{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T17:07:29Z","timestamp":1779901649896,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Science and Technology (DST), New 16 Delhi, India","award":["DST\/INSPIRE\/03\/2019\/001407 and Reg. no.-IF190612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DST\/INSPIRE\/03\/2019\/001407 and Reg. no.-IF190612"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oper Res Int J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12351-025-01009-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T17:51:53Z","timestamp":1766080313000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Analysis of sustainable biomedical waste management in India through picture fuzzy goal programming approach"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2913-0314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anushree","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6709-836X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madhumangal","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1009_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2005.11.049","volume":"181","author":"O Ak\u00f6z","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ak\u00f6z O, Petrovic D (2007) A fuzzy goal programming method with imprecise goal hierarchy. Eur J Oper Res 181:1427\u20131433","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"1009_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2022.109681","volume":"130","author":"MS Aktar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aktar MS, De M, Mazumder SK, Maiti M (2022) Multi-objective green 4-dimensional transportation problems for damageable items through type-2 fuzzy random goal programming. Appl Soft Comput 130:109681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2022.109681","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"7","key":"1009_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5255","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-021-10020-4","volume":"54","author":"S Amanathulla","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amanathulla S, Bera B, Pal M (2021) Balanced picture fuzzy graph with application. Artif Intell Rev 54(7):5255\u20135281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10462-021-10020-4","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"1009_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(96)00009-7","volume":"86","author":"PP Angelov","year":"1997","unstructured":"Angelov PP (1997) Optimization in an intuitionistic fuzzy environment. Fuzzy Sets Syst 86:299\u2013306","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"1009_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-015-1644-2","volume":"20","author":"M Arenas-Parra","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arenas-Parra M, Bilbao-Terol A, Jim\u00e9nez M (2016) Standard goal programming with fuzzy hierarchies: a sequential approach. Soft Comput 20:2341\u20132352","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"1009_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(86)80034-3","volume":"20","author":"KT Atanassov","year":"1986","unstructured":"Atanassov KT (1986) Intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Fuzzy Sets Syst 20:87\u201396","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"1009_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.17.4.B141","volume":"17","author":"R Bellman","year":"1970","unstructured":"Bellman R, Zadeh L (1970) Decision making in a fuzzy environment. Manag Sci 17:141\u2013164","journal-title":"Manag Sci"},{"key":"1009_CR8","first-page":"10","volume":"4","author":"SK Bharati","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bharati SK, Singh SR (2014) Solving multi-objective linear programming problems using intuitionistic fuzzy optimization method: a comparative study. Int J Model Optim 4:10","journal-title":"Int J Model Optim"},{"key":"1009_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-05324-5","author":"A Bhattacharya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bhattacharya A, Pal M (2020) Vertex covering problems of fuzzy graphs and their application in CCTV installation. Neural Comput Appl. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-020-05324-5","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"1009_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-021-05670-z","author":"A Bhattacharya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bhattacharya A, Pal M (2021) Optimization in business strategy as a part of sustainable economic growth using clique covering of fuzzy graphs. Soft Comput. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00500-021-05670-z","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"1009_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12190-021-01539-4","author":"A Bhattacharya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bhattacharya A, Pal M (2021) Fuzzy covering problem of fuzzy graphs and its application to investigate the Indian economy in new normal. J Appl Math Comput. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12190-021-01539-4","journal-title":"J Appl Math Comput"},{"key":"1009_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15027","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-021-06136-x","volume":"33","author":"A Bhattacharya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bhattacharya A, Pal M (2021) Fifth sustainable development goal, gender equality in India: analysis by mathematics of uncertainty and covering of fuzzy graphs. Neural Comput Appl 33:15027\u201315057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-021-06136-x","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"1009_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bhattacharya A, Pal M (2022) Fuzzy tree covering number for fuzzy graphs with its real-life application in electricity distribution system. Sadhana, Indian Acad Sci 47:280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12046-022-01998-w","DOI":"10.1007\/s12046-022-01998-w"},{"key":"1009_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.3390\/math11132992","volume":"11","author":"A Bhattacharya","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bhattacharya A, Pal M (2023) A fuzzy graph theory approach to the facility location problem: a case study in the Indian banking system. Mathematics 11:2992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/math11132992","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"1009_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-014-1633-3","volume":"245","author":"A Bilbao-Terol","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bilbao-Terol A, Jim\u00e9nez M, Arenas-Parra M (2016) A group decision making model based on goal programming with fuzzy hierarchy: an application to regional forest planning. Ann