{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T06:21:03Z","timestamp":1781418063014,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513555200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Ambient Intell Human Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-017-0655-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T09:06:21Z","timestamp":1513587981000},"page":"267-293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["An intelligent lung cancer diagnosis system using cuckoo search optimization and support vector machine classifier"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8127-653X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Prabukumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Agilandeeswari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Ganesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"655_CR1","first-page":"32","volume":"2","author":"KP Aarthy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aarthy KP, Ragupathy US (2012) Detection of lung nodule using multiscale wavelets and support vector machine. Int J Soft Comput Eng (IJSCE) 2(3):32\u201336","journal-title":"Int J Soft Comput Eng (IJSCE)"},{"key":"655_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2004.06.005","volume":"11","author":"SG Armato III","year":"2004","unstructured":"Armato III SG, Senskovie WF (2004) Automated lung segmentation for thoracic CT: impact on computer-aided diagnosis. Acad Radiol 11:1011\u20131021","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"655_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.19.5.g99se181303","volume":"19","author":"SG Armato","year":"1999","unstructured":"Armato SG, Gieger ML, Moran CJ, Blackburn JT, Doi K, Macmahan H (1999) Computerized detection of pulmonary nodules on CT scans. Radiographics 19(5):1303\u20131311","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"655_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-006-0399-7","volume":"17","author":"CB Aubry","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aubry CB, Hill C, Grenier PA (2007) Management of an incidentally discovered pulmonary nodule. Eur Radiol 17:449\u2013466","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"655_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bezdek CJ (1981) Pattern Recognition with fuzzy objective function algorithms. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA (ISBN: 0-306-40671-3)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-0450-1"},{"key":"655_CR6","unstructured":"Cancer Facts and Figures (2014) American cancer society: cancer statistics. http:\/\/www.cancer.org"},{"key":"655_CR7","unstructured":"Chaira T, Ray AK (2009) Fuzzy image processing and applications with MATLAB. CRC press, Taylor and Francis publisher"},{"key":"655_CR8","unstructured":"Chang C, Lin C (2014) A library for support vector machines. http:\/\/www.csie.ntu.edu.tw\/cjlin\/libsvm\/"},{"issue":"4","key":"655_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-011-9276-0","volume":"39","author":"P Civicioglu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Civicioglu P, Besdok E (2013) A conceptual comparison of the cuckoo-search, particle swarm optimization, differential evolution and artificial bee colony algorithms. Artif Intell Rev 39(4):315\u2013346","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"655_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cristianini N, Shawe-Taylor J (2000) An introduction to support vector machines. Cambridge University Press","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511801389"},{"key":"655_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2009.07.006","volume":"98","author":"JRF Silva Sousa Da","year":"2010","unstructured":"Da Silva Sousa JRF, Silva AC, De Paiva AC, Nunes RA (2010) Methodology for automatic detection of lung nodules in computerized tomography images. Comput Methods Prog Biomed 98:1\u201314","journal-title":"Comput Methods Prog Biomed"},{"key":"655_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-011-9806-y","volume":"36","author":"MR Daliric","year":"2012","unstructured":"Daliric MR (2012) A hybrid automatic system for the diagnosis of lung cancer based on genetic algorithm and fuzzy extreme learning machines. J Med Syst 36:1001\u20131005","journal-title":"J Med Syst"},{"key":"655_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2007.03.002","volume":"31","author":"D Dehmeshki","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dehmeshki D, Ye X, Lin X, Validivieso M, Amin H (2007) Automated detection of lung nodules in CT images using shape-based genetic algorithm. Comput Med Imaging Graph 31:408\u2013417","journal-title":"Comput Med Imaging Graph"},{"issue":"4","key":"655_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2007.907555","volume":"27","author":"J Dehmeshki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dehmeshki J, Amin H, Valdivieso M, Ye X (2008) Segmentation of pulmonary nodules in thoracic CT scans: a region growing approach. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 27(4):467\u2013480","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"655_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/01969727308546046","volume":"3","author":"JC Dunn","year":"1973","unstructured":"Dunn JC (1973) A fuzzy relative of the ISODATA process and its use in detecting compact well-separated clusters. J Cybern 3:32\u201357","journal-title":"J Cybern"},{"key":"655_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Baz A, Beache GM, Gimel\u2019farb G, Suzuki K, Okada K, Elnakib A, Soliman A, Abdollahi B. (2013). Computer-aided diagnosis systems for lung cancer: challenges and methodologies. Int J Biomed Imaging 1\u201346","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/942353"},{"key":"655_CR17","unstructured":"ELCAP Public Lung Image Database (2014) http:\/\/www.via.cornell.edu\/lungdb.html . Accessed 15.19, 2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"655_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-011-9660-y","volume":"36","author":"Engin Avci","year":"2012","unstructured":"Engin Avci (2012). A new expert system for diagnosis of lung cancer: GDA\u2013LS_SVM. J Med Syst 36(3):2005\u20132009","journal-title":"J Med Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"655_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.4018\/IJFSA.2017040102","volume":"6","author":"TR Gadekallu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gadekallu TR, Khare N (2017) Cuckoo search optimized reduction and fuzzy logic classifier for heart disease and diabetes prediction. Int J Fuzzy Syst Appl (IJFSA) 6(2):25\u201342","journal-title":"Int J Fuzzy Syst Appl (IJFSA)"},{"issue":"4","key":"655_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-199404000-00013","volume":"29","author":"ML Giger","year":"1994","unstructured":"Giger ML, Bae KT, MacMahon. H (1994) Computerized detection of pulmonary nodules in computed tomography images. Invest Radiol 29(4):459\u2013465","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"655_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3472","volume":"191","author":"F Girvin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Girvin F, Ko JP (2008) Pulmonary nodules: detection, assessment, and CAD [J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol 191(4):1057\u20131069","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"655_CR22","first-page":"222","volume":"7","author":"M Gomathi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gomathi M, Thangaraj P (2010). A new approach to lung image segmentation using fuzzy possibilistic C-means algorithm. Int J Comput Sci Inf Secur 7(3):222\u2013228","journal-title":"Int J Comput Sci Inf Secur"},{"issue":"7","key":"655_CR23","first-page":"6","volume":"3","author":"M Gomathi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gomathi M, Thangaraj P (2012) An effective classification of benign and malignant nodules using support vector machine. J Global Res Comput Sci 3(7):6\u20139","journal-title":"J Global Res Comput Sci"},{"key":"655_CR24","volume-title":"Digital image processing","author":"RC Gonzalez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzalez RC, Woods RE (2008) Digital image processing, 2nd\u00a0edn. Prentice hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ","edition":"2"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"655_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2004.09.006","volume":"28","author":"J Gorodkin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gorodkin J (2004) Comparing two K-category assignments by a K-category correlation coefficient. Comput Biol Chem 28(5\u20136):367\u2013374","journal-title":"Comput Biol Chem"},{"issue":"11","key":"655_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1515762","volume":"29","author":"MN Gurcan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gurcan MN, Sahiner B, Petrick N, Chan HP, Kazerooni EA, Cascade PN, Hadjiiski LM (2002) Lung nodule detection on thoracic computed tomography images: preliminary evaluation of a computer-aided diagnosis system. Med Phys 29(11):2552\u20132558","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"5","key":"655_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1109\/72.159057","volume":"3","author":"LO Hall","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hall LO, Bensaid AM, Clarke LP, Velthuizen RP, Silbiger MS, Bezdek JC (1992) A comparison of neural network and fuzzy clustering techniques in segmenting magnetic resonance images of the brain. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 3(5):672\u2013682","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw"},{"issue":"1","key":"655_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5815\/ijigsp.2014.01.01","volume":"6","author":"A Hashemi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hashemi A, Pilevar AH, Rafeh R (2013) Mass detection in lung CT images using region growing segmentation and decision making based on fuzzy inference system and artificial neural network. Int J Image Graph Signal Process (IJIGSP) 6(1):1\u20138","journal-title":"Int J Image Graph Signal Process (IJIGSP)"},{"issue":"9173","key":"655_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)06093-6","volume":"354","author":"CJ Henschke","year":"1999","unstructured":"Henschke CJ, McCauley DI, Yankelevitz DF, Naidich DP, McGuinness G, Miettinen OS, Libby DM, Pasmantier MW, Koizumi J, Altorki K, Smith JP (1999) Early lung cancer action project: overall design and findings from baseline screening. Lancet 354(9173):99\u2013105","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"655_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1016\/S1076-6332(97)80080-3","volume":"4","author":"EA Hoffman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hoffman EA, McLennan G (1997) Assessment of the pulmonary structure\u2013function relationship and clinical outcomes measures: quantitative volumetric CT of the lung. Acad Radiol 4(11):758\u2013776","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"655_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Homma N (2011) ct image based computer-aided lung cancer diagnosis, theory and applications of CT imaging and analysis. In: Homma N (ed) InTech. http:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/books\/theory-and-applications-of-ct-imaging-and-analysis\/ct-image-basedcomputer-aided-lung-cancer-diagnosis . (ISBN: 978-953-307-234-0)","DOI":"10.5772\/14157"},{"key":"655_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2008.02.010","volume":"38","author":"H Hong","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hong H, Lee J, Yim Y (2008) Automatic lung nodule matching on sequential CT images. Comput Biol Med 38:623\u2013634","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"655_CR33","unstructured":"Hsu CW, Chang CC, Lin CJ (2003) A practical guide to support vector machines. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University"},{"issue":"6","key":"655_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1109\/42.929615","volume":"20","author":"S Hu","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hu S, Hoffman EA, Reinhardt JM (2001) Accurate lung segmentation for accurate quantization of volumetric X-ray CT images. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 20(6):490\u2013498","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"issue":"17","key":"655_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060476","volume":"355","author":"International early lung cancer action program (I-ELCAP)","year":"2006","unstructured":"International early lung cancer action program (I-ELCAP) (2006) Survival of patients with stage I lung cancer detected on CT screening. NEM, 355(17):1763\u20131771","journal-title":"NEM"},{"key":"655_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.55.1.10","volume":"55","author":"A Jemal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jemal A, Murray T, Ward E, Samuels A, Tiwari RC, Ghafoor A, Feuer EJ, Thun MJ (2005) Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 55:10\u201330","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"655_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2013.10.011","volume":"113","author":"K Jinsa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jinsa K, Gunavathi K (2014) Lung cancer classification using neural networks for CT images. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 113:202\u2013209","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"issue":"2","key":"655_CR38","first-page":"115","volume":"5","author":"C Karthikeyan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Karthikeyan C, Ramadoss B, Baskar S (2012) Segmentation algorithm for ct images using morphological operation and artificial neural network. Int J Signal Process Image Process Patt Recognit 5(2):115\u2013122","journal-title":"Int J Signal Process Image Process Patt Recognit"},{"issue":"11","key":"655_CR39","first-page":"19","volume":"3","author":"R Kohad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kohad R, Ahire V (2014) Diagnosis of lung cancer using support vector machine with ant colony optimization technique. Int J Adv Comput Sci Technol (IJACST) 3(11):19\u201325","journal-title":"Int J Adv Comput Sci Technol (IJACST)"},{"issue":"1","key":"655_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1015362183","volume":"30","author":"V Koltchinskii","year":"2002","unstructured":"Koltchinskii V, Panchenko D (2002) Empirical margin distributions and bounding the generalization error of combined classifiers. Ann Stat 30(1):1\u201350","journal-title":"Ann