{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T02:10:20Z","timestamp":1768788620739,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11947041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11947041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11971211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11971211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mach. Learn. &amp; Cyber."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-020-01082-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T13:02:28Z","timestamp":1581771748000},"page":"973-987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Complex network analysis of three-way decision researches"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Bo","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5206-9304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinhai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1082_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2018.04.001","volume":"98","author":"MK Afridi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Afridi MK, Azam N, Yao JT, Alanazi E (2018) A three-way clustering approach for handling missing data using GTRS. Int J Approx Reason 98:11\u201324","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socnet.2004.11.008","volume":"27","author":"SP Borgatti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Borgatti SP (2005) Centrality and network flow. Soc Netw 27(1):55\u201371","journal-title":"Soc Netw"},{"issue":"1\u20137","key":"1082_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7552(98)00110-X","volume":"30","author":"S Brin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brin S, Page L (1998) The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual web search engine. Comput Netw ISDN Syst 30(1\u20137):107\u2013117","journal-title":"Comput Netw ISDN Syst"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"1082_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3233\/FI-2011-424","volume":"108","author":"D Ciucci","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ciucci D (2011) Orthopairs: A simple and widely used way to model uncertainty. Fundamenta Informaticae 108(3\u20134):287\u2013304","journal-title":"Fundamenta Informaticae"},{"key":"1082_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.04.022","volume":"279","author":"XF Deng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Deng XF, Yao YY (2014) Decision-theoretic three-way approximations of fuzzy sets. Inf Sci 279:702\u2013715","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2017.06.032","volume":"415","author":"C Hao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hao C, Li JH, Fan M, Liu WQ, Tsang ECC (2017) Optimal scale selection in dynamic multi-scale decision tables based on sequential three-way decisions. Inf Sci 415:213\u2013232","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"1082_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2008.10.043","volume":"57","author":"JP Herbert","year":"2009","unstructured":"Herbert JP, Yao JT (2009) Criteria for choosing a rough set model. Comput Math Appl 57(6):908\u2013918","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"1082_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3233\/FI-2011-423","volume":"108","author":"JP Herbert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Herbert JP, Yao JT (2011) Game-theoretic rough sets. Fundam Inf 108(3\u20134):267\u2013286","journal-title":"Fundam Inf"},{"key":"1082_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.05.015","volume":"281","author":"BQ Hu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hu BQ (2014) Three-way decisions space and three-way decisions. Inf Sci 281:21\u201352","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.01.036","volume":"98","author":"BQ Hu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu BQ, Wong H, Yiu MFC (2016) The aggregation of multiple three-way decision spaces. Knowl Based Syst 98:241\u2013249","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2016.12.007","volume":"82","author":"BQ Hu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hu BQ, Wong H, Yiu KFC (2017) On two novel types of three-way decisions in three-way decision spaces. Int J Approx Reason 82:285\u2013306","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.09.026","volume":"91","author":"BQ Hu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu BQ (2016) Three-way decision spaces based on partially ordered sets and three-way decisions based on hesitant fuzzy sets. Knowl Based Syst 91:16\u201331","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2017.01.009","volume":"83","author":"CC Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang CC, Li JH, Mei CL, Wu WZ (2017) Three-way concept learning based on cognitive operators: an information fusion viewpoint. Int J Approx Reason 83:218\u2013242","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"4","key":"1082_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1007\/s40815-017-0320-3","volume":"20","author":"JH Hu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hu JH, Yang Y, Chen XH (2018) A novel TODIM method-based three-way decision model for medical treatment selection. Int J Fuzzy Syst 20(4):1240\u20131255","journal-title":"Int J Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia XY, Zheng K, Li WW, Liu TT, Shang L (2012) Three-way decisions solution to filter spam email: an empirical study. In: International conference on rough sets and current trends in computing, pp 287\u2013296","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-32115-3_34"},{"key":"1082_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2012.07.010","volume":"219","author":"XY Jia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jia XY, Liao WH, Tang ZM, Shang L (2013) Minimum cost attribute reduction in decision-theoretic rough set models. Inf Sci 219:151\u2013167","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.02.010","volume":"55","author":"XY Jia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jia XY, Tang ZM, Liao WH, Shang L (2014) On an optimization representation of decision-theoretic rough set model. Int J Approx Reason 55(1):156\u2013166","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2019.07.010","volume":"113","author":"XY Jia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jia XY, Deng Z, Min F, Dun Liu D (2019) Three-way decisions based feature fusion for Chinese irony detection. Int J Approx Reason 113:324\u2013335","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.08.022","volume":"163","author":"HR Ju","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ju HR, Pedrycz W, Li HX, Ding WP, Yang XB, Zhou XZ (2019) Sequential three-way classifier with