Oper Res 245:137\u2013162","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"key":"1009_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.2016.33","volume":"67","author":"A Bilbao-Treol","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bilbao-Treol A, Arena-Parra M, Ca\u00f1al-Fern\u00e1ndez V, Jim\u00e9nez M (2016) A sequential goal programming model with fuzzy hierarchies to Sustainable and responsible portfolio selection problem. J Oper Res Soc 67:1259\u20131273","journal-title":"J Oper Res Soc"},{"key":"1009_CR17","unstructured":"Brunner CR, (1987) \u201cBiomedical Waste Incineration\" presented at the 80th Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control Association, New York, June 21-26, p 10"},{"key":"1009_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(00)00201-0","volume":"133","author":"LH Chen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chen LH, Tsai FC (2001) Fuzzy goal programming with different importance and priorities. Eur J Oper Res 133:548\u2013556","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"1009_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-011-9531-0","volume":"47","author":"HW Cheng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cheng HW (2013) A satisficing method for fuzzy goal programming problems with different importance and priorities. Qual Quant 47:485\u2013498","journal-title":"Qual Quant"},{"key":"1009_CR20","unstructured":"Cuong BC (2013) Picture fuzzy sets-first results. In: Seminar neuro-fuzzy systems with applications, Preprint 03\/2013. Institute of Mathematics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi-Vietnam"},{"key":"1009_CR21","unstructured":"Cuong BC (2013) Picture fuzzy sets-first results. Part 2, seminar neuro-fuzzy systems with applications. Tech rep, Instute of Mathematics, Hanoi"},{"issue":"4","key":"1009_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-020-09923-5","volume":"54","author":"S Das","year":"2021","unstructured":"Das S, Ghorai G, Pal M (2021) Certain competition graphs based on picture fuzzy environment with applications. Artif Intell Rev 54(4):3141\u20133171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10462-020-09923-5","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"1009_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.5899\/2015\/jfsva-00243","volume":"3","author":"S Dey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dey S, Roy TK (2015) Intuitionistic fuzzy goal programming technique for solving non-linear multi-objective structural problem. J Fuzzy Set Valued Anal 3:179\u2013193","journal-title":"J Fuzzy Set Valued Anal"},{"key":"1009_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6971","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2014.920115","volume":"52","author":"M D\u00edaz-Madro\u00f1ero","year":"2014","unstructured":"D\u00edaz-Madro\u00f1ero M, Mula J, Jim\u00e9nez M (2014) Fuzzy goal programming for material requirements planning under uncertainty and integrity conditions. Int J Prod Res 52:6971\u20136988","journal-title":"Int J Prod Res"},{"issue":"13","key":"1009_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-020-05021-4","volume":"24","author":"S Dogra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dogra S, Pal M (2020) Picture fuzzy matrix and its application. Soft Comput 24(13):9413\u20139428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00500-020-05021-4","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"1009_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.02.030","volume":"148","author":"JY Dong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dong JY, Wan SP (2018) A new trapezoidal fuzzy linear programming method considering the acceptance degree of fuzzy constraints violated. Knowledge-Based Syst 148:100\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.02.030","journal-title":"Knowledge-Based Syst"},{"key":"1009_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s10700-017-9280-1","volume":"17","author":"A Ebrahimnejad","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ebrahimnejad A, Verdegay JL (2017) A new approach for solving fully intuitionistic fuzzy transportation problems. Fuzzy Optim Decis Mak 17:447\u2013474","journal-title":"Fuzzy Optim Decis Mak"},{"key":"1009_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12091548","volume":"12","author":"ARA Ghaffar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ghaffar ARA, Hassan MG, Ashraf Z, Khan MF (2020) Fuzzy goal programming with an imprecise intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations. Symmetry 12:1548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym12091548","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"issue":"8","key":"1009_CR29","first-page":"21","volume":"4","author":"P Ghosh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ghosh P, Roy TK (2013) Goal geometric programming with crisp and imprecise targets. J Global Res Compu Sci 4(8):21\u201329","journal-title":"J Global Res Compu Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1009_CR30","first-page":"63","volume":"20","author":"P Ghosh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ghosh P, Roy TK (2014) Intuitionistic fuzzy goal geometric programming problem. Notes on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets 20(1):63\u201378","journal-title":"Notes on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets"},{"key":"1009_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120750","volume":"232","author":"ST Hassanpour","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hassanpour ST, Ke GY, Zhao J, Tulett DM (2023) A multi-stage decision framework for managing hazardous waste logistics with random release dates. Expert Syst Appl 232:120750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120750","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"1009_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3390\/sym11010075","volume":"11","author":"C Jana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jana C, Pal M (2019) Assessment of enterprise performance based on picture fuzzy hamacher aggregation operators. Symmetry 11(1):75. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym11010075","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"key":"1009_CR33","volume-title":"Picture fuzzy logic and its applications in decision making problems","author":"C Jana","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jana C, Pal M, Balas V, Yager RR (2023) Picture fuzzy logic and its applications in decision making problems. Elsevier, Academic Press, London"},{"key":"1009_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2018.10.021","volume":"74","author":"C Jana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jana C, Senapati T, Pal M, Yager RR (2019) Picture fuzzy Dombi aggregation operators: application to MADM process. Appl Soft Comput 74:99\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2018.10.021","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"1009_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2015.12.010","volume":"173","author":"RK Jana","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jana RK, Sharma DK, Chakroborty B (2016) A hybrid probabilistic fuzzy goal programming approach for agricultural decision-making. Int J Prod Econ 173:134\u2013141","journal-title":"Int J Prod Econ"},{"key":"1009_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.113266","volume":"148","author":"N Javid","year":"2020","unstructured":"Javid N, Khalili-Damghani K, Makui A, Abdi F (2020) Multi-objective flexibility-complexity trade-off problem in batch production systems using fuzzy goal programming. Expert Syst Appl 148:113266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.113266","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"Part A","key":"1009_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.121653","volume":"238","author":"A Kanchana","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kanchana A, Nagarajan D, Jacob K (2024) Neutrosophic multiplicative preference relations based on consensus analysis and additive consistency in group decision making: a goal programming approach. Expert Syst Appl 238(Part A):121653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.121653","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1009_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12060934","volume":"12","author":"MF Khan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khan MF, Hasan M, Quddoos A, F\u00fcgenschuh A, Hasan SS (2020) Goal programming models with linear and exponential fuzzy preference relations. Symmetry 12:934","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"key":"1009_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1007\/s13198-017-0575-y","volume":"8","author":"D Kour","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kour D, Mukherjee S, Basu K (2017) Solving intuitionistic fuzzy transportation problem using linear programming. Int J Syst Assur Eng Manag 8:1090\u20131101","journal-title":"Int J Syst Assur Eng Manag"},{"issue":"3","key":"1009_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(02)00100-8","volume":"132","author":"CC Lin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lin CC, Chen AP (2002) Generalization of Yang et al.\u2019s method for fuzzy programming with piecewise linear membership functions. Fuzzy Sets Syst 132(3):347\u2013352","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"1009_CR41","unstructured":"Locating and Estimating Air Toxic Emissions From Medical Waste Incinerators, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Rochester, New York, September, (1991)"},{"key":"1009_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahajan S, Gupta S, (2019) On fully intuitionistic fuzzy multi-objective transportation problems using different membership functions. Ann Oper Res, 1-31","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-019-03318-8"},{"key":"1009_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s42269-022-00847-4","volume":"46","author":"SS Manekar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Manekar SS, Bakal RL, Jawarkar RD, Charde MS (2022) Challenges and measures during management of mounting biomedical waste in COVID-19 pandemic: an Indian approach. Bull Natl Res Cent 46:159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s42269-022-00847-4","journal-title":"Bull Natl Res Cent"},{"issue":"8","key":"1009_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.3390\/v15081638.PMID:37631981","volume":"15","author":"V Marie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marie V, Gordon ML (2023) The (Re-) emergence and spread of viral zoonotic disease: a perfect storm of human ingenuity and stupidity. Viruses 15(8):1638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v15081638.PMID:37631981","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1009_CR45","first-page":"839","volume":"10","author":"TK Mondal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mondal TK, Samanta SK (2012) Generalised intuitionistic fuzzy sets. J fuzzy math 10:839\u2013861","journal-title":"J fuzzy math"},{"key":"1009_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.118490","volume":"211","author":"B\u00d6 Nalan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nalan B\u00d6, Bara\u00e7li H (2023) A binary fuzzy goal programming model with fuzzy parameters to select the fruits and vegetables market hall location for Istanbul. Expert Syst Appl 211:118490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.118490","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1009_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.122587","volume":"275","author":"S Narayanamoorthy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Narayanamoorthy S, Annapoorani V, Kang D, Baleanu D, Jeon J, Kureethara JV, Ramya L (2020) A novel assessment of bio-medical waste disposal methods using integrating weighting approach and hesitant fuzzy MOOSRA. J Clean Prod 275:122587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.122587","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"1009_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pal M, Jana C, Bhattacharya A, (2023) Fundamentals of fuzzy optimization and decision-making problems. chapter in book: fuzzy optimization, decision-making and operations research, Springer, Berlin https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-35668-1_1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-35668-1_1"},{"key":"1009_CR49","first-page":"40","volume":"8","author":"S Pramanik","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pramanik S, Roy TK (2008) Multi-objective transportation model with fuzzy parameters: priority based fuzzy goal programming approach. J Transp Syst Eng Inf Technol 8:40\u201348","journal-title":"J Transp Syst Eng Inf Technol"},{"key":"1009_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2021.115056","volume":"178","author":"S Rajendran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rajendran S (2021) Real-time dispatching of air taxis in metropolitan cities using a hybrid simulation goal programming algorithm. Expert Syst Appl 178:115056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2021.115056","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1009_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2016.08.048","volume":"65","author":"J Razmi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Razmi J, Jafarian E, Amin SH (2016) An intuitionistic fuzzy goal programming approach for finding pareto-optimal solutions to multi-objective programming problems. Expert Syst Appl 65:181\u2013193","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1009_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(02)00793-2","volume":"153","author":"C Romero","year":"2003","unstructured":"Romero C (2003) A general structure of achievement function for a goal programming model. Eur J Oper Res 153:675\u2013686","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"1009_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12046-017-0777-7","volume":"43","author":"SK Roy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roy SK, Ebrahimnejad A, Verdegay JL, Das S (2018) New approach for solving intuitionistic fuzzy multi-objective transportation problem. Sadhana 43:3","journal-title":"Sadhana"},{"issue":"9","key":"1009_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04965","volume":"6","author":"T Rume","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rume T, Islam SMD-U (2020) Environmental effects of COVID-19 pandemic and potential strategies of sustainability. Heliyon 6(9):e04965. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04965","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"1009_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120082","volume":"226","author":"MR Seikh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Seikh MR, Mandal U (2023) Interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy Dombi aggregation operators and SWARA based PROMETHEE II method to bio-medical waste management. Expert Syst Appl 226:120082. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120082","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1009_CR56","first-page":"183","volume":"9","author":"MR Seikh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seikh MR, Nayak PK, Pal M (2015) Application of intuitionistic fuzzy mathematical programming with exponential membership and quadratic non-membership functions in matrix games. Ann Fuzzy Mmath Inform 9:183\u2013195","journal-title":"Ann Fuzzy Mmath Inform"},{"key":"1009_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106371","volume":"93","author":"KH Selcuk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Selcuk KH, Yalcin AS (2020) Modified two-phase fuzzy goal programming integrated with IF-TOPSIS for green supplier selection. Appl Soft Comput 93:106371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106371","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"1009_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shefali (2023) Generation, types and impacts of biomedical waste during COVID-19: Indian context. Environ Anal Health Toxio 38(4):2023019","DOI":"10.5620\/eaht.2023019"},{"key":"1009_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-017-2551-y","volume":"269","author":"S Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh S, Yadav S (2017) Intuitionistic fuzzy multi-objective linear programming problem with various membership functions. Ann Oper Res 269:693\u2013707","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"key":"1009_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-024-05735-2","volume":"6","author":"HKYT Singh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Singh HKYT, Mishra A et al (2024) Harnessing the foundation of biomedical waste management for fostering public health: strategies and policies for an clean and safer environment. Discov Appl Sci 6:89","journal-title":"Discov Appl Sci"},{"key":"1009_CR61","unstructured":"Some Key Messages on National Health Insurance (NHI), (2020) Accessed 4 Jul 2023. https:\/\/www.health.gov.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/some-key-messages-on-nhi.pdf"},{"key":"1009_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(87)90111-4","volume":"24","author":"R Tiwari","year":"1987","unstructured":"Tiwari R, Dharmar S, Rao J (1987) Fuzzy goal programming- an additive model. Fuzzy Sets and Syst 24:27\u201334","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets and Syst"},{"key":"1009_CR63","unstructured":"WHO\/UNICEF (2024) Data update on WASH in health care facilities for 2023. World Health Organization, Geneva. https:\/\/washdata.org\/reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"1009_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(91)90156-K","volume":"41","author":"T Yang","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yang T, Ignizio JP, Kim HJ (1991) Fuzzy programming with non-linear membership functions: poecewise linear approximation. Fuzzy Sets Syst 41(1):39\u201353","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"1009_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.119618","volume":"218","author":"I Yilmaz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yilmaz I, Polat L (2023) Celiac disease multi-purpose diet plan through integrated goal programming and interval type 2 fuzzy TOPSIS method. Expert Syst Appl 218:119618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.119618","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1009_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2016.10.063","volume":"72","author":"X Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao X, Zheng Y, Wan Z (2017) Interactive intuitionistic fuzzy methods for multilevel programming problems. Expert Syst Appl 72:258\u2013268","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1009_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.03.015","volume":"354","author":"H Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang H (2016) A goal programming model of obtaining the priority weights from an interval preference relation. Inf Sci 354:197\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ins.2016.03.015","journal-title":"Inf Sci"}],"container-title":["Operational Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12351-025-01009-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12351-025-01009-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12351-025-01009-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T04:54:22Z","timestamp":1773377662000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12351-025-01009-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12351-025-01009-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1109-2858","1866-1505"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1109-2858","type":"print"},{"value":"1866-1505","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 November 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Both authors have stated that they have no Conflict of interest in this work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All the co-authors, the institute and the responsible authorities have given their consent for submitting this work.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"There is no harm is happened to any animal or any human being by the work of this article according to all authors.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"15"}}