152_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.02.028","volume":"97","author":"AA Heidari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heidari AA, Mirjalili S, Faris H, Aljarah I, Mafarja M, Chen H (2019) Harris hawks optimization: algorithm and applications. Futur Gener Comput Syst 97:849\u2013872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.future.2019.02.028","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"1152_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1061\/ajgeb6.0001029","volume":"106","author":"E Hoek","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hoek E, Brown ET (1980) Empirical strength criterion for rock masses. J Geotech Eng Div ASCE 106:1013\u20131035. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/ajgeb6.0001029","journal-title":"J Geotech Eng Div ASCE"},{"key":"1152_CR15","first-page":"267","volume":"1","author":"E Hoek","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hoek E, Carranza-Torres C, Corkum B (2002) Hoek-Brown failure Criterion-2002 edition. Proc NARMS-Tac 1:267\u2013273","journal-title":"Proc NARMS-Tac"},{"issue":"985","key":"1152_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2004.1380068","volume":"2","author":"GB Huang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Huang GB, Zhu QY, Siew CK (2004) Extreme learning machine: a new learning scheme of feedforward neural networks. IEEE Int Conf Neural Networks - Conf Proc 2(985):990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IJCNN.2004.1380068","journal-title":"IEEE Int Conf Neural Networks - Conf Proc"},{"issue":"16","key":"1152_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3221","DOI":"10.3390\/app9163221","volume":"9","author":"MR Kaloop","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaloop MR, Kumar D, Samui P, Gabr AR, Hu JW, Jin X, Roy B (2019a) Particle swarm optimization algorithm-extreme learning machine (PSO-ELM) model for predicting resilient modulus of stabilized aggregate bases. Appl Sci 9(16):3221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app9163221","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"1152_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1007\/s11709-019-0562-2","volume":"13","author":"MR Kaloop","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaloop MR, Gabr AR, El-Badawy SM, Arisha A, Shwally S, Hu JW (2019b) Predicting resilient modulus of recycled concrete and clay masonry blends for pavement applications using soft computing techniques. Front Struct Civ Eng 13:1379\u20131392","journal-title":"Front Struct Civ Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/10916466.2016.1274758","volume":"35","author":"MN Kardani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kardani MN, Baghban A (2017) Utilization of LSSVM strategy to predict water content of sweet natural gas. Pet Sci Technol 35:761\u2013767","journal-title":"Pet Sci Technol"},{"key":"1152_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s40515-020-00133-8","volume":"8","author":"S Keawsawasvong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Keawsawasvong S, Thongchom C, Likitlersuang S (2021) Bearing capacity of strip footing on hoek-Brown rock mass subjected to eccentric and inclined loading. Transp Infrastruct Geotechnol 8:189\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40515-020-00133-8","journal-title":"Transp Infrastruct Geotechnol"},{"key":"1152_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4021253","DOI":"10.1061\/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0002229","volume":"22","author":"S Keawsawasvong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Keawsawasvong S, Shiau J, Ngamkhanong C, Qui Lai V, Thongchom C (2022) Undrained stability of ring foundations: axisymmetry, anisotropy, and nonhomogeneity. Int J Geomech 22:4021253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0002229","journal-title":"Int J Geomech"},{"key":"1152_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compgeo.2017.04.006","volume":"89","author":"A Keshavarz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Keshavarz A, Kumar J (2017) Bearing capacity computation for a Ring Foundation using the stress characteristics method. Comput Geotech 89:33\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compgeo.2017.04.006","journal-title":"Comput Geotech"},{"key":"1152_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1002\/nag.2754","volume":"42","author":"A Keshavarz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Keshavarz A, Kumar J (2018) Bearing capacity of foundations on rock mass using the method of characteristics. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 42:542\u2013557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nag.2754","journal-title":"Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech"},{"key":"1152_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khaleel F, Hameed MM, Khaleel D, AlOmar MK (2022) Applying an efficient ai approach for the prediction of bearing capacity of shallow foundations. In Proceedings of the Communications in Computer and Information Science; Springer, Vol. 1548 CCIS, pp 310\u2013323","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-97255-4_23"},{"key":"1152_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6015007","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001345","volume":"141","author":"J Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar J, Chakraborty M (2015) Bearing capacity factors for ring foundations. J Geotech Geoenvironmental Eng 141:6015007","journal-title":"J Geotech Geoenvironmental Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1139\/t05-051","volume":"42","author":"J Kumar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kumar J, Ghosh P (2005) Bearing capacity factor n\u03b3 for ring footings using the method of characteristics. Can Geotech J 42:1474\u20131484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/t05-051","journal-title":"Can Geotech J"},{"key":"1152_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s41062-020-00382-z","volume":"6","author":"M Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumar M, Samui P, Kumar D, Zhang W (2021) Reliability analysis of settlement of pile group. Innov Infrastruct Solut 6:1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41062-020-00382-z","journal-title":"Innov Infrastruct Solut"},{"key":"1152_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.12989\/gae.2022.31.2.129","volume":"31","author":"M Kumar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kumar M, Biswas R, Kumar DR, Pradeep T, Samui P (2022) Metaheuristic models for the prediction of bearing capacity of pile foundation. Geomech Eng 