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However, these practices can be challenging for naive meditators. Virtual reality (VR) can create virtual scenarios that facilitate the practice of mindfulness. This study presents secondary data from a randomized controlled trial on the effects and acceptability of mindfulness-based VR environments conducted with a sample of university students. Specifically, it involved a single condition (n\u2009=\u200993) receiving an intervention that comprised six short mindfulness sessions in VR. Measurements were taken of participants\u2019 state mindfulness and emotional state immediately before and after the implementation of each VR environment. Sense of presence was measured subsequent to each VR environment. Furthermore, participants were asked to rate their expectations for at baseline and satisfaction with the experience after the intervention. Participants significantly improved both state mindfulness and emotional states, and they reported a moderate-to-strong sense of presence in each of the VR environments. Moreover, participants reported high expectation and satisfaction scores for the intervention. This study shows the potential of VR in mindfulness, although there is a need for more research in this area and, in particular, more sophisticated trial designs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12528-023-09393-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,17]],"date-time":"2023-12-17T13:02:17Z","timestamp":1702818137000},"page":"273-298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effects and acceptability of virtual reality to facilitate mindfulness practice in university students"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Modrego-Alarc\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Morillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9903-4064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Teresa","family":"Navarro-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Montero-Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Monreal-Bartolom\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Garc\u00eda-Campayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"L\u00f3pez-Del-Hoyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"9393_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-017-0811-1","volume":"9","author":"KC Adair","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adair, K. 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The participants did not receive any remuneration for their involvement in the study. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) strategies including data encryption and the use of personal passwords were implemented in order to guarantee the protection of personal information. All collected data were processed anonymously and were only used for the purposes of the study. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the corresponding regional authority (Ethical committee of Aragon, Spain, registry number PI18\/325). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments, or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}