{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:24:08Z","timestamp":1772065448564,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]],"date-time":"2016-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479772800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Ambient Intell Human Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-016-0431-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]],"date-time":"2016-11-22T12:22:52Z","timestamp":1479817372000},"page":"469-483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Interpreting human activity from electrical consumption data using reconfigurable hardware and hidden Markov models"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3763-4790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F. J.","family":"Ferr\u00e1ndez-Pastor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Mora-Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. L.","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Nieto-Hidalgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Garc\u00eda-Chamizo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"431_CR1","volume-title":"Multiresolution signal decomposition: transforms, subbands, and wavelets","author":"AN Akansu","year":"2000","unstructured":"Akansu AN, Haddad PR (2000) Multiresolution signal decomposition: transforms, subbands, and wavelets. Academic Press, London"},{"key":"431_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Albanesi MG, Lombardi L (1997) Wavelets for multiresolution shape recognition. In: Image analysis and processing, Springer, Berlin, pp 276\u2013283","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-63508-4_133"},{"key":"431_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arrais E, Roda V, Neto C, Ribeiro R, Costa F (2014) Fpga versus dsp for wavelet transform based voltage sags detection. In: Instrumentation and measurement technology conference (I2MTC) proceedings, 2014 IEEE international, pp 643\u2013647. doi:\n                        10.1109\/I2MTC.2014.6860822","DOI":"10.1109\/I2MTC.2014.6860822"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"431_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1007\/s007790200036","volume":"6","author":"M Bauer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bauer M, Becker C, Rothermel K (2002) Location models from the perspective of context-aware applications and mobile ad hoc networks. Personal Ubiquitous Comput 6(5\u20136):322\u2013328. doi:\n                        10.1007\/s007790200036","journal-title":"Personal Ubiquitous Comput"},{"key":"431_CR5","unstructured":"Berg\u00e9s M, Soibelman L, Matthews HS (2010) Leveraging data from environmental sensors to enhance electrical load disaggregation algorithms. In: Proceeding of the 13th international conference on computing in civil and building engineering"},{"key":"431_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Camier TR, Giroux S, Bouchard B, Bouzouane A (2013) Designing a NIALM in smart homes for cognitive assistance. Procedia Comput Sci 19:524\u2013532. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.procs.2013.06.070\n                        \n                    . In: The 4th international conference on ambient systems, networks and technologies (ANT 2013), the 3rd international conference on sustainable energy information technology (SEIT-2013)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2013.06.070"},{"key":"431_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Celler B, Earnshaw W, Ilsar E, Betbeder-Matibet L, Harris M, Clark R, Hesketh T, Lovell N (1995) Remote monitoring of health status of the elderly at home. A multidisciplinary project on aging at the University of New South Wales. Int J Bio-Med Comput 40(2):147\u2013155. doi:\n                        10.1016\/0020-7101(95)01139-6\n                        \n                    \n                    (asia Pacific Association of Medical Informatics (APAMI))","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7101(95)01139-6"},{"key":"431_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4569","DOI":"10.3390\/en5114569","volume":"5","author":"H Chang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chang H (2012) Non-intrusive demand monitoring and load identification for energy management systems based on transient feature analyses. Energies 5:4569\u20134589","journal-title":"Energies"},{"key":"431_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chang HH, Lin CL, Lee JK (2010) Load identification in nonintrusive load monitoring using steady-state and turn-on transient energy algorithms. In: 14th international conference on computer supported cooperative work in design (CSCWD), 2010, pp 27\u201332. doi:\n                        10.1109\/CSCWD.2010.5472008","DOI":"10.1109\/CSCWD.2010.5472008"},{"key":"431_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2014.06.005","volume":"66","author":"S Chernbumroong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chernbumroong S, Cang S, Yu H (2014) A practical multi-sensor activity recognition system for home-based care. Decis Support Syst 66:61\u201370. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.dss.2014.06.005","journal-title":"Decis Support Syst"},{"key":"431_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chilo J, Lindblad T (2007) Real-time signal processing of infrasound data using 1d wavelet transform on fpga device. In: Real-time conference, 2007 15th IEEE-NPSS, pp 1\u20135. doi:\n                        10.1109\/RTC.2007.4382758","DOI":"10.1109\/RTC.2007.4382758"},{"key":"431_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3390\/a2010282","volume":"2","author":"R Cilla","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cilla R, Patricio MA, Garc\u0131a J, Berlanga A, Molina JM (2009) Recognizing human activities from sensors using hidden markov models constructed by feature selection techniques. Algorithms 2:282\u2013300","journal-title":"Algorithms"},{"key":"431_CR13","unstructured":"Costa R, Novais P, Costa \u00c2, Lima L, Neves J (2010) Ambient intelligence and future trends. In: International symposium on ambient intelligence (ISAmI 2010), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, chap User Recognition in AAL Environments, pp 177\u2013184"},{"issue":"2","key":"431_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2011.03.016","volume":"69","author":"D Ding","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ding D, Cooper RA, Pasquina PF, Fici-Pasquina L (2011) Sensor technology for smart homes. Maturitas 69(2):131\u2013136. