{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:34:15Z","timestamp":1772120055453,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Earth Sci Inform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12145-024-01568-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:28:46Z","timestamp":1734740926000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["FloPy for optimizing the structure of hydraulic-driven groundwater circulation wells"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhang","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhiguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Guowen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Sadam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1568_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3775","DOI":"10.13227\/j.hjkx.2014.10.019","volume":"35","author":"J Bai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bai J, Zhao YS, Sun C, Qin CY, Yu L (2014) Laboratory evaluation of remediation of nitrobenzene contaminated aquifer by using groundwater circulation well. Huanjing Kexue 35:3775\u20133781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13227\/j.hjkx.2014.10.019","journal-title":"Huanjing Kexue"},{"key":"1568_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1111\/gwat.12413","volume":"54","author":"M Bakker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bakker M, Post V, Langevin CD, Hughes JD, White JT, Starn JJ, Fienen MN (2016) Scripting MODFLOW model development using Python and FloPy. Ground Water 54:733\u2013739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gwat.12413","journal-title":"Ground Water"},{"key":"1568_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6592.2001.tb00631.x","volume":"21","author":"WJ Blanford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Blanford WJ, Barackrnan ML, Boing TB, Klingel EJ, Johnson GR, Brusseau ML (2010) Cyclodextrin-enhanced vertical flushing of a trichloroethene contaminated aquifer. Ground Water Monit Rem 21:58\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-6592.2001.tb00631.x","journal-title":"Ground Water Monit Rem"},{"key":"1568_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.2118\/2152-PA","volume":"21","author":"WA Burns","year":"1969","unstructured":"Burns WA (1969) New single-well test for determining vertical permeability. J Pet Technol 21:743\u2013752","journal-title":"J Pet Technol"},{"key":"1568_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116538","volume":"234","author":"P Ciampi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ciampi P, Esposito C, Bartsch E, Alesi EJ, Petrangeli Papini M (2023) Pump-and-treat (P&T) vs groundwater circulation wells (GCW): which approach delivers more sustainable and effective groundwater remediation. Environ Res 234:116538\u2013116538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116538","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"1568_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.3390\/w11071371","volume":"11","author":"P Ciampi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ciampi P, Esposito C, Papini MP (2019) Hydrogeochemical model supporting the remediation strategy of a highly contaminated industrial site. Water 11:1371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w11071371","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"1568_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02326.x","volume":"39","author":"OA Cirpka","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cirpka OA, Kitanidis PK (2001) Travel-time-based model of bioremediation using circulation wells. Ground Water 39:422\u2013432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02326.x","journal-title":"Ground Water"},{"key":"1568_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.3390\/w12123303","volume":"12","author":"M Diaz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Diaz M, Sinicyn G, Grodzka-Lukaszewska M (2020) Modelling of groundwater\u2013surface water interaction applying the hyporheic flux model. Water 12:3303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w12123303","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"1568_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6592.2004.tb00706.x","volume":"24","author":"AC Elmore","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elmore AC, DeAngelis L (2004) Modeling a ground water circulation well alternative. Groundwater Monit Rem 24:66\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-6592.2004.tb00706.x","journal-title":"Groundwater Monit Rem"},{"key":"1568_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1111\/gwat.12588","volume":"56","author":"A Feo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Feo A, Zanini A, Petrella E, Celico F (2018) A Python script to compute isochrones for MODFLOW. Ground Water 56:343\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gwat.12588","journal-title":"Ground Water"},{"key":"1568_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8963","DOI":"10.1021\/es050628f","volume":"39","author":"MN Goltz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goltz MN, Gandhi RK, Gorelick SM, Hopkins GD, Smith LH, Timmins BH, McCarty PL (2005) Field evaluation of in situ source reduction of trichloroethylene in groundwater using bioenhanced in-well vapor stripping. Environ Sci Technol 39:8963\u20138970. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es050628f","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"1568_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00616893","volume":"8","author":"H Gvirtzman","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gvirtzman H, Gorelick SM (1992) The concept of in-situ vapor stripping for removing VOCs from groundwater. Transp Porous Media 8:71\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00616893","journal-title":"Transp Porous Media"},{"key":"1568_CR13","first-page":"43","volume":"39","author":"JY Jin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jin JY, Jiang YN (2021) Groundwater simulation optimization model based on FloPy and NSGA-III. Water Resour Power 39:43\u201346","journal-title":"Water Resour Power"},{"key":"1568_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2007.02.003","volume":"93","author":"RL Johnson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Johnson RL, Simon MA (2007) Evaluation of groundwater flow patterns around a dual-screened groundwater circulation well. J Contam Hydrol 93:188\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2007.02.003","journal-title":"J Contam Hydrol"},{"key":"1568_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1029\/92WR01820","volume":"29","author":"ZJ Kabala","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kabala ZJ (1993) The dipole flow test: a new single-borehole test for aquifer characterization. Water Resour Res 29:99\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/92WR01820","journal-title":"Water Resour Res"},{"key":"1568_CR16","first-page":"17","volume":"19","author":"Y Kang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kang