Stat"},{"issue":"10","key":"655_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2003.817785","volume":"22","author":"WJ Kostis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kostis WJ, Reeves AP, Yankelevitz DF, Henschke CI (2003) Three dimensional segmentation and growth-rate estimation of small pulmonary nodules in helical CT images. IEEE Tans Med Imag 22(10):1259\u20131273","journal-title":"IEEE Tans Med Imag"},{"issue":"1","key":"655_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2011.07.107","volume":"39","author":"MMR Krishnan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krishnan MMR, Chakraborty C, Paul RR, Ray AK (2012) Hybrid segmentation, characterization and classification of basal cell nuclei from histopathological images of normal oral mucosa and oral sub mucous fibrosis. Expert Syst Appl 39(1):1062\u20131077","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"12","key":"655_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2009.09.004","volume":"39","author":"MMR Krishnana","year":"2009","unstructured":"Krishnana MMR, Pal M, Bomminayuni SK, Chakraborty C, Paul RR, Chatterjee J, Ray AK (2009) Automated classification of cells in sub-epithelial connective tissue of oral sub-mucous fibrosis\u2014an SVM based approach. Comput Biol Med 39(12):1096\u20131104","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"655_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2010.08.005","volume":"15","author":"T Kubota","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kubota T, Jerebko AK, Dewan M, Salganicoff, Krishnan MA (2011) Segmentation of pulmonary nodules of various densities with morphological approaches and convexity models. Med Image Anal 15(1):133\u2013154","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"issue":"6","key":"655_CR45","first-page":"490","volume":"25","author":"JM Kuhnigk","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kuhnigk JM, Dicken V, Bornemann L, Bakai A, Wormanns D, Krass S (2006) Morphological segmentation and partial volume analysis for volumetry of solid pulmonary lesions in thoracic CT scans. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 25(6):490\u2013498","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"655_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2010.03.006","volume":"34","author":"SLA Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee SLA, Kouzani AZ, Hu EJ (2010) Random forest based lung nodule classification aided by clustering. Comput Med Imaging Graph 34:535\u2013542","journal-title":"Comput Med Imaging Graph"},{"key":"655_CR47","first-page":"189","volume":"1856","author":"H Lemjabbar-Alaoui","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lemjabbar-Alaoui H, Hassan OUI, Yang YW, Buchanan P (2015) Lung cancer: biology and treatment options. Biochem Biophys Acta 1856:189\u2013210","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Acta"},{"key":"655_CR48","unstructured":"Leung A, Smithuis R (2007) Solitary pulmonary nodule: benign versus malignant. http:\/\/www.radiologyassistant.nl\/en\/p460f9fcd50637\/solitary-pulmonary-nodule-benign-versus-malignant.html"},{"key":"655_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1004-4132.2010.02.024","volume":"21","author":"Y Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li Y, Shen Y (2010) Fuzzy c-means clustering based on spatial neighbourhood information for image segmentation. J Syst Eng Electron 21:323\u2013328","journal-title":"J Syst Eng Electron"},{"key":"655_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu X, Fu H (2014) PSO-based support vector machine with cuckoo search technique for clinical disease diagnoses. Sci World J 2014:1\u20137","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/548483"},{"key":"655_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2012.09.003","volume":"42","author":"BNS Magalhaes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Magalhaes BNS, Silva AFC, Nunes RA, Gattass M (2012) Automatic segmentation of lung nodules with growing neural gas and support vector machine. Comput Biol Med 42:1110\u20131121","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"655_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"V28","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdg752","volume":"14","author":"A Micheli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Micheli A, Baili P, Quinn M, Mugno E, Capocaccia R, Grosclaude P (2003) Life expectancy and cancer survival. The EUROCARE Working Group in the EUROCARE-3 cancer registry areas. Ann Oncol 14(5):V28\u2013V40","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"655_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-012-0881-x","volume":"22","author":"AK Mohanty","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mohanty AK, Senapati MR, Lenka SK (2013) A novel image mining technique for classification of mammograms using hybrid feature selection. Neural