{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T14:35:48Z","timestamp":1785508548568,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":155,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Electron Markets"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-020-00411-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T18:03:06Z","timestamp":1585332186000},"page":"343-364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":330,"title":["How perceptions of intelligence and anthropomorphism affect adoption of personal intelligent agents"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3818-3183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Moussawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marios","family":"Koufaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Benbunan-Fich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"411_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.2307\/3250951","volume":"24","author":"R Agarwal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Agarwal, R., & Karahanna, E. (2000). Time flies when you're having fun: Cognitive absorption and beliefs about information technology usage. MIS Quarterly, 24, 665\u2013694.","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.9.2.204","volume":"9","author":"R Agarwal","year":"1998","unstructured":"Agarwal, R., & Prasad, J. (1998). A conceptual and operational definition of personal innovativeness in the domain of information technology. Information Systems Research, 9(2), 204\u2013215.","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"key":"411_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.03.051","volume":"85","author":"T Araujo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Araujo, T. (2018). Living up to the chatbot hype: The influence of anthropomorphic design cues and communicative agency framing on conversational agent and company perceptions. Computers in Human Behavior, 85, 183\u2013189.","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-008-0001-3","volume":"1","author":"C Bartneck","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bartneck, C., Kuli\u0107, D., Croft, E., & Zoghbi, S. (2009). Measurement instruments for the anthropomorphism, animacy, likeability, perceived intelligence, and perceived safety of robots. International Journal of Social Robotics, 1(1), 71\u201381.","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Robotics"},{"key":"411_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bartneck, C., Verbunt, M., Mubin, O., & Al Mahmud, A. (2007). To kill a mockingbird robot. Paper presented at the human-robot interaction (HRI), 2007 2nd ACM\/IEEE international conference.","DOI":"10.1145\/1228716.1228728"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00126","volume":"8","author":"I Benbasat","year":"2007","unstructured":"Benbasat, I., & Barki, H. (2007). Quo vadis TAM? Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 8(4), 7.","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benbasat, I., & Zmud, R. W. (2003). The identity crisis within the IS discipline: Defining and communicating the discipline's core properties. MIS Quarterly, 183\u2013194.","DOI":"10.2307\/30036527"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2002.11045715","volume":"19","author":"A Bhattacherjee","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bhattacherjee, A. (2002). Individual trust in online firms: Scale development and initial test. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(1), 211\u2013241.","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bos, N., Olson, J., Gergle, D., Olson, G., & Wright, Z. (2002). Effects of four computer-mediated communications channels on trust development. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems.","DOI":"10.1145\/503376.503401"},{"key":"411_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown, S. A., & Venkatesh, V. (2005). Model of adoption of technology in households: A baseline model test and extension incorporating household life cycle. MIS Quarterly, 399\u2013426.","DOI":"10.2307\/25148690"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/01972240600791333","volume":"22","author":"SA Brown","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brown, S. A., Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2006). Household technology use: Integrating household life cycle and the model of adoption of technology in households. The Information Society, 22(4), 205\u2013218.","journal-title":"The Information Society"},{"key":"411_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cenfetelli, R. T., & Bassellier, G. (2009). Interpretation of formative measurement in information systems research. MIS quarterly, 689\u2013707.","DOI":"10.2307\/20650323"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcps.2009.12.008","volume":"20","author":"J Chandler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chandler, J., & Schwarz, N. (2010). Use does not wear ragged the fabric of friendship: Thinking of objects as alive makes people less willing to replace them. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 20(2), 138\u2013145.","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2012.01.015","volume":"53","author":"CM Cheung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cheung, C. M., & Lee, M. K. (2012). What drives consumers to spread electronic word of mouth in online consumer-opinion platforms. Decision Support Systems, 53(1), 218\u2013225.","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4359(01)00056-2","volume":"77","author":"TL Childers","year":"2001","unstructured":"Childers, T. L., Carr, C. L., Peck, J., & Carson, S. (2001). Hedonic and utilitarian motivations for online retail shopping behavior. Journal of Retailing, 77(4), 511\u2013535.","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing"},{"key":"411_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chin, W. W. (2010). Bootstrap cross-validation indices for PLS path model assessment handbook of partial least squares (pp. 83\u201397). Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-32827-8_4"},{"key":"411_CR17","unstructured":"Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Incorporated, US."},{"key":"411_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chismar, W. G., and Wiley-Patton, S. 2003. \u201cDoes the Extended Technology Acceptance Model Apply to Physicians,\u201d System Sciences, 2003. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on: IEEE, p. 