{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:03:40Z","timestamp":1782187420010,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649721600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008083","name":"Xihua University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YCJJ2020019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YCJJ2020019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008083","name":"Xihua University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z202005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z202005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010031","name":"Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019M663475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019M663475"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010031","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Spring Plan of the Ministry of Education of China in 2018"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020JDRC0100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020JDRC0100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Ambient Intell Human Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-021-03655-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T03:37:11Z","timestamp":1649734631000},"page":"6273-6286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Blockchain-based conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme for vehicular ad hoc networks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9603-6929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9900-2978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingyu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianhua","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"3655_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/iThings-GreenCom-CPSCom-SmartData.2017.105","author":"HF Atlam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Atlam HF, Alenezi A, Alharthi A, Walters RJ, Wills GB (2017) Integration of cloud computing with internet of things: challenges and open issues. IEEE Int Conf Internet of Things (iThings) IEEE Green Comput Commun (GreenCom) IEEE Cyber Phys Soc Comput (CPSCom) IEEE Smart Data (SmartData). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iThings-GreenCom-CPSCom-SmartData.2017.105","journal-title":"IEEE Int Conf Internet of Things (iThings) IEEE Green Comput Commun (GreenCom) IEEE Cyber Phys Soc Comput (CPSCom) IEEE Smart Data (SmartData)"},{"issue":"9","key":"3655_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2016.2634623","volume":"18","author":"M Azees","year":"2017","unstructured":"Azees M, Vijayakumar P, Deboarh LJ (2017) Eaap: efficient anonymous authentication with conditional privacy-preserving scheme for vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst 18(9):2467\u20132476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TITS.2016.2634623","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst"},{"issue":"6","key":"3655_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2018.2811807","volume":"16","author":"Q Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen Q, Shi S, Li X, Qian C, Zhong S (2019) Sdn-based privacy preserving cross domain routing. IEEE Trans Dependable Secure Comput 16(6):930\u2013943. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TDSC.2018.2811807","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Dependable Secure Comput"},{"issue":"5","key":"3655_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3491","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2797206","volume":"5","author":"J Cui","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cui J, Wen J, Han S, Zhong H (2018) Efficient privacy-preserving scheme for real-time location data in vehicular ad-hoc network. IEEE Internet Things J 5(5):3491\u20133498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2797206","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"key":"3655_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2019.2946933","volume":"15","author":"J Cui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cui J, Zhang X, Zhong H, Zhang J, Liu L (2020) Extensible conditional privacy protection authentication scheme for secure vehicular networks in a multi-cloud environment. IEEE Trans Inf Forensics Secur 15:1654\u20131667. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TIFS.2019.2946933","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Forensics Secur"},{"key":"3655_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2018.10.020","volume":"126","author":"Q Feng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Feng Q, He D, Zeadally S, Khan MK, Kumar N (2019) A survey on privacy protection in blockchain system. J Netw Comput Appl 126:45\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnca.2018.10.020","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"issue":"12","key":"3655_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2681","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2015.2473820","volume":"10","author":"D He","year":"2015","unstructured":"He D, Zeadally S, Xu B, Huang X (2015) An efficient identity-based conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme for vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Trans Inf Forensics Secur 10(12):2681\u20132691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TIFS.2015.2473820","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Forensics Secur"},{"issue":"4","key":"3655_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2590","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2016.2544805","volume":"11","author":"D He","year":"2017","unstructured":"He D, Zeadally S, Kumar N, Lee JH (2017) Anonymous authentication for wireless body area networks with provable security. IEEE Syst J 11(4):2590\u20132601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSYST.2016.2544805","journal-title":"IEEE Syst J"},{"issue":"4","key":"3655_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2016.2596286","volume":"15","author":"D He","year":"2018","unstructured":"He D, Kumar N, Wang H, Wang L, Choo KKR, Vinel A (2018) A provably-secure cross-domain handshake scheme with symptoms-matching for mobile healthcare social network. IEEE Trans Dependable Secure Comput 15(4):633\u2013645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TDSC.2016.2596286","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Dependable Secure Comput"},{"issue":"7","key":"3655_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2011.2132790","volume":"99","author":"JB Kenney","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kenney JB (2011) Dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) standards in the United States. Proc IEEE 99(7):1162\u20131182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JPROC.2011.2132790","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"key":"3655_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2020.3002096","author":"C Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin C, He D, Huang X, Kumar N, Choo KKR (2020) Bcppa: a blockchain-based conditional privacy-preserving authentication protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TITS.2020.3002096","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"3655_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2018.2818888","volume":"20","author":"Z Lu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lu Z, Qu G, Liu Z (2019a) A survey on recent advances in vehicular network security, trust, and privacy. IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst 20(2):760\u2013776. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TITS.2018.2818888","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst"},{"issue":"12","key":"3655_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2792","DOI":"10.1109\/TVLSI.2019.2929420","volume":"27","author":"Z Lu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lu Z, Wang Q, Qu G, Zhang H, Liu Z (2019b) A blockchain-based privacy-preserving authentication scheme for vanets. IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr VLSI Syst 27(12):2792\u20132801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVLSI.2019.2929420","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr VLSI Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"3655_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s001450010003","volume":"13","author":"D Pointcheval","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pointcheval D, Stern J (2000) Security arguments for digital signatures and blind signatures. J Cryptol 13(3):361\u2013396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s001450010003","journal-title":"J Cryptol"},{"key":"3655_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24064","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2799007","volume":"6","author":"Z Qikun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qikun Z, Yong G, Quanxin Z, Ruifang W, Yu-An T (2018) A dynamic and cross-domain authentication asymmetric group key agreement in telemedicine application. IEEE Access 6:24064\u201324074. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2799007","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"4","key":"3655_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2015.2492981","volume":"17","author":"P Vijayakumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vijayakumar P, Azees M, Kannan A, Jegatha Deborah L (2016) Dual authentication and key management techniques for secure data transmission in vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst 17(4):1015\u20131028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TITS.2015.2492981","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst"},{"key":"3655_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSC.2018.00143","author":"W Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang W, Hu N, Liu X (2018) Blockcam: a blockchain-based cross-domain authentication model. IEEE Third Int Conf Data Sci Cyberspace (DSC). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/DSC.2018.00143","journal-title":"IEEE Third Int Conf Data Sci Cyberspace (DSC)"},{"key":"3655_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-020-00916-3","author":"S Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang S, Mao K, Zhan F, Liu D (2020) Hybrid conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme for vanets. Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12083-020-00916-3","journal-title":"Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"3655_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-019-01227-z","volume":"11","author":"XX Xinyang Deng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xinyang Deng XX, Gao T (2020) A location privacy protection scheme based on random encryption period for vsns. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 11(3):1351\u20131359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12652-019-01227-z","journal-title":"J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"3655_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2010.33","volume":"5","author":"J Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu J, Zhang D, Liu L, Li X (2012) Dynamic authentication for cross-realm soa-based business processes. IEEE Trans Serv Comput 5(1):20\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSC.2010.33","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Serv Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"3655_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3775","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2892009","volume":"6","author":"Y Yao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yao Y, Chang X, Mi\u0161i\u0107 J, Mi\u0161i\u0107 VB, Li L (2019) Bla: blockchain-assisted lightweight anonymous authentication for distributed vehicular fog services. IEEE Internet Things J 6(2):3775\u20133784. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2892009","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"issue":"12","key":"3655_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10626","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2017.2744182","volume":"66","author":"B Ying","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ying B, Nayak A (2017) Anonymous and lightweight authentication for secure vehicular networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 66(12):10626\u201310636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVT.2017.2744182","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Veh Technol"},{"key":"3655_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26307","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2834224","volume":"6","author":"L Zc","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zc L, Xiong L, Peng T, Peng DY, Liang HB (2018) A realistic distributed conditional privacy- preserving authentication scheme for vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Access 6:26307\u201326317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2834224","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"3655_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jisa.2020.102538","volume":"55","author":"H Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang H, Chen X, Lan X, Jin H, Cao Q (2020) Btcas: a blockchain-based thoroughly cross-domain authentication scheme. J Inf Secur Appl 55:102538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jisa.2020.102538","journal-title":"J Inf Secur Appl"},{"key":"3655_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117716","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2936575","volume":"7","author":"D Zheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zheng D, Jing C, Guo R, Gao S, Wang L (2019) A traceable blockchain-based access authentication system with privacy preservation in vanets. IEEE Access 7:117716\u2013117726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2936575","journal-title":"IEEE Access"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03655-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03655-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03655-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T12:04:08Z","timestamp":1684843448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03655-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["3655"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12652-021-03655-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-5137","1868-5145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-5137","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-5145","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 April 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}