{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T04:17:09Z","timestamp":1772338629493,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11701258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11701258"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61379021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61379021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11871259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11871259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61602415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61602415"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mach. Learn. & Cyber."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-019-01022-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,30]],"date-time":"2019-10-30T17:57:12Z","timestamp":1572458232000},"page":"643-656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Granular matrix-based knowledge reductions of formal fuzzy contexts"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yidong","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7552-5555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinjin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anhui","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1022_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-59830-2","volume-title":"Formal concept analysis","author":"B Ganter","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ganter B, Wille R (1999) Formal concept analysis. Springer, Berlin"},{"key":"1022_CR2","first-page":"445","volume-title":"Restructuring lattice theory: an approach based on hierarchies of concepts, Ordered sets","author":"R Wille","year":"1982","unstructured":"Wille R (1982) Restructuring lattice theory: an approach based on hierarchies of concepts, Ordered sets. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 445\u2013470"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"1022_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/09528130210164161","volume":"14","author":"R Wille","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wille R (2002) Why can concept lattices support knowledge discovery in databases? J Exp Theor Artif Intell 14(2\u20133):81\u201392","journal-title":"J Exp Theor Artif Intell"},{"key":"1022_CR4","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Formal concept analysis","author":"R Will","year":"2005","unstructured":"Will R (2005) Formal concept analysis as mathematical theory of concepts and concept hierarchies. In: Ganter B et al (eds) Formal concept analysis. Springer, Berlin, pp 1\u201333"},{"issue":"1","key":"1022_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dam.2004.02.016","volume":"144","author":"A Berry","year":"2004","unstructured":"Berry A, Sigayret A (2004) Representing a concept lattice by a graph. Discrete Appl Math 144(1):27\u201342","journal-title":"Discrete Appl Math"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"1022_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/09528130210164170","volume":"14","author":"SO Kuznetsov","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kuznetsov SO, Obiedkov SA (2002) Comparing performance of algorithms for generating concept lattices. J Exp Theor Artif Intell 14(2\u20133):189\u2013216","journal-title":"J Exp Theor Artif Intell"},{"issue":"20","key":"1022_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2015.04.044","volume":"42","author":"SM Dias","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dias SM, Vieira NJ (2015) Concept lattices reduction: definition, analysis and classification. Expert Syst Appl 42(20):7084\u20137097","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1022_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2017.02.037","volume":"396","author":"SM Dias","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dias SM, Vieira NJ (2017) A methodology for analysis of concept lattice reduction. Inf Sci 396:202\u2013217","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1022_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2009.09.026","volume":"37","author":"CA Kumar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kumar CA, Srinivas S (2010) Concept lattice reduction using fuzzy K-means clustering. Expert Syst Appl 37(3):2696\u20132704","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1022_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.11.003","volume":"93","author":"F Kardos\u0306","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kardos\u0306 F, P\u00f3cs J, P\u00f3csov\u00e1 J (2016) On concept reduction based on some graph properties. Knowl Based Syst 93:67\u201374","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"1022_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/11663081.2015.1039857","volume":"25","author":"PK Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh PK, Gani A (2015) Fuzzy concept lattice reduction using Shannon entropy and Huffman coding. J Appl Non-Classical Logics 25(2):101\u2013119","journal-title":"J Appl Non-Classical Logics"},{"issue":"6","key":"1022_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1360\/122004-104","volume":"48","author":"WX Zhang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang WX, Wei L, Qi JJ (2005) Attribute reduction theory and approach to concept lattice. Sci China Ser F Inf Sci 48(6):713\u2013726","journal-title":"Sci China Ser F Inf Sci"},{"key":"1022_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matcom.2014.08.004","volume":"109","author":"CA Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar CA, Dias SM, Vieira NJ (2015) Knowledge reduction in formal contexts using non-negative matrix factorization. Math Comput Simul 109:46\u201363","journal-title":"Math Comput Simul"},{"key":"1022_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60840-2_37","volume-title":"Rough