{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T18:11:22Z","timestamp":1772907082307,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]],"date-time":"2018-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537747200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mach. Learn. & Cyber."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-018-0870-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]],"date-time":"2018-09-24T04:28:21Z","timestamp":1537763301000},"page":"2329-2340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Human activity recognition using mixture of heterogeneous features and sequential minimal optimization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Humza","family":"Naveed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gulraiz","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asad Ullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aiman","family":"Siddiqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Usman Ghani","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"870_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2013.11.007","volume":"6","author":"MM Moussa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moussa MM et al (2015) An enhanced method for human action recognition. J Adv Res 6(2):163\u2013169","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"870_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kolekar MH, Dash DP (2016) Hidden markov model based human activity recognition using shape and optical flow based features. In: Region 10 conference (TENCON) (2016 IEEE) IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/TENCON.2016.7848028"},{"key":"870_CR3","unstructured":"Yang J, Cheng J, Lu H, Human activity recognition based on the blob features. In: IEEE international conference on multimedia and expo, pp\u00a0358361, 2009"},{"key":"870_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niebles JC, Fei-Fei L (2007) A hierarchical model of shape and appearance for human action classification. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, 2007. CVPR\u201907. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383132"},{"issue":"2","key":"870_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/computers2020088","volume":"2","author":"S-R Ke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ke S-R et al (2013) A review on video-based human activity recognition. Computers 2(2):88\u2013131","journal-title":"Computers"},{"key":"870_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li W, Zhang Z, Liu Z (2010) Action recognition based on a bag of 3d points. In: 2010 IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW). IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2010.5543273"},{"issue":"11","key":"870_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2008.2005597","volume":"18","author":"W Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li W, Zhang Z, Liu Z (2008) Expandable data-driven graphical modeling of human actions based on salient postures. IEEE Trans Circ Syst Video Technol 18(11):1499\u20131510","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Circ Syst Video Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"870_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-012-0594-8","volume":"103","author":"H Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang H et al (2013) Dense trajectories and motion boundary descriptors for action recognition. Int J Comput Vis 103(1):60\u201379","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vis"},{"key":"870_CR9","unstructured":"Kellokumpu V, Pietik ainen M, Heikkila J (2005) Human activity recognition using sequences of postures. MVA, pp\u00a0570\u2013573"},{"key":"870_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang H, Schmid C (2013) Action recognition with improved trajectories. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2013.441"},{"key":"870_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schuldt C, Laptev I, Caputo B (2004) Recognizing human actions: a local SVM approach. In Proceedings of the 17th IEEE international conference on pattern recognition (ICPR), Cambridge, UK, 2326 August 2004; vol\u00a03, pp\u00a032\u201336","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2004.1334462"},{"key":"870_CR12","volume-title":"The nature of statistical learning theory","author":"V Vapnik","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vapnik V (1999) The nature of statistical learning theory. Springer, New York"},{"key":"870_CR13","unstructured":"Hoang LUT, Ke S, Hwang J, Tuan PV, Chau TN (2012) Quasi-periodic action recognition from monocular videos via 3D human models and cyclic HMMs. In: Proceedings of IEEE international conference on advanced technologies for communications (ATC), Hanoi, Vietnam, 1012 October 2012; pp\u00a0110\u2013113"},{"key":"870_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamato J, Ohya J, Ishii K ( 1992) Recognizing human action intime- sequential images using hidden markov model. In: IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp\u00a0379\u2013385","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1992.223161"},{"key":"870_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brand M, Oliver N, Pentland A (1997) Coupled hidden markov models for complex action recognition. In: Proceedings of IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), San Juan, PR, USA, 1719 June 1997; pp\u00a0994\u2013999","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1997.609450"},{"key":"870_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duong TV, Bui HH, Phung DQ, Venkatesh S (2005) Activity recognition and abnormality detection with the switching hidden semi-markov model. In: Proceedings of the IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), San Diego, CA, USA (2005) June 2005; vol 1, pp\u00a0838\u2013845","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.61"},{"key":"870_CR17","unstructured":"Fiaz MK, Ijaz B (2010) Vision based human activity tracking using artificial neural networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE international conference on intelligent and advanced systems (ICIAS), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1517 June 2010; pp\u00a015"},{"key":"870_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Umakanthan S, Denman S, Fookes C, Sridharan S (2014) Activity recognition using binary tree SVM. In: IEEE workshop on statistical signal processing, pp\u00a0248\u2013251","DOI":"10.1109\/SSP.2014.6884622"},{"key":"870_CR19","unstructured":"Platt J (1998) Sequential minimal optimization: a fast algorithm for training support vector machines. Technical Report MSR-TR-98-14, Microsoft Research"},{"key":"870_CR20","unstructured":"Kolekar MH, Sengupta S (2004) Hidden markov model based structuring of cricket video sequences using motion and color features. In: Indian conference on computer vision graphics and image processing, pp\u00a0632\u2013637"},{"key":"870_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thurau C, Hlavc V (2008) Pose primitive based human action recognition in videos or still images. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, 2008. CVPR 2008. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587721"},{"key":"870_CR22","unstructured":"Chen M, Hauptmann A (2009) MoSIFT: recognizing human actions in surveillance videos. In: CMU-CS-09-161, Carnegie Mellon University"},{"key":"870_CR23","unstructured":"Chathuramali KG, Manosha, Rodrigo R (2012) Faster human activity recognition with SVM. In: 2012 international conference on advances in ICT for emerging regions (ICTer). IEEE"},{"key":"870_CR24","unstructured":"Chathuramali KM, Rodrigo R (2012) Faster human activity recognition with SVM. In: International conference on advances in ICT for emerging regions, pp\u00a0197\u2013203"},{"key":"870_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2017.02.028","volume":"68","author":"L Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu L, Wang S, Su G, Huang ZG, Liu M (2017) Towards complex activity recognition using a Bayesian network-based probabilistic generative framework. Pattern Recogn 68:295\u2013309","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn"},{"key":"870_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brendel W, Fern A, Todorovic S. Probabilistic event logic for interval-based event recognition. In: 2011 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR) 2011 Jun 20, pp\u00a03329\u20133336. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995491"},{"key":"870_CR27","first-page":"187198","volume":"16","author":"HA Abdul-Azim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdul-Azim HA, Hemayed EE (2015) Human action recognition using trajectory-based representation. Egypt Inform J 16:187198","journal-title":"Egypt Inform J"},{"issue":"6","key":"870_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2013.01.013","volume":"117","author":"JM Chaquet","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chaquet JM, Enrique J, Carmona, Fernndez-Caballero A (2013) A survey of video datasets for human action and activity recognition. Comput Vis Image Underst 117(6):633\u2013659","journal-title":"Comput Vis Image Underst"},{"key":"870_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilbert A, Illingworth J, Bowden R (2008) Scale invariant action recognition using compound features mined from dense spatio-temporal corners. In: European conference on computer vision. Springer, Berlin","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-88682-2_18"},{"key":"870_CR30","unstructured":"Uemura H, Ishikawa S, Mikolajczyk K. Feature tracking and motion compensation for action recognition. In: Proc. of BMVA british machine vision conference"},{"key":"870_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schuldt C, Laptev I, Caputo B (2004) Recognizing human actions: a local SVM approach. In: proceedings of the 17th international conference on pattern recognition, 2004. ICPR 2004, vol\u00a03. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2004.1334462"},{"key":"870_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilbert A, Illingworth J, Bowden R (2009) Fast realistic multi-action recognition using mined dense spatio-temporal features. In: 2009 IEEE 12th international conference on computer vision. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459335"},{"issue":"12","key":"870_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.70711","volume":"29","author":"L Gorelick","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gorelick L et al (2007) Actions as space-time shapes. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 29(12):2247\u20132253","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"issue":"1","key":"870_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1177\/1420326X12469734","volume":"22","author":"Md Uddin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Uddin Md, Zia et al (2013) An indoor human activity recognition system for smart home using local binary pattern features with hidden markov models. Indoor Built Environ 22(1):289\u2013298","journal-title":"Indoor Built Environ"},{"key":"870_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mattivi R, Shao L (2009) Human action recognition using LBP-TOP as sparse spatio-temporal feature descriptor. In: International conference on computer analysis of images and patterns. Springer, Berlin","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-03767-2_90"},{"issue":"5","key":"870_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-009-0233-8","volume":"22","author":"V Kellokumpu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kellokumpu V, Zhao G, Pietikinen M (2011) Recognition of human actions using texture descriptors. Mach Vis Appl 22(5):767\u2013780","journal-title":"Mach Vis Appl"},{"issue":"9","key":"870_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3180","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2009.2019636","volume":"47","author":"L Bruzzone","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bruzzone L, Persello C (2009) A novel approach to the selection of spatially invariant features for the classification of hyperspectral images with improved generalization capability. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 47(9):3180\u20133191","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"870_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joachims T. Training linear SVMs in linear time. In: Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGKDD international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining. ACM, 2006","DOI":"10.1145\/1150402.1150429"},{"key":"870_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blank M et al (2005) Actions as space-time shapes. In: Tenth IEEE international conference on computer vision, ICCV 2005, vol 2. IEEE, 2005","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2005.28"},{"key":"870_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schindler K, Van Gool L (2008) Action snippets: how many frames does human action recognition require?. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, 2008. CVPR 2008. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587730"},{"key":"870_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jhuang H et al (2007) A biologically inspired system for action recognition. In: IEEE 11th international conference on computer vision, ICCV 2007. IEEE, 2007","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4408988"},{"key":"870_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fathi A, Mori G (2008) Action recognition by learning mid-level motion features. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, 2008. CVPR 2008. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587735"},{"key":"870_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klaser A, Marszaek M, Schmid C (2008) A spatio-temporal descriptor based on 3D-gradients. In: BMVC","DOI":"10.5244\/C.22.99"},{"key":"870_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laptev I, Marszalek M, Schmid C, Rozenfeld B (2008) Learning realistic human actions from movies. In: IEEE CVPR","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587756"},{"key":"870_CR45","first-page":"187198","volume":"16","author":"HA Abdul-Azim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdul-Azim HA, Hemayed EE (2015) Human action recognitionusing trajectory-based representation. Egypt Inform J 16:187198","journal-title":"Egypt Inform J"},{"issue":"1","key":"870_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.59","volume":"35","author":"S Ji","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ji S, Xu W, Yang M, Yu K (2013) 3D convolutional neural networks for human action recognition. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 35(1):221\u2013231","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"870_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raja K, Laptev I, Perez P, Oisel L (2011) Joint pose estimation and action recognition in image graphs. In: International conference on image processing, Brussels, Belgium, Sept. 2011, pp\u00a02528","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2011.6116197"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-018-0870-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13042-018-0870-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-018-0870-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T20:39:10Z","timestamp":1752007150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13042-018-0870-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["870"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13042-018-0870-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-8071","1868-808X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-8071","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-808X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 August 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}