{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T02:14:12Z","timestamp":1772244852663,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007615","name":"University of Dammam","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020-064-PYSS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-064-PYSS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007615","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Ambient Intell Human Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-021-03430-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T19:02:57Z","timestamp":1630522977000},"page":"4519-4541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Fully automatic grayscale image segmentation based fuzzy C-means with firefly mate algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2937-4327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waleed","family":"Alomoush","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayat","family":"Alrosan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yazan M.","family":"Alomari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaa A.","family":"Alomoush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ammar","family":"Almomani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hammoudeh S.","family":"Alamri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"3430_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alauthman M, Almomani A, Alweshah M, Omoush W, Alieyan K (2019) Machine learning for phishing detection and mitigation. In: Machine learning for computer and cyber security, CRC Press, pp 48\u201374","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429504044-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"3430_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-cds.2018.5292","volume":"14","author":"JR Albert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Albert JR, Stonier AA (2020) Design and development of symmetrical super-lift DC\u2013AC converter using firefly algorithm for solar-photovoltaic applications. IET Circ Devices Syst 14(3):261\u2013269","journal-title":"IET Circ Devices Syst"},{"issue":"24","key":"3430_CR3","first-page":"4524","volume":"14","author":"BA Aldeeb","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aldeeb BA, Al-Betar MA, Abdelmajeed AO, Younes MJ, AlKenani M, Alomoush W, Alissa KA, Alqahtani MA (2019) A comprehensive review of uncapacitated university examination timetabling problem. Int J Appl Eng Res 14(24):4524\u20134547","journal-title":"Int J Appl Eng Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3430_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s12065-011-0048-1","volume":"4","author":"O Alia","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alia O, Mandava R, Aziz ME (2011) A hybrid harmony search algorithm for MRI brain segmentation. Evol Intel 4(1):31\u201349","journal-title":"Evol Intel"},{"issue":"6","key":"3430_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4018\/JGIM.20211101.oa21","volume":"29","author":"A Almomani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Almomani A, Al-Nawasrah A, Alomoush W, Al-Abweh M, Alrosan A, Gupta BB (2021) Information management and IoT technology for safety and security of smart home and farm systems. J Glob Info Manag (JGIM) 29(6):1\u201323","journal-title":"J Glob Info Manag (JGIM)"},{"issue":"24","key":"3430_CR6","first-page":"4434","volume":"14","author":"W Alomoush","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alomoush W (2019) Cuckoo search algorithm based dynamic parameter adjustment mechanism for solving global optimization problems. Int J Appl Eng Res 14(24):4434\u20134440","journal-title":"Int J Appl Eng Res"},{"key":"3430_CR7","unstructured":"Alomoush W, Alrosan A (2018) Metaheuristic search-based fuzzy clustering algorithms. arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.08729"},{"key":"3430_CR8","unstructured":"Alomoush W, Omar K (2015) Dynamic fuzzy C-mean based firefly photinus search algorithm for MRI brain tumor image segmentation. PhD, Computer science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia"},{"issue":"1","key":"3430_CR9","first-page":"73","volume":"61","author":"W Alomoush","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alomoush W, Abdullah SNHS, Sahran S, Hussain RI (2014a) MRI brain segmentation via hybrid firefly search algorithm. J Theor Appl Info Technol 61(1):73\u201390","journal-title":"J Theor Appl Info Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3430_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3923\/jas.2014.66.71","volume":"14","author":"WK Alomoush","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alomoush WK, Abdullah S, Sahran S, Hussain RI (2014b) Segmentation of MRI brain images using FCM improved by firefly algorithms. J Appl Sci 14(1):66\u201371","journal-title":"J Appl Sci"},{"issue":"16","key":"3430_CR11","first-page":"18","volume":"96","author":"W Alomoush","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alomoush W, Alrosan A, Norwawi N, Alomari Y, Albashish D, Almomani A, Alqahtani M (2018) A survey: challenges of image segmentation based fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm. J Theor Appl Info Technol 96(16):18","journal-title":"J Theor Appl Info Technol"},{"key":"3430_CR12","first-page":"279","volume-title":"International conference of reliable information and communication technology","author":"AA