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.maturitas.2011.03.016","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"431_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Du J, Luo Z, Wang J (2011) High-speed real-time signal processing system design and implementation based on fpga. In: Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC), 2011 2nd International Conference on, pp 7096\u20137099, DOI10.1109\/AIMSEC.2011.6011087","DOI":"10.1109\/AIMSEC.2011.6011087"},{"key":"431_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Figueiredo M, de\u00a0Almeida A, Ribeiro B (2012) Home electrical signal disaggregation for non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) systems. Neurocomputing 96(0):66\u201373, DOI10.1016\/j.neucom.2011.10.037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2011.10.037"},{"key":"431_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fortin-Simard D, Bilodeau JS, Gaboury S, Bouchard B, Bouzouane A (2014) Human activity recognition in smart homes: Combining passive rfid and load signatures of electrical devices. In: 2014 IEEE symposium on intelligent agents (IA), pp 22\u201329, doi:\n                        10.1109\/IA.2014.7009454","DOI":"10.1109\/IA.2014.7009454"},{"issue":"4","key":"431_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6247","DOI":"10.3390\/s140406247","volume":"14","author":"GJ Garc\u00eda","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda GJ, Jara CA, Pomares J, Alabdo A, Poggi LM, Torres F (2014) A survey on FPGA-based sensor systems: towards intelligent and reconfigurable low-power sensors for computer vision, control and signal processing. Sensors 14(4):6247\u20136278. doi:\n                        10.3390\/s140406247","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"431_CR19","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda Chamizo JM, Mora Pascual JM, Mora Mora H, Signes Pont MT et al (2003) Calculation methodology for flexible arithmetic processing"},{"key":"431_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gu T, Wu Z, Tao X, Pung HK, Lu J (2009) epsicar: an emerging patterns based approach to sequential, interleaved and concurrent activity recognition. In: IEEE International conference on pervasive computing and communications, 2009. PerCom 2009, pp 1\u20139. doi:\n                        10.1109\/PERCOM.2009.4912776","DOI":"10.1109\/PERCOM.2009.4912776"},{"key":"431_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2014.07.045","volume":"34","author":"N Gurudath","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gurudath N, Riley HB (2014) Drowsy driving detection by EEG analysis using wavelet transform and k-means clustering. Procedia Comput Sci 34:400\u2013409. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.procs.2014.07.045","journal-title":"Procedia Comput Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"431_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2013.08.003","volume":"38","author":"G Hariharan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hariharan G, Kannan K (2014) Review of wavelet methods for the solution of reaction diffusion problems in science and engineering. Appl Math Model 38(3):799\u2013813","journal-title":"Appl Math Model"},{"issue":"12","key":"431_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1109\/5.192069","volume":"80","author":"G Hart","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hart G (1992) Non-intrusive appliance load monitoring. Proc IEEE 80(12):1870\u20131891. doi:\n                        10.1109\/5.192069","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"issue":"1","key":"431_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2010.89","volume":"10","author":"M Hazas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hazas M, Friday A, Scott J (2011) Look back before leaping forward: four decades of domestic energy inquiry. Pervasive Comput IEEE 10(1):13\u201319. doi:\n                        10.1109\/MPRV.2010.89","journal-title":"Pervasive Comput IEEE"},{"key":"431_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kabir MH, Hoque MR, Thapa K, Yangr SH (2015) Two-layer hidden markov model for human activity recognition in home environments. Int J Distrib Sensor Netw 2016:12. doi:\n                        10.1155\/2016\/4560365","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4560365"},{"key":"431_CR25","unstructured":"Lee W, Fung G, Lam H, Chan F, Lucente M (2004) Exploration on load signatures. In: Proceedings of international conference on electrical engineering (ICEE), pp 1\u20135"},{"key":"431_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Leonhardt U, Magee J (1998) Multi-sensor location tracking. In: Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM\/IEEE international conference on mobile computing and networking, ACM, New York, NY, USA, MobiCom \u201998, pp 203\u2013214. doi:\n                        10.1145\/288235.288291","DOI":"10.1145\/288235.288291"},{"issue":"13","key":"431_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-8904(99)00173-9","volume":"41","author":"M Marceau","year":"2000","unstructured":"Marceau M, Zmeureanu R (2000) Nonintrusive load disaggregation computer program to estimate the energy consumption of major end uses in residential buildings. Energy Convers Manage 41(13):1389\u20131403. doi:\n                        10.1016\/S0196-8904(99)00173-9","journal-title":"Energy Convers Manage"},{"key":"431_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1007\/11578079_96","volume-title":"Progress in pattern recognition, image analysis and applications","author":"H Mesa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mesa H (2005) Adapted wavelets for pattern detection. Progress in pattern recognition, image analysis and applications. Springer, Berlin, pp 933\u2013944"},{"key":"431_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mota H, Vasconcelos F, da Silva R (2005) Real-time wavelet transform