Sets","author":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9 Ben\u00edtez-Caballero","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ben\u00edtez-Caballero MJ, Medina J, Ram\u00edrez-Poussa E (2017) Attribute reduction in rough set theory and formal concept analysis. In: International joint conference on rough sets. Springer, Cham, pp 513\u2013525"},{"key":"1022_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.02.039","volume":"148","author":"JK Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen JK, Mi JS, Lin YJ (2018) A graph approach for knowledge reduction in formal contexts. Knowl Based Syst 148:177\u2013188","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"1022_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2010.12.060","volume":"61","author":"JH Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li JH, Mei CL, Lv YJ (2011) A heuristic knowledge-reduction method for decision formal contexts. Comput Math Appl 61(4):1096\u20131106","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"key":"1022_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.11.041","volume":"189","author":"JH Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li JH, Mei CL, Lv YJ (2012) Knowledge reduction in real decision formal contexts. Inf Sci 189:191\u2013207","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"1022_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-013-0150-z","volume":"4","author":"JH Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li JH, Mei CL, Kumar CA, Zhang X (2013) On rule acquisition in decision formal contexts. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 4(6):721\u2013731","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"issue":"1","key":"1022_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-17909","volume":"34","author":"LL Shi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shi LL, Yang HL (2018) Object granular reduction of fuzzy formal contexts. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 34(1):633\u2013644","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"10","key":"1022_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2008.223","volume":"21","author":"WZ Wu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wu WZ, Leung Y, Mi JS (2009) Granular computing and knowledge reduction in formal contexts. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 21(10):1461\u20131474","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng"},{"issue":"7","key":"1022_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-008-0067-4","volume":"51","author":"L Wei","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wei L, Qi JJ, Zhang WX (2008) Attribute reduction theory of concept lattice based on decision formal contexts. Sci China Ser F Inf Sci 51(7):910\u2013923","journal-title":"Sci China Ser F Inf Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1022_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/03081079.2011.634410","volume":"41","author":"JH Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li JH, Mei CL, Lv YJ (2012) Knowledge reduction in formal decision contexts based on an order-preserving mapping. Int J Gen Syst 41(2):143\u2013161","journal-title":"Int J Gen Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"1022_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2012.07.005","volume":"54","author":"JH Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li JH, Mei CL, Lv YJ (2013) Incomplete decision contexts: approximate concept construction, rule acquisition and knowledge reduction. Int J Approx Reason 54(1):149\u2013165","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"1","key":"1022_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.04.011","volume":"55","author":"MW Shao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shao MW, Leung Y, Wu WZ (2014) Rule acquisition and complexity reduction in formal decision contexts. Int J Approx Reason 55(1):259\u2013274","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"3","key":"1022_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(98)00182-1","volume":"114","author":"A Burusco","year":"2000","unstructured":"Burusco A (2000) Fuentes-Gonz\u00e1lez R. Concept lattices defined from implication operators. Fuzzy Sets Syst 114(3):431\u2013436","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"1022_CR26","first-page":"521","volume":"13","author":"S Kraj\u010di","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kraj\u010di S (2003) Cluster based efficient generation of fuzzy concepts. Neural Netw World 13(5):521\u2013530","journal-title":"Neural Netw World"},{"issue":"3","key":"1022_CR27","first-page":"497","volume":"4","author":"SB Yahia","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yahia SB, Arour K, Slimani A, Jaoua A (2000) Discovery of compact rules in relational databases. Inf Sci J 4(3):497\u2013511","journal-title":"Inf Sci J"},{"issue":"22","key":"1022_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2007.05.031","volume":"177","author":"WX Zhang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhang WX, Ma JM, Fan SQ (2007) Variable threshold concept lattices. Inf Sci 177(22):4883\u20134892","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"1022_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2010.03.006","volume":"23","author":"LF Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li LF, Zhang JK (2010) Attribute reduction in fuzzy concept lattices based on the T implication. Knowl Based Syst 23(6):497\u2013503","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"6","key":"1022_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4139","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-171697","volume":"34","author":"H Mao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mao H, Miao HR (2018) Attribute reduction based on directed graph in formal fuzzy contexts. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 34(6):4139\u20134148","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"1022_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-015-0485-8","volume":"8","author":"KW Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li KW, Shao MW, Wu WZ (2017) A data reduction method in formal fuzzy contexts. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 8(4):1145\u20131155","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"key":"1022_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2014.10.008","volume":"73","author":"MW Shao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shao MW, Yang HZ, Wu WZ (2015) Knowledge reduction in formal fuzzy contexts. Knowl Based Syst 73:265\u2013275","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1022_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.10.010","volume":"114","author":"MW Shao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shao MW, Leung Y, Wang YXZ, Wu WZ (2016) Granular reducts of formal fuzzy contexts. Knowl Based Syst 114:156\u2013166","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"1022_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-014-0313-6","volume":"8","author":"PK Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh PK, Cherukuri AK, Li JH (2017) Concepts reduction in formal concept analysis with fuzzy setting using Shannon entropy. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 8(1):179\u2013189","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"issue":"1","key":"1022_CR35","first-page":"1","volume":"8","author":"LF Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li LF (2016) Multi-level interval-valued fuzzy concept lattices and their attribute reduction. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 8(1):1\u201312","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"issue":"11","key":"1022_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-018-0857-y","volume":"9","author":"XL He","year":"2018","unstructured":"He XL, Wei L, She YH (2018) L-fuzzy concept analysis for three-way decisions: basic definitions and fuzzy inference mechanisms. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 9(11):1857\u20131867","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"key":"1022_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.10.021","volume":"260","author":"R Belohlavek","year":"2014","unstructured":"Belohlavek R, De Baets B, Konecny J (2014) Granularity of attributes in formal concept analysis. Inf Sci 260:149\u2013170","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1022_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.07.024","volume":"91","author":"JH Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li JH, Ren Y, Mei CL, Yang XB (2016) A comparative study of multigranulation rough sets and concept lattices via rule acquisition. Knowl Based Syst 91:152\u2013164","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1022_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2014.03.006","volume":"65","author":"MW Shao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shao MW, Leung Y (2014) Relations between granular reduct and dominance reduct in formal contexts. Knowl Based Syst 65:1\u201311","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1022_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.05.035","volume":"158","author":"M Trnecka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Trnecka M, Trneckova M (2018) Data reduction for Boolean matrix factorization algorithms based on formal concept analysis. Knowl Based Syst 158:75\u201380","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1022_CR41","volume-title":"Learning spaces: interdisciplinary applied mathematics","author":"JC Falmagne","year":"2010","unstructured":"Falmagne JC, Doignon JP (2010) Learning spaces: interdisciplinary applied mathematics. Springer Science and Business Media, New York"},{"key":"1022_CR42","first-page":"427","volume-title":"Knowledge spaces and formal concept analysis. Data analysis and information systems","author":"A Rusch","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rusch A, Wille R (1996) Knowledge spaces and formal concept analysis. Data analysis and information systems. Springer, Berlin, pp 427\u2013436"},{"key":"1022_CR43","unstructured":"UCI Machine Learning Repository. \nhttp:\/\/archive.ics.uci.edu\/ml\/datasets.html"},{"key":"1022_CR44","unstructured":"Scikit-feature selection repository. \nhttp:\/\/featureselection.asu.edu\/index.php#myCarousel"},{"issue":"6","key":"1022_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.14311\/NNW.2016.26.035","volume":"26","author":"CC Huang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huang CC, Li JH, Dias SH (2016) Attribute significance, consistency measure and attribute reduction in formal concept analysis. Neural Netw World 26(6):607\u2013623","journal-title":"Neural Netw World"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-019-01022-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13042-019-01022-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-019-01022-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T23:34:27Z","timestamp":1602200067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13042-019-01022-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["1022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13042-019-01022-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-8071","1868-808X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-8071","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-808X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 December 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 October 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}