Comput Appl 22(6):1151\u20131161","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"655_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5002(01)00459-7","volume":"36","author":"A Motohiro","year":"2002","unstructured":"Motohiro A, Ueda H, Komatsu H, Yanai N, Mori T (2002) Prognosis of non-surgically treated, clinical stage I lung cancer patients in Japan. Lung Cancer 36:65\u201369","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"655_CR55","unstructured":"Okumura T, Miwa T, Kako J, Yamamoto S, Matsumoto M, Tateno Y, Iinuma T, Matsumoto T (1998). Variable-N-Quoit filter applied for automatic detection of lung cancer by X-ray CT. Proc Comput Assist Radiol 242\u2013247 (in Japanese)"},{"issue":"1","key":"655_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1979.4310076","volume":"9","author":"N Otsu","year":"1979","unstructured":"Otsu N (1979) A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. IEEE Trans Sys Man Cyber 9(1):62\u201366","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Sys Man Cyber"},{"key":"655_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patil SA, Udupi VR, Kane CD, Wasif AI, Desai JV, Jadhav AN (2009) Geometrical and texture feature estimation of lung cancer and TB image using chest X-ray database. International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering (ICBPE \u201809), pp 1\u20137","DOI":"10.1109\/ICBPE.2009.5384113"},{"key":"655_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prokop M, Galanshi M (2003). Spiral and multislice computed tomography of the body. Thime medical publishers, Stuttgart","DOI":"10.1055\/b-0034-79232"},{"issue":"5","key":"655_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2008.2010441","volume":"28","author":"J Pu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pu J, Leader JK, Zheng B (2009) A computational geometry approach to automated pulmonary fissure segmentation in CT examinations. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 28(5):710\u2013719","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"655_CR60","unstructured":"Roman R, Lopez J, Mambo M (2016) Mobile edge computing., Fog et al.: A survey and analysis of security threats and challenges. Future Gen Comput Syst (Article in online)"},{"key":"655_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2015.10.011","volume":"46","author":"R Rouhi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rouhi R, Jafari M (2016) Classification of benign and malignant breast tumors on hybrid level set segmentation. Experts Syst Appl 46:45\u201359","journal-title":"Experts Syst Appl"},{"key":"655_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2014.07.007","volume":"36","author":"AM Santos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Santos AM, Ode A, Filho C, Silva AC, Nunes RA (2014) Automatic detection of small lung nodules in 3D CT data using Gaussian mixture models, Tsallis entropy and SVM. Eng Appl Artif Intell 36:27\u201339","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"655_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2005.09.003","volume":"10","author":"AMR Schilham","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schilham AMR, Ginneken BV, Loog M (2006) A Computer-aided diagnosis system for detection of lung nodules in chest radiographs with an evaluation on a public database. Med Image Anal 10:247\u2013258","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"issue":"25","key":"655_CR64","first-page":"25","volume":"95","author":"S Shaik Parveen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shaik Parveen S, Kavitha C (2014) Classification of lung cancer nodules using SVM Kernels. Int J Comput Appl 95(25):25\u201328","journal-title":"Int J Comput Appl"},{"key":"655_CR65","unstructured":"Sharma D, Jindal G (2011) Identifying lung cancer using image processing techniques. In: International Conference on Computational Techniques and Artificial Intelligence (ICCTAI\u20192011), pp 115\u2013122"},{"key":"655_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shehab M, Khader AT, Al-Betar MA (2017) A survey on applications and variants of the cuckoo search algorithm. Appl Soft Comput J (Article in press)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2017.02.034"},{"key":"655_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2014.12.008","volume":"57","author":"S Shen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shen S, Bui AA, Cong J, Hsu W (2015) An automated lung segmentation approach using bidirectional chain codes to improve nodule detection accuracy. Comput Biol Med 57:139\u2013149","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"655_CR68","first-page":"19","volume":"6","author":"AAG Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh AAG, Jebamalar Leavline E, Valliyappan K, Srinivasan M (2015) Enhancing the performance of classifier using particle swarm optimization (PSO) based dimensionality reduction. Int J Energy Inf Commun 6(5):19\u201326","journal-title":"Int J Energy Inf Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"655_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2005.862753","volume":"25","author":"I Sluimer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sluimer I, Schilham A, Prokop M, Ginneken BV (2006) Computer Analysis of computer tomography scans of the lung: a survey. IEEE Trans Med Imag 25(4):385\u2013405","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imag"},{"key":"655_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2015.08.036","volume":"43","author":"MM Subashini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Subashini MM, Sahoo SK, Sunil V, Easwaran S (2016) A non-invasive methodology for the grade identification of astrocytoma using image processing and artificial intelligence techniques. Expert Syst Appl 43:186\u2013196","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"655_CR71","first-page":"497","volume":"23","author":"S Sun","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sun S, Ren H, Kang Y, Zhao H (2011) Lung nodule detection by GA and SVM. J Syst Simul 23(3):497\u2013502","journal-title":"J Syst Simul"},{"key":"655_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun T, Wanga J, Li X, Lv P, Liu F, Luo Y, Gao Q, Zhu H, Guo X (2013). Comparative evaluation of support vector machines for computer aided diagnosis of lung cancer in CT based on a multi-dimensional data set. Comput Methods Progr Biomed 111(2):519\u2013524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2013.04.016"},{"key":"655_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2013.09.002","volume":"47","author":"D Tay","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tay D, Pohb CL, Goha C, Kitney RI (2014) A biological continuum based approach for efficient clinical classification. J Biomed Inform 47:28\u201338","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"key":"655_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vapnik VN, Kotz S (2006). Estimation of dependences based on empirical data. Springer (ISBN: 0-387-30865-2)","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-34239-7"},{"key":"655_CR75","unstructured":"Wafa M, Zagrouba E (2009) Improved fuzzy-c-means for noisy image segmentation. SIGMAP 2009, pp\u00a074\u201378"},{"key":"655_CR76","unstructured":"Xin-She Y (2014) Cuckoo search and firefly algorithm theory and applications. Springer"},{"key":"655_CR77","unstructured":"Yang XS, Deb S (2009) Cuckoo search via Levy flights. In: Proc. of World Congress on Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing (NaBIC 2009), pp\u00a0210\u2013214"},{"issue":"4","key":"655_CR78","first-page":"330","volume":"1","author":"XS Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang XS, Deb S (2010) Engineering optimization by cuckoo search. Int J Math Model Num Optim 1(4):330\u2013343","journal-title":"Int J Math Model Num Optim"},{"key":"655_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yi S, Qin Z, Li Q (2015) Security and privacy issues of fog computing: a survey. In: International conference on wireless algorithms, systems, and applications. Springer, pp\u00a0685\u2013695","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-21837-3_67"},{"issue":"6","key":"655_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598605","volume":"26","author":"B Zhao","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zhao B, Yankelevitz D, Reeves A, Henschke C (1999) Two-dimensional multi-criterion segmentation of pulmonary nodules in helical CT images. Med Phys 26(6):889\u2013895","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"655_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2014.03.010","volume":"13","author":"S Zhou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhou S, Chenga Y, Tamura S (2014) Automated lung segmentation and smoothing techniques for inclusion of juxta pleural nodules and pulmonary vessels on chest CT images. Biomed Signal Process Control 13:62\u201370","journal-title":"Biomed Signal Process Control"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12652-017-0655-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12652-017-0655-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12652-017-0655-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T19:54:52Z","timestamp":1660161292000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12652-017-0655-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["655"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12652-017-0655-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-5137","1868-5145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-5137","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-5145","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 June 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}