Alomoush","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alomoush AA, Alsewari AA, Alamri HS, Zamli KZ, Alomoush W, Younis MI (2019) Modified opposition based learning to improve harmony search variants exploration. In: International conference of reliable information and communication technology. Springer, Cham, pp 279\u2013287"},{"issue":"5","key":"3430_CR13","first-page":"599","volume":"32","author":"W Alomoush","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alomoush W, Omar K, Alrosan A, Alomari YM, Albashish D, Almomani A (2020) Firefly photinus search algorithm. J King Saud Univ-Comput Inf Sci 32(5):599\u2013607","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ-Comput Inf Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3430_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2343","DOI":"10.11591\/ijece.v11i3.pp2343-2349","volume":"11","author":"AA Alomoush","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alomoush AA, Alsewari ARA, Zamli KZ, Alrosan A, Alomoush W, Alissa K (2021a) Enhancing three variants of harmony search algorithm for continuous optimization problems. Int J Electr Comput Eng (IJECE) 11(3):2343\u20132349","journal-title":"Int J Electr Comput Eng (IJECE)"},{"issue":"5","key":"3430_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4050","DOI":"10.11591\/ijece.v11i5.pp4050-4058","volume":"11","author":"W Alomoush","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alomoush W, Alrosan A, Ammar Almomani KA, Khashan OA, Al-Nawasrah A (2021b) Spatial information of fuzzy clustering based mean best artificial bee colony algorithm for phantom brain image segmentation. Int J Electr Comput Eng (IJECE) 11(5):4050\u20134058","journal-title":"Int J Electr Comput Eng (IJECE)"},{"key":"3430_CR16","unstructured":"Alrosan A, Norwawi N (2017) Mean artificial bee colony optimization algorithm to improve fuzzy c-means clustering technique for gray image segmentation. PhD, Computer science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia"},{"key":"3430_CR17","unstructured":"Alrosan A, Norwawi N, Ismail W, Alomoush W (2014) Artificial bee colony based fuzzy clustering algorithms for MRI image segmentation. In: International conference on advances in computer science and electronics engineering\u2014CSEE, pp 225\u2013228"},{"issue":"2","key":"3430_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2021.015925","volume":"68","author":"A Alrosan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alrosan A, Alomoush W, Alswaitti M, Alissa K, Sahran S, Makhadmeh SN, Alieyan K (2021a) Automatic data clustering based mean best artificial bee colony algorithm. CMC-Comput Mater Continua 68(2):1575\u20131593","journal-title":"CMC-Comput Mater Continua"},{"issue":"5","key":"3430_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-05118-9","volume":"33","author":"A Alrosan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alrosan A, Alomoush W, Norwawi N, Alswaitti M, Makhadmeh SN (2021b) An improved artificial bee colony algorithm based on mean best-guided approach for continuous optimization problems and real brain MRI images segmentation. Neural Comput Appl 33(5):1671\u20131697","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"3430_CR20","unstructured":"BainWeb (2016) Simulated brain database Mcconnell Brain Imaging Centre Montreal Neurological Institute Mcgill University. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.bic.mni.mcgill.ca\/brainweb"},{"issue":"3","key":"3430_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-012-9318-2","volume":"41","author":"M Balafar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Balafar M (2014) Fuzzy C-mean based brain MRI segmentation algorithms. Artif Intell Rev 41(3):441\u2013449","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"3430_CR22","first-page":"37","volume-title":"International conference on computational intelligence, cyber security, and computational models","author":"K Banumalar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Banumalar K, Manikandan BV, Mahalingam SS (2017) Economic dispatch problem using clustered firefly algorithm for wind thermal power system. In: International conference on computational intelligence, cyber security, and computational models. Springer, Singapore, pp 37\u201346"},{"issue":"2","key":"3430_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1137\/0140029","volume":"40","author":"JC Bezdek","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bezdek JC, Coray C, Gunderson R, Watson J (1981) Detection and characterization of cluster substructure. I. Linear structure: Fuzzy c-lines. SIAM J Appl Math 40(2):339\u2013357","journal-title":"SIAM J Appl Math"},{"issue":"6","key":"3430_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-016-0863-z","volume":"10","author":"A Bose","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bose A, Mali K (2016) Fuzzy-based artificial bee colony optimization for gray image segmentation. Signal Image Video Process 10(6):1089\u20131096","journal-title":"Signal Image Video Process"},{"key":"3430_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-5828-8_62","volume-title":"Proceedings of first international conference on smart system, innovations and computing","author":"SS Chinta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chinta SS, Jain A, Tripathy BK (2018) Image segmentation using hybridized firefly algorithm and intuitionistic fuzzy C-Means. In: Proceedings of first