Y, Jiang Y, Zhenhui SU (2021) Multi-objective water resources simulation and optimization model for irrigation district based on NSGA III and FloPy. J Water Resour Archit Eng 19:17\u201323","journal-title":"J Water Resour Archit Eng"},{"key":"1568_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6592.1998.tb00620.x","volume":"18","author":"FS Lahkwala","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lahkwala FS, Mueller JG, Desrosiers RJ (1998) Demonstration of a microbiologically enhanced vertical ground water circulation well Technology at a Superfund Site. Groundwater Monit Rem 18:97\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-6592.1998.tb00620.x","journal-title":"Groundwater Monit Rem"},{"key":"1568_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10707","DOI":"10.3390\/app131910707","volume":"13","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Y, Wang W, Li J, Jiao Y, Li Y, Liu P (2023) A novel simulation\u2013optimization model built by FloPy: pollutant traceability in a chemical park in China. Appl Sci 13:10707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app131910707","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"1568_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Papini MP, Majone M, Arjmand F, Silvestri D, Sagliaschi M, Sucato S, Alesi E, Barstch E, Pierro L (2016) First pilot test on the integration of GCW (groundwater circulation well) with ENA (enhanced natural attenuation) for chlorinated solvents source remediation. 5th International Symposium on Industrial Biotechnology 49: 91\u201396. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3303\/CET1649016","DOI":"10.3303\/CET1649016"},{"key":"1568_CR20","first-page":"101765","volume":"9","author":"S Paul","year":"2022","unstructured":"Paul S, Waldron B, Jazaei F, Larsen D, Schoefernacker S (2022) Groundwater well optimization to minimize contaminant movement from a surficial shallow aquifer to a lower water supply aquifer using stochastic simulation-optimization modeling techniques: strategy formulation. Methods X 9:101765","journal-title":"Methods X"},{"key":"1568_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01562.x","volume":"30","author":"RD Philip","year":"1992","unstructured":"Philip RD, Walter GR (1992) Prediction of flow and hydraulic head fields for vertical circulation wells. Ground Water 30:765\u2013773. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01562.x","journal-title":"Ground Water"},{"key":"1568_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2014.10.003","volume":"171","author":"V Ponsin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ponsin V, Coulomb B, Guelorget Y, Maier J, H\u00f6hener P (2014) In situ biostimulation of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation by nitrate and phosphate injection using a dipole well configuration. J Contam Hydrol 171:22\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2014.10.003","journal-title":"J Contam Hydrol"},{"key":"1568_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(00)000838","volume":"44","author":"DJ Sutton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sutton DJ, Kabala ZJ, Schaad DE, Ruud NC (2000) The dipole-flow test with a tracer: a new single-borehole tracer test for aquifer characterization. J Contam Hydrol 44:71\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0169-7722(00)000838","journal-title":"J Contam Hydrol"},{"key":"1568_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2019.03.001","volume":"03","author":"F Tatti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tatti F, Papini MP, Torretta V, Mancini G, Boni MR, Viotti P (2019) Experimental and numerical evaluation of groundwater circulation wells as a remediation technology for persistent, low permeability contaminant source zones. J Contam Hydrol 03:89\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2019.03.001","journal-title":"J Contam Hydrol"},{"key":"1568_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2023.129260","volume":"618","author":"P Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang P, Li J, An P, Yan Z, Xu Y, Pu S (2023) Enhanced delivery of remedial reagents in low-permeability aquifers through coupling with groundwater circulation well. J Hydrol 618:129260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2023.129260","journal-title":"J Hydrol"},{"key":"1568_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.5004\/dwt.2019.24098","volume":"159","author":"Q Xia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xia Q, Zhang Q, Xu M, Tang YG, Teng HW (2019) Visualizing hydraulic zones of a vertical circulation well in presence of ambient flow. Desalin Water Treat 159:151\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5004\/dwt.2019.24098","journal-title":"Desalin Water Treat"},{"key":"1568_CR27","first-page":"1926","volume":"45","author":"Y Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang Y (2023) Application of Python software in simulation of reducing confined water level of foundation pit. Build Constr 45:1926\u20131929","journal-title":"Build Constr"},{"key":"1568_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhu Q, Wen Z, Zhan H, Yuan S (2020) Optimization strategies for in situ groundwater remediation by a vertical circulation well based on particle-racking and node-dependent finite difference methods. Water Resour Res 56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2020WR027396","DOI":"10.1029\/2020WR027396"},{"key":"1568_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1029\/95WR03813","volume":"32","author":"V Zlotnik","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zlotnik V, Ledder G (1996) Theory of dipole flow in uniform anisotropic aquifers. Water Resour Res 32:1119\u20131128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/95WR03813","journal-title":"Water Resour Res"},{"key":"1568_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02095.x","volume":"36","author":"VA Zlotnik","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zlotnik VA, Zurbuchen BR (1998) Dipole probe: design and field applications of a single-borehole device for measurements of vertical variations of hydraulic conductivity. Ground Water 36:884\u2013893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02095.x","journal-title":"Ground Water"}],"container-title":["Earth Science Informatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12145-024-01568-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12145-024-01568-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12145-024-01568-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T04:07:57Z","timestamp":1745640477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12145-024-01568-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12145-024-01568-0","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4755334\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1865-0473","1865-0481"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-0473","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-0481","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"94"}}