31:129\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12989\/gae.2022.31.2.129","journal-title":"Geomech Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.3390\/pr10051013","volume":"10","author":"M Kumar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kumar M, Kumar V, Biswas R, Samui P, Kaloop MR, Alzara M, Yosri AM (2022b) Hybrid ELM and MARS-based prediction model for bearing capacity of shallow foundation. Processes 10:1013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pr10051013","journal-title":"Processes"},{"key":"1152_CR30","first-page":"e02321","volume":"19","author":"M Kumar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumar M, Biswas R, Kumar DR, Samui P, Kaloop MR, Eldessouki M (2023a) Soft computing-based prediction models for compressive strength of concrete. Case Stud Constr Mater 19:e02321","journal-title":"Case Stud Constr Mater"},{"issue":"2","key":"1152_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s41939-023-00148-x","volume":"6","author":"DR Kumar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumar DR, Samui P, Burman A (2023b) Suitability assessment of the best liquefaction analysis procedure based on SPT data. Multiscale Multidiscip Model Exp Des 6(2):319\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41939-023-00148-x","journal-title":"Multiscale Multidiscip Model Exp Des"},{"key":"1152_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumar DR, Samui P, Wipulanusat W, Keawsawasvong S, Sangjinda K, Jitchaijaroen W (2023c) Bearing capacity of eccentrically loaded footings on rock masses using soft computing techniques. Eng Sci 24(929):929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30919\/es929","DOI":"10.30919\/es929"},{"key":"1152_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2023.117204","volume":"319","author":"R Kumar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumar R, Kumar A, Ranjan Kumar D (2023d) Buckling response of CNT based hybrid FG plates using finite element method and machine learning method. Compos Struct 319:117204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compstruct.2023.117204","journal-title":"Compos Struct"},{"issue":"6","key":"1152_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings13061371","volume":"13","author":"DR Kumar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumar DR, Samui P, Wipulanusat W, Keawsawasvong S, Sangjinda K, Jitchaijaroen W (2023e) Soft-computing techniques for predicting seismic bearing capacity of strip footings in slopes. Buildings 13(6):1371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/buildings13061371","journal-title":"Buildings"},{"key":"1152_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumar DR, Samui P, Wipulanusat W, Keawsawasvong S, Sangjinda K, Jitchaijaroen W (2023) Soft computing techniques for predicting penetration and uplift resistances of dual pipelines in cohesive soils. Eng Sci 24:897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30919\/es897","DOI":"10.30919\/es897"},{"key":"1152_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fbuil.2022.962331","volume":"8","author":"VQ Lai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lai VQ, Sangjinda K, Keawsawasvong S, Eskandarinejad A, Chauhan VB, Sae-Long W, Limkatanyu S (2022a) A machine learning regression approach for predicting the bearing capacity of a strip footing on rock mass under inclined and eccentric load. Front Built Environ 8:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbuil.2022.962331","journal-title":"Front Built Environ"},{"key":"1152_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3913","DOI":"10.1007\/s10706-022-02117-6","volume":"40","author":"VQ Lai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lai VQ, Shiau J, Keawsawasvong S, Tran DT (2022b) Bearing capacity of ring foundations on anisotropic and heterogenous clays: FEA, NGI-ADP, and MARS. Geotech Geol Eng 40:3913\u20133928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10706-022-02117-6","journal-title":"Geotech Geol Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compgeo.2016.01.021","volume":"75","author":"JK Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee JK, Jeong S, Lee S (2016a) Undrained bearing capacity factors for ring footings in heterogeneous soil. Comput Geotech 75:103\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compgeo.2016.01.021","journal-title":"Comput Geotech"},{"key":"1152_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2016.04.019","volume":"119","author":"JK Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee JK, Jeong S, Shang JQ (2016b) Undrained bearing capacity of ring foundations on two-layered clays. Ocean Eng 119:47\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2016.04.019","journal-title":"Ocean Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2006.02.001","volume":"43","author":"RS Merifield","year":"2006","unstructured":"Merifield RS, Lyamin AV, Sloan SW (2006) Limit analysis solutions for the bearing capacity of rock masses using the generalised hoek-Brown criterion. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 43:920\u2013937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2006.02.001","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci"},{"key":"1152_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10975","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-023-08278-6","volume":"35","author":"DK Nguyen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nguyen DK, Nguyen TP, Ngamkhanong C, Keawsawasvong S, Lai VQ (2023) Bearing capacity of ring footings in anisotropic clays: FELA and ANN. Neural Comput Appl 35:10975\u201310996. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-023-08278-6","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"1152_CR42","unstructured":"OptumG O (2020) Copenhagen, Denmark: Optum Computational Engineering. See https:\/\/optumce.com\/. Accessed, 1"},{"key":"1152_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Parimi A, Keawsawasvong S, Chavda JT (2022) Numerical evaluation of bearing capacity of strip footing on rockmass slope. Transp Infrastruct Geotechnol 1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40515-022-00255-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40515-022-00255-1"},{"key":"1152_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compgeo.2007.06.003","volume":"35","author":"Z Saada","year":"2008","unstructured":"Saada Z, Maghous S, Garnier D (2008) Bearing capacity of shallow foundations on rocks obeying a modified hoek-Brown failure criterion. Comput Geotech 35:144\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compgeo.2007.06.003","journal-title":"Comput Geotech"},{"key":"1152_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5160","DOI":"10.3390\/app10155160","volume":"10","author":"SS Sammen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sammen SS, Ghorbani MA, Malik A, Tikhamarine Y, AmirRahmani M, Al-Ansari N, Chau K-W (2020) Enhanced artificial neural network with Harris hawks optimization for predicting scour depth downstream of ski-jump spillway. Appl Sci 10:5160","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"1152_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serrano A, Olalla C (1994) Ultimate bearing capacity of rock masses. In Proceedings of the International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and; Elsevier, 31: 93\u2013106","DOI":"10.1016\/0148-9062(94)92799-5"},{"key":"1152_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0148-9062(97)00338-0","volume":"35","author":"A Serrano","year":"1998","unstructured":"Serrano A, Olalla C (1998a) Ultimate bearing capacity of an anisotropic discontinuous rock mass part II: determination procedure. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 35:325\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0148-9062(97)00338-0","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci"},{"key":"1152_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0148-9062(97)00337-9","volume":"35","author":"A Serrano","year":"1998","unstructured":"Serrano A, Olalla C (1998) Ultimate bearing capacity of an anisotropic discontinuous rock mass. part I: basic modes of failure. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 35:301\u2013324","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci"},{"key":"1152_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sharaf AM, Elgammal AAA (2018) Novel AI-based soft computing applications in motor drives. In: Power electronics handbook. Elsevier, pp 1261\u20131302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-811407-0.00042-8","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-811407-0.00042-8"},{"key":"1152_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1680\/geot.12.RL.001","volume":"63","author":"SW Sloan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sloan SW (2013) Geotechnical stability analysis. Geotechnique 63:531\u2013572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1680\/geot.12.RL.001","journal-title":"Geotechnique"},{"key":"1152_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018628609742","volume":"9","author":"JAK Suykens","year":"1999","unstructured":"Suykens JAK, Vandewalle J (1999) Least squares support vector machine classifiers. Neural Process Lett 9:293\u2013300","journal-title":"Neural Process Lett"},{"key":"1152_CR52","unstructured":"The MathWorks Inc. (2015a) MATLAB version: 8.5 (R2015a). The MathWorks Inc.,\u00a0Natick, Massachusetts. https:\/\/www.mathworks.com"},{"key":"1152_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/s20113335","volume":"20","author":"B Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang B, Shahzad M, Zhu X, Rehman KU, Uddin S (2020) A non-linear model predictive control based on Grey-wolf optimization using Least-Square support vector machine for product concentration control in l-lysine fermentation. Sensors (switzerland) 20:1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20113335","journal-title":"Sensors (switzerland)"},{"key":"1152_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10911","DOI":"10.3390\/app122110911","volume":"12","author":"B Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang B, Gong W, Wang Y, Li Z, Liu H (2022) Prediction of the yield strength of RC columns using a PSO-LSSVM model. Appl Sci 12:10911","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"1152_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson P, Mantooth HA (2013) Model-based engineering for complex electronic systems; Newnes; ISBN 012385086X","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385085-0.00001-4"},{"key":"1152_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4016041","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000607","volume":"31","author":"X Xue","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xue X (2017) Prediction of slope stability based on hybrid PSO and LSSVM. J Comput Civ Eng 31:4016041","journal-title":"J Comput Civ Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.3846\/jcem.2019.9875","volume":"25","author":"X Xue","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xue X, Chen X (2019) Determination of ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations using LSSVM algorithm. J Civ Eng Manag 25:451\u2013459","journal-title":"J Civ Eng Manag"},{"key":"1152_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1007\/s10706-022-02077-x","volume":"42","author":"X-L Yang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yang X-L, Yin J-H (2005) Upper bound solution for ultimate bearing capacity with a modified hoek-Brown failure criterion. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 42:550\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10706-022-02077-x","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci"},{"key":"1152_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s40891-021-00281-y","volume":"7","author":"W Yodsomjai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yodsomjai W, Keawsawasvong S, Lai VQ (2021) Limit analysis solutions for bearing capacity of ring foundations on rocks using hoek-Brown failure criterion. Int J Geosynth Gr Eng 7:29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40891-021-00281-y","journal-title":"Int J Geosynth Gr Eng"},{"key":"1152_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compgeo.2007.05.005","volume":"35","author":"L Zhao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhao L, Wang JH (2008) Vertical bearing capacity for ring footings. Comput Geotech 35:292\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compgeo.2007.05.005","journal-title":"Comput Geotech"}],"container-title":["Earth Science Informatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12145-023-01152-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12145-023-01152-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12145-023-01152-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T06:44:49Z","timestamp":1702017889000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12145-023-01152-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1152"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12145-023-01152-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-0473","1865-0481"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-0473","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-0481","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 September 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 November 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 November 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}