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/HICSS.2003.1174354.","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2003.1174354"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1177\/0092070306286934","volume":"34","author":"JS Chiou","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chiou, J. S., & Droge, C. (2006). Service quality, trust, specific asset investment, and expertise: Direct and indirect effects in a satisfaction-loyalty framework. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 34(4), 613\u2013627.","journal-title":"Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science"},{"key":"411_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2018.01.055","volume":"92","author":"L Ciechanowski","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ciechanowski, L., Przegalinska, A., Magnuski, M., & Gloor, P. (2019). In the shades of the uncanny valley: An experimental study of human\u2013chatbot interaction. Future Generation Computer Systems, 92, 539\u2013548.","journal-title":"Future Generation Computer Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.7.3.309","volume":"7","author":"LA Clark","year":"1995","unstructured":"Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1995). Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychological Assessment, 7(3), 309.","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-03-2014-0055","volume":"28","author":"M Cocosila","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cocosila, M., & Igonor, A. (2015). How important is the \u201csocial\u201d in social networking? A perceived value empirical investigation. Information Technology & People, 28(2), 366\u2013382.","journal-title":"Information Technology & People"},{"key":"411_CR23","unstructured":"Collins, K. (2018). Alexa vs. Siri vs. Google: Which can carry on a conversation best? Retrieved from https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2018\/08\/17\/technology\/alexa-siri-conversation.html"},{"key":"411_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 319\u2013340.","DOI":"10.2307\/249008"},{"issue":"8","key":"411_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.35.8.982","volume":"35","author":"FD Davis","year":"1989","unstructured":"Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35(8), 982\u20131003.","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"key":"411_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dellermann, D., Ebel, P., S\u00f6llner, M., & Leimeister, J. M. (2019). Hybrid intelligence. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-019-00595-2"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.92.4.1131","volume":"92","author":"DN Den Hartog","year":"2007","unstructured":"Den Hartog, D. N., De Hoogh, A. H., & Keegan, A. E. (2007). The interactive effects of belongingness and charisma on helping and compliance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(4), 1131.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ejis.3000726","volume":"17","author":"A Dickinger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dickinger, A., Arami, M., & Meyer, D. (2008). The role of perceived enjoyment and social norm in the adoption of technology with network externalities. European Journal of Information Systems, 17(1), 4\u201311.","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Druga, S., Williams, R., Breazeal, C., & Resnick, M. (2017). Hey Google is it OK if I eat you?: Initial explorations in child-agent interaction. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2017 conference on interaction design and children.","DOI":"10.1145\/3078072.3084330"},{"key":"411_CR30","volume-title":"Perceived service quality and customer trust: Does enhancing customers\u2019 service knowledge matter?","author":"AB Eisingerich","year":"2007","unstructured":"Eisingerich, A. B., & Bell, S. J. (2007). Perceived service quality and customer trust: Does enhancing customers\u2019 service knowledge matter? Journal of service research."},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.114.4.864","volume":"114","author":"N Epley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Epley, N., Waytz, A., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2007). On seeing human: A three-factor theory of anthropomorphism. Psychological Review, 114(4), 864\u2013886.","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1609\/aimag.v31i3.2303","volume":"31","author":"D Ferrucci","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ferrucci, D., Brown, E., Chu-Carroll, J., Fan, J., Gondek, D., Kalyanpur, A. A., et al. (2010). Building Watson: An overview of the DeepQA project. AI Magazine, 31(3), 59\u201379.","journal-title":"AI Magazine"},{"key":"411_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 382\u2013388.","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800313"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2307\/30036519","volume":"27","author":"D Gefen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gefen, D., Karahanna, E., & Straub, D. W. (2003). Trust and TAM in online shopping: An integrated model. MIS Quarterly, 27(1), 51\u201390.","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2979\/esj.2003.2.2.7","volume":"2","author":"D Gefen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gefen, D., & Straub, D. W. (2003). Managing user trust in B2C e-services. E-service Journal, 2(2), 7\u201324.","journal-title":"E-service Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1057\/ejis.2012.25","volume":"22","author":"JE Gerow","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gerow, J. E., Ayyagari, R., Thatcher, J. B., & Roth, P. L. (2013). Can we have fun@ work? The role of intrinsic motivation for utilitarian systems. European Journal of Information Systems, 22(3), 360\u2013380.","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR37","unstructured":"Gnewuch, U., Morana, S., Adam, M. T., & Maedche, A. (2018). Faster is not always better: Understanding the effect of dynamic response delays in human-Chatbot interaction. Paper presented at the ECIS."},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2001.11045669","volume":"18","author":"AH Gold","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gold, A. H., Malhotra, A., & Segars, A. H. (2001). Knowledge management: An organizational capabilities perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18(1), 185\u2013214.","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195069013.001.0001","volume-title":"Faces in the clouds: Oxford University press","author":"S Guthrie","year":"1993","unstructured":"Guthrie, S. (1993). Faces in the clouds: Oxford University press."