international conference on smart system, innovations and computing. Springer, Singapore, pp 651\u2013659"},{"issue":"2","key":"3430_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10044-004-0218-1","volume":"7","author":"C-H Chou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chou C-H, Su M-C, Lai E (2004) A new cluster validity measure and its application to image compression. Pattern Anal Appl 7(2):205\u2013220","journal-title":"Pattern Anal Appl"},{"key":"3430_CR27","series-title":"Springer Tracts in Nature-Inspired Computing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0306-1","volume-title":"Applications of firefly algorithm and its variants","author":"N Dey","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dey N, Chaki J, Moraru L, Fong S, Yang XS (2020) Firefly algorithm and its variants in digital image processing: a comprehensive review. In: Dey N (ed) Applications of firefly algorithm and its variants. Springer Tracts in Nature-Inspired Computing, Springer, Singapore, pp 1\u201328"},{"key":"3430_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18839","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-020-08699-8","volume":"79","author":"N Dhanachandra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dhanachandra N, Chanu YJ (2020) An image segmentation approach based on fuzzy c-means and dynamic particle swarm optimization algorithm. Multimedia Tools Appl 79:18839\u201318858","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl"},{"issue":"4","key":"3430_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2006.329691","volume":"1","author":"M Dorigo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dorigo M, Birattari M, Stutzle T (2006) Ant colony optimization. IEEE Comput Intell Mag 1(4):28\u201339","journal-title":"IEEE Comput Intell Mag"},{"key":"3430_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fred AL, Kumar S, Padmanaban P, Gulyas B, Kumar HA (2020) Fuzzy-crow search optimization for medical image segmentation. In: Applications of hybrid metaheuristic algorithms for image processing, pp 413\u2013439","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-40977-7_18"},{"issue":"2","key":"3430_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1177\/003754970107600201","volume":"76","author":"ZW Geem","year":"2001","unstructured":"Geem ZW, Kim JH, Loganathan GV (2001) A new heuristic optimization algorithm: harmony search. SIMULATION 76(2):60\u201368","journal-title":"SIMULATION"},{"key":"3430_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2018.04.007","volume":"54","author":"P Ghosh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ghosh P, Mali K, Das SK (2018) Chaotic firefly algorithm-based fuzzy C-means algorithm for segmentation of brain tissues in magnetic resonance images. J vis Commun Image Represent 54:63\u201379","journal-title":"J vis Commun Image Represent"},{"key":"3430_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hancer E, Ozturk C, Karaboga D (2013) Extraction of brain tumors from MRI images with artificial bee colony based segmentation methodology. In 2013 8th International conference on electrical and electronics engineering (ELECO). IEEE, pp 516\u2013520","DOI":"10.1109\/ELECO.2013.6713896"},{"key":"3430_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2021.107348","volume":"229","author":"EH Houssein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Houssein EH, Hussain K, Abualigah L, Abd Elaziz M, Alomoush W, Dhiman G, Djenouri Y, Cuevas E (2021) An improved opposition-based marine predators algorithm for global optimization and multilevel thresholding image segmentation. Knowl-Based Syst 229:","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"3430_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0306-1_8","volume-title":"Applications of firefly algorithm and its variants","author":"K Jagatheesan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jagatheesan K, Anand B, Sen S, Samanta S (2020) Application of chaos-based firefly algorithm optimized controller for automatic generation control of two area interconnected power system with energy storage unit and UPFC. In: Applications of firefly algorithm and its variants. Springer, Singapore, pp 173\u2013191"},{"issue":"3","key":"3430_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10898-007-9149-x","volume":"39","author":"D Karaboga","year":"2007","unstructured":"Karaboga D, Basturk B (2007) A powerful and efficient algorithm for numerical function optimization: artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. J Global Optim 39(3):459\u2013471","journal-title":"J Global Optim"},{"key":"3430_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kennedy J, Eberhart R (1995) Particle swarm optimization. In: Proceedings of ICNN'95-international conference on neural networks. vol 4. IEEE, pp 1942\u20131948","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNN.1995.488968"},{"key":"3430_CR38","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Nature inspired optimization techniques for image processing applications","author":"SN Kumar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kumar SN, Fred AL, Kumar HA, Varghese PS (2019) Firefly optimization based improved fuzzy clustering for CT\/MR image segmentation. In: Nature inspired optimization techniques for image processing applications. Springer, Cham, pp 1\u201328"},{"key":"3430_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2019.112968","volume":"141","author":"RK