algorithms for the processing of continuous streams of data. In: 2005 IEEE international workshop on intelligent signal processing, pp 346\u2013351. doi:\n                        10.1109\/WISP.2005.1531683","DOI":"10.1109\/WISP.2005.1531683"},{"issue":"1","key":"431_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2009.2032660","volume":"40","author":"A Pantelopoulos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pantelopoulos A, Bourbakis NG (2010) A survey on wearable sensor-based systems for health monitoring and prognosis. Trans Sys Man Cyber Part C 40(1):1\u201312. doi:\n                        10.1109\/TSMCC.2009.2032660","journal-title":"Trans Sys Man Cyber Part C"},{"key":"431_CR32","unstructured":"Parson O, Ghosh S, Weal M, Rogers A (2011) Using hidden markov models for iterative non-intrusive appliance monitoring. In: Neural information processing systems workshop on machine learning for sustainability, 2011"},{"key":"431_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patel S, Robertson T, Kientz J, Reynolds M, Abowd G (2007) At the flick of a switch: detecting and classifying unique electrical events on the residential power line. In: UbiComp 2007: ubiquitous computing, lecture notes in computer science, vol 4717, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp 271\u2013288. doi:\n                        10.1007\/978-3-540-74853-316","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-74853-316"},{"key":"431_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Randell C, Muller H (2000) Context awareness by analysing accelerometer data. In: The 4th international symposium on wearable computers, pp 175\u2013176. doi:\n                        10.1109\/ISWC.2000.888488","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWC.2000.888488"},{"issue":"3","key":"431_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2011.07.045","volume":"36","author":"M Rehman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rehman M, Khan RA (2012) A numerical method for solving boundary value problems for fractional differential equations. Appl Math Model 36(3):894\u2013907. doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.apm.2011.07.045","journal-title":"Appl Math Model"},{"key":"431_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ruzzelli A, Nicolas C, Schoofs A, OHare G (2010) Real-time recognition and profiling of appliances through a single electricity sensor. In: 7th annual IEEE communications society conference on sensor mesh and ad hoc communications and networks (SECON), 2010, pp 1\u20139. doi:\n                        10.1109\/SECON.2010.5508244","DOI":"10.1109\/SECON.2010.5508244"},{"key":"431_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sanchez JL, Mora H, Mora J, Jimeno A (2008) Architecture implementation of an improved decimal cordic method. In: IEEE international conference on computer design, 2008. ICCD 2008, pp 95\u2013100. doi:\n                        10.1109\/ICCD.2008.4751846","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCD.2008.4751846"},{"key":"431_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schoofs A, Guerrieri A, Delaney DT, O\u2019Hare GMP, Ruzzelli A (2010) ANNOT: automated electricity data annotation using wireless sensor networks. In: 7th annual IEEE communications society conference on sensor mesh and ad hoc communications and networks (SECON), 2010, pp 1\u20139. doi:\n                        10.1109\/SECON.2010.5508248","DOI":"10.1109\/SECON.2010.5508248"},{"key":"431_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Streubel R, Yang B (2012) Identification of electrical appliances via analysis of power consumption. In: 47th international universities power engineering conference (UPEC), 2012, pp 1\u20136. doi:\n                        10.1109\/UPEC.2012.6398559","DOI":"10.1109\/UPEC.2012.6398559"},{"issue":"3","key":"431_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2007.70716","volume":"19","author":"C Tenllado","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tenllado C, Setoain J, Prieto M, Pinuel L, Tirado F (2008) Parallel implementation of the 2d discrete wavelet transform on graphics processing units: filter bank versus lifting. IEEE Trans Parallel Distrib Syst 19(3):299\u2013310. doi:\n                        10.1109\/TPDS.2007.70716","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Parallel Distrib Syst"},{"key":"431_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vail DL, Veloso MM, Lafferty JD (2007) Conditional random fields for activity recognition. In: Proceedings of the 6th international joint conference on autonomous agents and multiagent systems, ACM, p 235","DOI":"10.1145\/1329125.1329409"},{"key":"431_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vogiatzis E, Kalogridis G, Denic S (2013) Real-time and low cost energy disaggregation of coarse meter data. In: 4th IEEE\/PES innovative smart grid technologies Europe (ISGT EUROPE) conference, 2013, pp 1\u20135. doi:\n                        10.1109\/ISGTEurope.2013.6695417","DOI":"10.1109\/ISGTEurope.2013.6695417"},{"issue":"1","key":"431_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2011.5735484","volume":"57","author":"M Zeifman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zeifman M, Roth K (2011) Nonintrusive appliance load monitoring: review and outlook. IEEE Trans Consumer Electron 57(1):76\u201384. doi:\n                        10.1109\/TCE.2011.5735484","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Consumer Electron"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12652-016-0431-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12652-016-0431-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12652-016-0431-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,7]],"date-time":"2017-07-07T11:57:27Z","timestamp":1499428647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12652-016-0431-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["431"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12652-016-0431-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-5137","1868-5145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-5137","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-5145","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]]}}}