},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-04-2016-0130","volume":"117","author":"J Hair","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hair, J., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B., & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 117(3), 442\u2013458.","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"key":"411_CR41","unstructured":"Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (second ed.): Sage publications."},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1080\/10864415.2005.11043965","volume":"10","author":"W Hampton-Sosa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hampton-Sosa, W., & Koufaris, M. (2005). The effect of web site perceptions on initial trust in the owner company. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 10(1), 55\u201381.","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-05-2017-0214","volume":"118","author":"S Han","year":"2018","unstructured":"Han, S., & Yang, H. (2018). Understanding adoption of intelligent personal assistants: A parasocial relationship perspective. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 118(3), 618\u2013636.","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR44","first-page":"47","volume":"45","author":"M Hart","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hart, M., & Porter, G. (2004). The impact of cognitive and other factors on the perceived usefulness of OLAP. The Journal of Computer Information Systems, 45(1), 47.","journal-title":"The Journal of Computer Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1080\/10463280801981645","volume":"19","author":"N Haslam","year":"2008","unstructured":"Haslam, N., Loughnan, S., Kashima, Y., & Bain, P. (2008). Attributing and denying humanness to others. European Review of Social Psychology, 19(1), 55\u201385.","journal-title":"European Review of Social Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11747-014-0403-8","volume":"43","author":"J Henseler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115\u2013135.","journal-title":"Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"411_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00216","volume":"10","author":"TJ Hess","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hess, T. J., Fuller, M., & Campbell, D. E. (2009). Designing interfaces with social presence: Using vividness and extraversion to create social recommendation agents. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 10(12), 1.","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1060.0088","volume":"17","author":"S-J Hong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hong, S.-J., & Tam, K. Y. (2006). Understanding the adoption of multipurpose information appliances: The case of mobile data services. Information Systems Research, 17(2), 162\u2013179.","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2007.11.001","volume":"45","author":"CL Hsu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hsu, C. L., & Lin, J. C. C. (2008). Acceptance of blog usage: The roles of technology acceptance, social influence and knowledge sharing motivation. Information & Management, 45(1), 65\u201374.","journal-title":"Information & Management"},{"key":"411_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Igbaria, M., Parasuraman, S., & Baroudi, J. J. (1996). A motivational model of microcomputer usage. Journal of Management Information Systems, 127\u2013143.","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.1996.11518115"},{"key":"411_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janson, A., S\u00f6llner, M., & Leimeister, J. M. (2019). Ladders for learning: Is scaffolding the key to teaching problem solving in technology-mediated learning contexts? Academy of Management Learning & Education(ja).","DOI":"10.5465\/amle.2018.0078"},{"key":"411_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jarvenpaa, S. L., Tractinsky, N., & Saarinen, L. (1999). Consumer trust in an internet store: A cross-cultural validation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 5(2), 0\u20130.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.1999.tb00337.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1080\/01449290600959104","volume":"27","author":"RD Johnson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Johnson, R. D., Marakas, G. M., & Palmer, J. W. (2008). Beliefs about the social roles and capabilities of computing technology: Development of the computing technology continuum of perspective. Behaviour & Information Technology, 27(2), 169\u2013181.","journal-title":"Behaviour & Information Technology"},{"issue":"10","key":"411_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00344","volume":"14","author":"I Junglas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Junglas, I., Goel, L., Abraham, C., & Ives, B. (2013). The social component of information systems-how sociability contributes to technology acceptance. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 14(10), 585.","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR55","unstructured":"Jurafsky, D., & Martin, J. H. (2017). Dialog systems and chatbots. Speech and language processing, 3."},{"key":"411_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamis, A., Koufaris, M., & Stern, T. (2008). Using an attribute-based decision support system for user-customized products online: An experimental investigation. MIS quarterly, 159-177.","DOI":"10.2307\/25148832"},{"key":"411_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karahanna, E., Straub, D. W., & Chervany, N. L. (1999). Information technology adoption across time: A cross-sectional comparison of pre-adoption and post-adoption beliefs. MIS Quarterly, 183\u2013213.","DOI":"10.2307\/249751"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2013.839904","volume":"30","author":"RF Khan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khan, R. F., & Sutcliffe, A. (2014). Attractive agents are more persuasive. International journal of human-computer interaction, 30(2), 142\u2013150.","journal-title":"International journal of human-computer interaction"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.70.1.47","volume":"70","author":"S Kiesler","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kiesler, S., Sproull, L., & Waters, K. (1996). A prisoner's dilemma experiment on cooperation with people and human-like computers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(1), 47\u201365.","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"411_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiesler, S., & Goetz, J. (2002a). Machine trait scales for evaluating mechanistic mental models of robots and computer-based machines. Unpublished