Langari","year":"2020","unstructured":"Langari RK, Sardar S, Mousavi SAA, Radfar R (2020) Combined fuzzy clustering and firefly algorithm for privacy preserving in social networks. Exp Syst Appl 141:112968","journal-title":"Exp Syst Appl"},{"key":"3430_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin D, Fowlkes C, Tal D, Malik J (2001) A database of human segmented natural images and its application to evaluating segmentation algorithms and measuring ecological statistics. In: Proceedings eighth IEEE international conference on computer vision. ICCV 2001. vol 2. IEEE, pp 416\u2013423","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2001.937655"},{"issue":"9","key":"3430_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2009.01.011","volume":"42","author":"U Maulik","year":"2009","unstructured":"Maulik U, Saha I (2009) Modified differential evolution based fuzzy clustering for pixel classification in remote sensing imagery. Pattern Recogn 42(9):2135\u20132149","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn"},{"issue":"2","key":"3430_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2015.08.001","volume":"122","author":"A Mekhmoukh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mekhmoukh A, Mokrani K (2015) Improved Fuzzy C-Means based Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) initialization and outlier rejection with level set methods for MR brain image segmentation. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 122(2):266\u2013281","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"key":"3430_CR43","first-page":"133","volume":"2","author":"J Nayak","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nayak J, Naik B, Behera H (2015) Fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering algorithm: a decade review from 2000 to 2014. Comput Intell Data Min 2:133\u2013149","journal-title":"Comput Intell Data Min"},{"key":"3430_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Omran MG (2006) Particle swarm optimization methods for pattern recognition and image processing. Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-34956-3_6"},{"key":"3430_CR45","unstructured":"Omran M, Salman A, Engelbrecht A (2005) Dynamic clustering using particle swarm optimization with application in unsupervised image classification. In: Fifth world enformatika conference (ICCI 2005). Prague, Czech Republic, pp 199\u2013204"},{"issue":"4","key":"3430_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1007\/s10044-005-0015-5","volume":"8","author":"MG Omran","year":"2006","unstructured":"Omran MG, Salman A, Engelbrecht AP (2006) Dynamic clustering using particle swarm optimization with application in image segmentation. Pattern Anal Appl 8(4):332\u2013344","journal-title":"Pattern Anal Appl"},{"issue":"12","key":"3430_CR47","first-page":"65","volume":"4","author":"S Ouadfel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ouadfel S, Meshoul S (2012) Handling fuzzy image clustering with a modified ABC algorithm. Int J Intell Syst Appl 4(12):65","journal-title":"Int J Intell Syst Appl"},{"key":"3430_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2014.11.040","volume":"28","author":"C Ozturk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ozturk C, Hancer E, Karaboga D (2015a) Dynamic clustering with improved binary artificial bee colony algorithm. Appl Soft Comput 28:69\u201380","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"3430_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1007\/s10044-014-0365-y","volume":"18","author":"C Ozturk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ozturk C, Hancer E, Karaboga D (2015b) Improved clustering criterion for image clustering with artificial bee colony algorithm. Pattern Anal Appl 18(3):587\u2013599","journal-title":"Pattern Anal Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"3430_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2003.06.005","volume":"37","author":"MK Pakhira","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pakhira MK, Bandyopadhyay S, Maulik U (2004) Validity index for crisp and fuzzy clusters. Pattern Recogn 37(3):487\u2013501","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn"},{"key":"3430_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-1610-4_32","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International conference on data engineering and communication technology","author":"A Pant","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pant A, Chinta SS, Tripathy BK (2019) Comparative analysis of hybridized C-means and fuzzy firefly algorithms with application to image segmentation. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International conference on data engineering and communication technology. Springer, Singapore, pp 315\u2013323"},{"key":"3430_CR52","unstructured":"Rhee FCH, Hwang C (2001) A type-2 fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm. In: Proceedings joint 9th IFSA world congress and 20th NAFIPS international conference (Cat. No. 01TH8569). vol 4. IEEE, pp 1926\u20131929"},{"key":"3430_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saha S, Bandyopadhyay S (2007a) A fuzzy genetic clustering technique using a new symmetry based distance for automatic evolution of clusters. In: 2007 International conference on computing: theory and applications (ICCTA'07). IEEE, pp 309\u2013314","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCTA.2007.5"},{"key":"3430_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saha S, Bandyopadhyay S (2007b) MRI brain image segmentation by fuzzy symmetry based genetic clustering technique. In: 2007 IEEE congress on evolutionary computation. IEEE, pp 4417\u20134424","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2007.4425049"},{"issue":"19","key":"3430_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.06.013","volume":"179","author":"S Saha","year":"2009","unstructured":"Saha S, Bandyopadhyay S (2009) A new point symmetry based fuzzy genetic clustering technique for automatic evolution of clusters. Inf Sci 179(19):3230\u20133246","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3430_CR56","first-page":"149","volume":"1","author":"O Salima","year":"2012","unstructured":"Salima O, Taleb-Ahmed A, Mohamed B (2012) Spatial information based image clustering with a swarm approach. IAES Int J Artif Intell (IJ-AI) 1(3):149\u2013160","journal-title":"IAES Int J Artif Intell (IJ-AI)"},{"key":"3430_CR57","first-page":"33","volume":"2","author":"A Salman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Salman A, Omran M, Engelbrecht A (2005) SIGT: synthetic image generation tool for clustering algorithms. ICGST Int J Graph Vision Image Process (GVIP) 2:33\u201344","journal-title":"ICGST Int J Graph Vision Image Process (GVIP)"},{"key":"3430_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2017.06.007","volume":"64","author":"D S\u00e1nchez","year":"2017","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez D, Melin P, Castillo O (2017) Optimization of modular granular neural networks using a firefly algorithm for human recognition. Eng Appl Artif Intell 64:172\u2013186","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"3430_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-018-0762-y","author":"C Wan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wan C, Yuan X, Dai X, Zhang T, He Q (2018) A self-adaptive multi-objective harmony search based fuzzy clustering technique for image segmentation. J Ambient Intell Humanized Comput. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12652-018-0762-y","journal-title":"J Ambient Intell Humanized Comput"},{"key":"3430_CR60","volume-title":"Nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms","author":"X-S Yang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yang X-S (2008) Nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms. Luniver Press, Bristol"},{"key":"3430_CR61","first-page":"169","volume-title":"International symposium on stochastic algorithms","author":"XS Yang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yang XS (2009) Firefly algorithms for multimodal optimization. In: International symposium on stochastic algorithms. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 169\u2013178"},{"key":"3430_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84882-983-1_15","volume-title":"Research and development in intelligent systems XXVI","author":"XS Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang XS (2010a) Firefly algorithm, Levy flights and global optimization. In: Research and development in intelligent systems XXVI. Springer, London, pp 209\u2013218"},{"issue":"2","key":"3430_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1504\/ijbic.2010.032124","volume":"2","author":"XS Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang XS (2010b) Firefly algorithm, stochastic test functions and design optimisation. Int J Bio-Inspired Comput 2(2):78\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/ijbic.2010.032124","journal-title":"Int J Bio-Inspired Comput"},{"key":"3430_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12538-6_6","volume-title":"Nature inspired cooperative strategies for optimization (NICSO 2010)","author":"XS Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang XS (2010c) A new metaheuristic bat-inspired algorithm. In: Nature inspired cooperative strategies for optimization (NICSO 2010). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 65\u201374"},{"issue":"4","key":"3430_CR65","first-page":"330","volume":"1","author":"XS Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang XS, Deb S (2010) Engineering optimisation by cuckoo search. Int J Math Model Numer Optim 1(4):330\u2013343","journal-title":"Int J Math Model Numer Optim"},{"issue":"6","key":"3430_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-017-2916-9","volume":"23","author":"M Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang M, Jiang W, Zhou X, Xue Y, Chen S (2019) A hybrid biogeography-based optimization and fuzzy C-means algorithm for image segmentation. Soft Comput 23(6):2033\u20132046","journal-title":"Soft Comput"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03430-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03430-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03430-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T10:04:11Z","timestamp":1660817051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03430-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["3430"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03430-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-5137","1868-5145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-5137","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-5145","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}