manuscript, Carnegie Mellon University. Downloadable at https:\/\/www.cs.cmu.edu\/~kiesler\/anthropomorphismorg\/ pdf\/Machine_scale.Pdf.","DOI":"10.1145\/506486.506491"},{"key":"411_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiesler, S., & Goetz, J. (2002b). Mental models of robotic assistants. Paper presented at the CHI'02 extended abstracts on human factors in computing systems.","DOI":"10.1145\/506443.506491"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1521\/soco.2008.26.2.169","volume":"26","author":"S Kiesler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kiesler, S., Powers, A., Fussell, S. R., & Torrey, C. (2008). Anthropomorphic interactions with a robot and robot-like agent. Social Cognition, 26(2), 169\u2013181.","journal-title":"Social Cognition"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.08.019","volume":"38","author":"B Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim, B., & Han, I. (2011). The role of utilitarian and hedonic values and their antecedents in a mobile data service environment. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(3), 2311\u20132318.","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222240401","volume":"24","author":"DJ Kim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kim, D. J. (2008). Self-perception-based versus transference-based trust determinants in computer-mediated transactions: A cross-cultural comparison study. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(4), 13\u201345.","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR65","first-page":"88","volume":"48","author":"E Kim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kim, E., & Tadisina, S. (2007). A model of customers' trust in e-businesses: Micro-level inter-party trust formation. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 48(1), 88\u2013104.","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Information Systems"},{"issue":"6","key":"411_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2006.11.009","volume":"65","author":"H-W Kim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kim, H.-W., Chan, H. C., & Chan, Y. P. (2007). A balanced thinking\u2013feelings model of information systems continuance. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 65(6), 511\u2013525.","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1145\/1007965.1007970","volume":"35","author":"KK Kim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kim, K. K., & Prabhakar, B. (2004). Initial trust and the adoption of B2C e-commerce: The case of internet banking. ACM sigmis database, 35(2), 50\u201364.","journal-title":"ACM sigmis database"},{"key":"411_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiseleva, J., Williams, K., Jiang, J., Hassan Awadallah, A., Crook, A. C., Zitouni, I., & Anastasakos, T. (2016). Understanding user satisfaction with intelligent assistants. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2016 ACM on conference on human information interaction and retrieval.","DOI":"10.1145\/2854946.2854961"},{"key":"411_CR69","unstructured":"Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation. Modeling.(3nd."},{"key":"411_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knote, R., Janson, A., S\u00f6llner, M., & Leimeister, J. M. (2019). Classifying smart personal assistants: An empirical cluster analysis. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii international conference on system sciences.","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2019.245"},{"key":"411_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Komiak, S. Y., & Benbasat, I. (2006). The effects of personalization and familiarity on trust and adoption of recommendation agents. MIS quarterly, 941.","DOI":"10.2307\/25148760"},{"key":"411_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2019.07.016","volume":"49","author":"DB K\u00f6se","year":"2019","unstructured":"K\u00f6se, D. B., Morschheuser, B., & Hamari, J. (2019). Is it a tool or a toy? How user conceptions of a system\u2019s purpose affect their experience and use. International Journal of Information Management, 49, 461\u2013474.","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.13.2.205.83","volume":"13","author":"M Koufaris","year":"2002","unstructured":"Koufaris, M. (2002). Applying the technology acceptance model and flow theory to online consumer behavior. Information Systems Research, 13(2), 205\u2013223.","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"411_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00411","volume":"16","author":"NK Lankton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lankton, N. K., McKnight, D. H., & Tripp, J. (2015). Technology, humanness, and trust: Rethinking Trust in Technology. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 16(10), 880\u2013918.","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1177\/239700221202600302","volume":"26","author":"S Laumer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Laumer, S., Eckhardt, A., & Weitzel, T. (2012). Online gaming to find a new job\u2013examining job seekers' intention to use serious games as a self-assessment tool. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(3), 218\u2013240.","journal-title":"German Journal of Human Resource Management"},{"key":"411_CR76","unstructured":"Laumer, S., Maier, C., & Gubler, F. T. (2019). CHATBOT acceptance in healthcare: Explaining user adoption of conversational agents for disease diagnosis."},{"issue":"8","key":"411_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1108\/09590550610675949","volume":"34","author":"H-H Lee","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lee, H.-H., Fiore, A. M., & Kim, J. (2006). The role of the technology acceptance model in explaining effects of image interactivity technology on consumer responses. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 34(8), 621\u2013644.","journal-title":"International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management"},{"key":"411_CR78","unstructured":"Leswing, K. (2016). Here's why people don't use Siri regularly, even though 98% of iPhone users have tried it. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/98-of-iphone-users-have-tried-siri-but-most-dont-use-it-regularly-2016-6"},{"key":"411_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liao, Y., Vitak, J., Kumar, P., Zimmer, M., & Kritikos, K. (2019). Understanding the role of privacy and Trust in Intelligent Personal Assistant Adoption. Paper presented at the International Conference on Information.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15742-5_9"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.86.1.114","volume":"86","author":"MK Lindell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lindell, M. K., & Whitney, D. J. (2001). Accounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 114.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017383528041","volume":"4","author":"KE Link","year":"2001","unstructured":"Link, K. E., Kreuz, R. J., Graesser, A. C., & Group, T. R. (2001). Factors that influence the perception of feedback delivered by a pedagogical agent. International Journal of Speech Technology, 4(2), 145\u2013153.","journal-title":"International Journal of Speech Technology"},{"key":"411_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, D., Li, Y., & Thomas, M. A. (2017). A roadmap for natural language processing research in information systems. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 50th Hawaii international conference on system sciences.","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2017.132"},{"key":"411_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lopatovska, I., & Williams, H. (2018). Personification of the Amazon Alexa: BFF or a mindless companion. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2018 conference on Human Information Interaction & Retrieval.","DOI":"10.1145\/3176349.3176868"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222240408","volume":"24","author":"PB Lowry","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lowry, P. B., Vance, A., Moody, G., Beckman, B., & Read, A. (2008). Explaining and predicting the impact of branding alliances and web site quality on initial consumer trust of e-commerce web sites. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(4), 199\u2013224.","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luger, E., & Sellen, A. (2016). Like having a really bad PA: The gulf between user expectation and experience of conversational agents. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2016 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems.","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858288"},{"key":"411_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maedche, A., Legner, C., Benlian, A., Berger, B., Gimpel, H., Hess, T., ... & S\u00f6llner, M. (2019). AI-Based Digital Assistants. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 1\u201310.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-019-00600-8"},{"key":"411_CR87","unstructured":"Maggio, E. (2018). Apple says that 500 million customers use Siri. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/apple-says-siri-has-500-million-users-2018-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.11.4.327.11873","volume":"11","author":"S March","year":"2000","unstructured":"March, S., Hevner, A., & Ram, S. (2000). Research commentary: An agenda for information technology research in heterogeneous and distributed environments. Information Systems Research, 11(4), 327\u2013341.","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"411_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1109\/3468.952714","volume":"31","author":"HM McBreen","year":"2001","unstructured":"McBreen, H. M., & Jack, M. (2001). Evaluating humanoid synthetic agents in e-retail applications. Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, IEEE Transactions On, 31(5), 394\u2013405.","journal-title":"Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, IEEE Transactions On"},{"key":"411_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCarthy, J., & Hayes, P. J. (1969). Some philosophical problems from the standpoint of artificial intelligence. Readings in artificial intelligence, 431\u2013450.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-934613-03-3.50033-7"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.13.3.334.81","volume":"13","author":"DH McKnight","year":"2002","unstructured":"McKnight, D. H., Choudhury, V., & Kacmar, C. (2002). Developing and validating trust measures for e-commerce: An integrative typology. Information Systems Research, 13(3), 334\u2013359.","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.1998.926622","volume":"23","author":"DH McKnight","year":"1998","unstructured":"McKnight, D. H., Cummings, L. L., & Chervany, N. L. (1998). Initial trust formation in new organizational relationships. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 473\u2013490.","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1080\/1019678042000245263","volume":"14","author":"DH McKnight","year":"2004","unstructured":"McKnight, D. H., Kacmar, C. J., & Choudhury, V. (2004). Shifting factors and the ineffectiveness of third party assurance seals: A two-stage model of initial trust in a web business. Electronic Markets, 14(3), 252\u2013266.","journal-title":"Electronic Markets"},{"key":"411_CR94","first-page":"38","volume-title":"international workshop on future and emerging trends in language technology","author":"MF McTear","year":"2016","unstructured":"McTear, M. F. (2016). The rise of the conversational interface: A new kid on the block? In international workshop on future and emerging trends in language technology (pp. 38\u201349). Cham: Springer."},{"key":"411_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meyer von Wolff, R., Hobert, S., & Schumann, M. (2019). How May I Help You?\u2013State of the Art and Open Research Questions for Chatbots at the Digital Workplace. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2019.013"},{"issue":"7","key":"411_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1145\/176789.176798","volume":"37","author":"TM Mitchell","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mitchell, T. M., Caruana, R., Freitag, D., McDermott, J., & Zabowski, D. (1994). Experience with a learning personal assistant. Communications of the ACM, 37(7), 80\u201391.","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1086\/209566","volume":"26","author":"Y Moon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Moon, Y. (2000). Intimate exchanges: Using computers to elicit self-disclosure from consumers. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(4), 323\u2013339.","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2.3.192","volume":"2","author":"GC Moore","year":"1991","unstructured":"Moore, G. C., & Benbasat, I. (1991). Development of an instrument to measure the perceptions of adopting an information technology innovation. Information Systems Research, 2(3), 192\u2013222.","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"key":"411_CR99","volume-title":"Paper presented at the Hawaii international conference on system sciences (HICSS)","author":"S Moussawi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moussawi, S., & Koufaris, M. (2019). Perceived intelligence and perceived anthropomorphism of personal intelligent agents: Scale development and validation. In Paper presented at the Hawaii international conference on system sciences (HICSS). Maui: HI http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10125\/59452."},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/0022-4537.00153","volume":"56","author":"C Nass","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nass, C., & Moon, Y. (2000). Machines and mindlessness: Social responses to computers. Journal of Social Issues, 56(1), 81\u2013103.","journal-title":"Journal of Social Issues"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.1993.tb00311.x","volume":"19","author":"C Nass","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nass, C., & Steuer, J. (1993). Voices, boxes, and sources of messages. Human Communication Research, 19(4), 504\u2013527.","journal-title":"Human Communication Research"},{"key":"411_CR102","volume-title":"Wired for speech: How voice activates and advances the human-computer relationship: MIT press Cambridge","author":"CI Nass","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nass, C. I., & Brave, S. (2005). Wired for speech: How voice activates and advances the human-computer relationship: MIT press Cambridge."},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2006.tb00308.x","volume":"11","author":"KL Nowak","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nowak, K. L., & Rauh, C. (2005). The influence of the avatar on online perceptions of anthropomorphism, androgyny, credibility, homophily, and attraction. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11(1), 153\u2013178.","journal-title":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222280102","volume":"28","author":"JF Nunamaker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nunamaker, J. F., Derrick, D. C., Elkins, A. C., Burgoon, J. K., & Patton, M. W. (2011). Embodied conversational agent-based kiosk for automated interviewing. Journal of Management Information Systems, 28(1), 17\u201348.","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"03","key":"411_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1017\/S026988890000789X","volume":"11","author":"HS Nwana","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nwana, H. S. (1996). Software agents: An overview. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 11(03), 205\u2013244.","journal-title":"The Knowledge Engineering Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.12.2.121.9700","volume":"12","author":"WJ Orlikowski","year":"2001","unstructured":"Orlikowski, W. J., & Iacono, C. S. (2001). Research commentary: Desperately seeking the \u201cIT\u201d in IT research\u2014A call to theorizing the IT artifact. Information Systems Research, 12(2), 121\u2013134.","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"key":"411_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parise, S., Kiesler, S., Sproull, L., & Waters, K. (1996). My partner is a real dog: Cooperation with social agents. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on computer supported cooperative work.","DOI":"10.1145\/240080.240351"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/10864415.2003.11044275","volume":"7","author":"PA Pavlou","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pavlou, P. A. (2003). Consumer acceptance of electronic commerce: Integrating trust and risk with the technology acceptance model. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 7(3), 101\u2013134.","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"key":"411_CR109","unstructured":"Perez, S. (2017). Siri usage and engagement dropped since last year, as Alexa and Cortana grew. Retrieved from https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2017\/07\/11\/siri-usage-and-engagement-dropped-since-last-year-as-alexa-and-cortana-grew\/"},{"key":"411_CR110","unstructured":"Perez, S. (2018). 39 million Americans now own a smart speaker, report claims. Retrieved from https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2018\/01\/12\/39-million-americans-now-own-a-smart-speaker-report-claims\/"},{"key":"411_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pfeuffer, N., Benlian, A., Gimpel, H., & Hinz, O. (2019). Anthropomorphic information systems. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 1\u201311.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-019-00599-y"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1108\/17554191111157047","volume":"3","author":"A Pillai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pillai, A., & Mukherjee, J. (2011). User acceptance of hedonic versus utilitarian social networking web sites. Journal of Indian Business Research, 3(3), 180\u2013191.","journal-title":"Journal of Indian Business Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"411_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","volume":"88","author":"PM Podsakoff","year":"2003","unstructured":"Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879\u2013903.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"411_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porcheron, M., Fischer, J. E., & Sharples, S. (2017). Do animals have accents?: Talking with agents in multi-party conversation. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2017 ACM conference on computer supported cooperative work and social computing.","DOI":"10.1145\/2998181.2998298"},{"key":"411_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Powers, A., & Kiesler, S. (2006). The advisor robot: Tracing people's mental model from a robot's physical attributes. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI\/SIGART conference on human-robot interaction.","DOI":"10.1145\/1121241.1121280"},{"key":"411_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pradhan, A., Mehta, K., & Findlater, L. (2018). Accessibility came by accident: Use of voice-controlled intelligent personal assistants by people with disabilities. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2018 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems.","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3174033"},{"key":"411_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Purington, A., Taft, J. G., Sannon, S., Bazarova, N. N., & Taylor, S. H. (2017). Alexa is my new BFF: Social roles, user satisfaction, and personification of the amazon echo. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2017 CHI conference extended abstracts on human factors in computing systems.","DOI":"10.1145\/3027063.3053246"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327590ijhc1901_6","volume":"19","author":"L Qiu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Qiu, L., & Benbasat, I. (2005). Online consumer trust and live help interfaces: The effects of text-to-speech voice and three-dimensional avatars. International journal of human-computer interaction, 19(1), 75\u201394.","journal-title":"International journal of human-computer interaction"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222250405","volume":"25","author":"L Qiu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Qiu, L., & Benbasat, I. (2009). Evaluating anthropomorphic product recommendation agents: A social relationship perspective to designing information systems. Journal of Management Information Systems, 25(4), 145\u2013182.","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"411_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2014.09.017","volume":"68","author":"WG Qu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Qu, W. G., & Yang, Z. (2015). The effect of uncertainty avoidance and social trust on supply chain collaboration. Journal of Business Research, 68(5), 911\u2013918.","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR121","first-page":"36","volume":"3","author":"T Ramayah","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramayah, T., & Ignatius, J. (2005). Impact of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment on intention to shop online. ICFAI Journal of Systems Management (IJSM), 3(3), 36\u201351.","journal-title":"ICFAI Journal of Systems Management (IJSM)"},{"key":"411_CR122","unstructured":"Reeves, B., & Nass, C. (1996). How people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places: CSLI publications and Cambridge university press."},{"key":"411_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., & Straub, D. (2012). A critical look at the use of PLS-SEM in MIS quarterly. MIS Quarterly (MISQ), 36(1).","DOI":"10.2307\/41410402"},{"key":"411_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.05.063","volume":"63","author":"LF Rodrigues","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodrigues, L. F., Oliveira, A., & Costa, C. J. (2016). Playing seriously\u2013how gamification and social cues influence bank customers to use gamified e-business applications. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 392\u2013407.","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"411_CR125","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence: A modern approach","author":"S Russell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2010). Artificial Intelligence: A modern approach (Vol. 25, Third ed.). Trenton: Pearson Education.","edition":"Third ed."},{"key":"411_CR126","unstructured":"Rzepka, C. (2019). Examining the use of voice assistants: A value-focused thinking approach."},{"key":"411_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sannon, S., Stoll, B., DiFranzo, D., Jung, M., & Bazarova, N. N. (2018). How personification and interactivity influence stress-related disclosures to conversational agents. Paper presented at the companion of the 2018 ACM conference on computer supported cooperative work and social computing.","DOI":"10.1145\/3272973.3274076"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2016.2617341","volume":"34","author":"R Sarikaya","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sarikaya, R. (2017). The technology behind personal digital assistants. An overview of the system architecture and key components. In: IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 34(1), 67\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MSP.2016.2617341 .","journal-title":"In: IEEE Signal Processing Magazine"},{"key":"411_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seeber, I., Bittner, E., Briggs, R. O., de Vreede, T., de Vreede, G.-J., Elkins, A., et al. (2019). Machines as teammates: A research agenda on AI in team collaboration. Information & Management, 103174.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2019.103174"},{"key":"411_CR130","unstructured":"Seeger, A.-M., Pfeiffer, J., & Heinzl, A. (2017). When do we need a human? Anthropomorphic design and trustworthiness of conversational agents. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Pre-ICIS Workshop on HCI Research in MIS, AISeL, Seoul, Korea."},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1108\/08876049910266059","volume":"13","author":"N Sharma","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sharma, N., & Patterson, P. G. (1999). The impact of communication effectiveness and service quality on relationship commitment in consumer, professional services. Journal of Services Marketing, 13(2), 151\u2013170.","journal-title":"Journal of Services Marketing"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(93)90034-9","volume":"60","author":"Y Shoham","year":"1993","unstructured":"Shoham, Y. (1993). Agent-oriented programming. Artificial Intelligence, 60(1), 51\u201392.","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1057\/ejis.2015.17","volume":"25","author":"M S\u00f6llner","year":"2016","unstructured":"S\u00f6llner, M., Hoffmann, A., & Leimeister, J. M. (2016). Why different trust relationships matter for information systems users. European Journal of Information Systems, 25(3), 274\u2013287.","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR134","volume-title":"The artificial life route to artificial intelligence: Building embodied, situated agents: L","author":"L Steels","year":"1995","unstructured":"Steels, L., & Brooks, R. A. (1995). The artificial life route to artificial intelligence: Building embodied, situated agents: L. Trenton: Erlbaum Associates Hillsdale."},{"issue":"2","key":"411_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-0483(82)90050-0","volume":"10","author":"EB Swanson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Swanson, E. B. (1982). Measuring user attitudes in MIS research: A review. Omega, 10(2), 157\u2013165.","journal-title":"Omega"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5915.1987.tb01508.x","volume":"18","author":"EB Swanson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Swanson, E. B. (1987). Information Channel disposition and use. Decision Sciences, 18(1), 131\u2013145.","journal-title":"Decision Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222250303","volume":"25","author":"TS Teo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Teo, T. S., Srivastava, S. C., & Jiang, L. (2008). Trust and electronic government success: An empirical study. Journal of Management Information Systems, 25(3), 99\u2013132.","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turing, A. M. (1950). Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind, 433\u2013460.","DOI":"10.1093\/mind\/LIX.236.433"},{"key":"411_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van der Heijden, H. (2004). User acceptance of hedonic information systems. MIS Quarterly, 695\u2013704.","DOI":"10.2307\/25148660"},{"issue":"4","key":"411_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222240403","volume":"24","author":"A Vance","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vance, A., Elie-Dit-Cosaque, C., & Straub, D. W. (2008). Examining trust in information technology artifacts: The effects of system quality and culture. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(4), 73\u2013100.","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V., & Brown, S. A. (2001). A longitudinal investigation of personal computers in homes: Adoption determinants and emerging challenges. MIS Quarterly, 71\u2013102.","DOI":"10.2307\/3250959"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ejis.3000619","volume":"15","author":"RL Wakefield","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wakefield, R. L., & Whitten, D. (2006). Mobile computing: A user study on hedonic\/utilitarian mobile device usage. European Journal of Information Systems, 15(3), 292\u2013300.","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wagner, K., Nimmermann, F., & Schramm-Klein, H. (2019). Is it human? The role of anthropomorphism as a driver for the successful acceptance of digital voice assistants. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii international conference on system sciences.","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2019.169"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1509\/jmkg.71.3.143","volume":"71","author":"LC Wang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang, L. C., Baker, J., Wagner, J. A., & Wakefield, K. (2007). Can a retail web site be social? Journal of Marketing, 71(3), 143\u2013157.","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR145","first-page":"4","volume":"6","author":"W Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang, W., & Benbasat, I. (2005). Trust in and adoption of online recommendation agents. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 6(3), 4.","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691610369336","volume":"5","author":"A Waytz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Waytz, A., Cacioppo, J., & Epley, N. (2010). Who sees human? The stability and importance of individual differences in anthropomorphism. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(3), 219\u2013232.","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"key":"411_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2014.01.005","volume":"52","author":"A Waytz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Waytz, A., Heafner, J., & Epley, N. (2014). The mind in the machine: Anthropomorphism increases trust in an autonomous vehicle. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 52, 113\u2013117.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1145\/365153.365168","volume":"9","author":"J Weizenbaum","year":"1966","unstructured":"Weizenbaum, J. (1966). ELIZA\u2014A computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine. Communications of the ACM, 9(1), 36\u201345.","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"1","key":"411_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1050.0042","volume":"16","author":"BH Wixom","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wixom, B. H., & Todd, P. A. (2005). A theoretical integration of user satisfaction and technology acceptance. Information Systems Research, 16(1), 85\u2013102.","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"02","key":"411_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269888900008122","volume":"10","author":"M Wooldridge","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wooldridge, M., & Jennings, N. R. (1995). Intelligent agents: Theory and practice. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 10(02), 115\u2013152.","journal-title":"The Knowledge Engineering Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"411_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00325","volume":"14","author":"J Wu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wu, J., & Lu, X. (2013). Effects of extrinsic and intrinsic motivators on using utilitarian, hedonic, and dual-purposed information systems: A meta-analysis. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 14(3), 153.","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"key":"411_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, J. D., Benbasat, I., & Cenfetelli, R. T. (2013). Integrating service quality with system and information quality: An empirical test in the e-service context. MIS Quarterly, 37(3).","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2013\/37.3.05"},{"key":"411_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, X., Aurisicchio, M., & Baxter, W. (2019). Understanding affective experiences with conversational agents. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems.","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300772"},{"key":"411_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoo, Y. (2010). Computing in everyday life: A call for research on experiential computing. MIS Quarterly, 213\u2013231.","DOI":"10.2307\/20721425"},{"key":"411_CR155","unstructured":"Zeng, E., Mare, S., & Roesner, F. (2017). End user security and privacy concerns with smart homes. Paper presented at the thirteenth symposium on usable privacy and security ({SOUPS} 2017)."}],"container-title":["Electronic Markets"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12525-020-00411-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12525-020-00411-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12525-020-00411-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T00:13:18Z","timestamp":1722643998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12525-020-00411-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]]},"references-count":155,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12525-020-00411-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1019-6781","1422-8890"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1019-6781","type":"print"},{"value":"1422-8890","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 July 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}