justifiable granularity. Knowl Based Syst 163:103\u2013119","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"1082_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1145\/324133.324140","volume":"46","author":"JM Kleinberg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kleinberg JM (1999) Authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment. J ACM 46(5):604\u2013632","journal-title":"J ACM"},{"key":"1082_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2017.04.030","volume":"406","author":"GM Lang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lang GM, Miao DQ, Cai MJ (2017) Three-way decision approaches to conflict analysis using decision-theoretic rough set theory. Inf Sci 406:185\u2013207","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"1082_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.03.014","volume":"54","author":"DC Liang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liang DC, Liu D, Pedrycz Witold, Hu Pei (2013) Triangular fuzzy decision-theoretic rough sets. Int J Approx Reason 54(8):1087\u20131106","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2015.01.008","volume":"29","author":"DC Liang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liang DC, Pedrycz W, Liu D, Hu P (2015) Three-way decisions based on decision-theoretic rough sets under linguistic assessment with the aid of group decision making. Appl Soft Comput 29:256\u2013269","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"1082_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2014.2310495","volume":"23","author":"DC Liang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liang DC, Liu D (2015) A novel risk decision making based on decision-theoretic rough sets under hesitant fuzzy information. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 23(2):237\u2013247","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.12.036","volume":"300","author":"DC Liang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liang DC, Liu D (2015) Deriving three-way decisions from intuitionistic fuzzy decision-theoretic rough sets. Inf Sci 300:28\u201348","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.065","volume":"345","author":"DC Liang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liang DC, Liu D, Kobina A (2016) Three-way group decisions with decision-theoretic rough sets. Inf Sci 345:46\u201364","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"1082_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2016.2632745","volume":"25","author":"DC Liang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liang DC, Xu ZS, Liu D (2017) A new aggregation method-based error analysis for decision-theoretic rough sets and its application in hesitant fuzzy information systems. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 25(6):1685\u20131697","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.09.039","volume":"375","author":"DC Liang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liang DC, Xu ZS, Liu D (2017) Three-way decisions with intuitionistic fuzzy decision-theoretic rough sets based on point operators. Inf Sci 375:183\u2013201","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2018.01.015","volume":"435","author":"DC Liang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liang DC, Xu ZS, Liu D, Wu Y (2018) Method for three-way decisions using ideal TOPSIS solutions at Pythagorean fuzzy information. Inf Sci 435:282\u2013295","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/18756891.2011.9727759","volume":"4","author":"HX Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li HX, Zhou XZ (2011) Risk decision making based on decision-theoretic rough set: a three-way view decision model. Int J Comput Intell Syst 4(1):1\u201311","journal-title":"Int J Comput Intell Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.07.040","volume":"91","author":"HX Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li HX, Zhang LB, Huang B, Zhou XZ (2016) Sequential three-way decision and granulation for cost-sensitive face recognition. Knowl Based Syst 91:241\u2013251","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2017.03.008","volume":"85","author":"HX Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li HX, Zhang LB, Zhou XZ, Huang B (2017) Cost-sensitive sequential three-way decision modeling using a deep neural network. Int J Approx Reason 85:68\u201378","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2012.07.005","volume":"54","author":"JH Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li JH, Mei CL, Lv YJ (2013) Incomplete decision contexts: approximate concept construction, rule acquisition and knowledge reduction. Int J Approx Reason 54(1):149\u2013165","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.04.051","volume":"378","author":"JH Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li JH, Huang CC, Qi JJ, Qian YH, Liu WQ (2017) Three-way cognitive concept learning via multi-granularity. Inf Sci 378:244\u2013263","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.10.010","volume":"91","author":"MZ Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li MZ, Wang GY (2016) Approximate concept construction with three-way decisions and attribute reduction in incomplete contexts. Knowl Based Syst 91:165\u2013178","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"7","key":"1082_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2008.236","volume":"21","author":"P Lingras","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lingras P, Chen M, Miao DQ (2008) Rough cluster quality index based on decision theory. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 21(7):1014\u20131026","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"1082_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-171275","volume":"34","author":"CH Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu CH, Pedrycz W, Jiang F, Wang MZ (2018) Decision-theoretic rough set approaches to multi-covering approximation spaces based on fuzzy probability measure. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 34(3):1917\u20131931","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"17","key":"1082_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.04.039","volume":"181","author":"D Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu D, Li TR, Ruan D (2011) Probabilistic model criteria with decision-theoretic rough sets. Inf Sci 181(17):3709\u20133722","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218488512400090","volume":"20","author":"D Liu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu D, Li TR, Liang DC (2012) Three-way government decision analysis with decision-theoretic rough sets. Int J Uncertain Fuzziness Knowl Based Syst 20:119\u2013132","journal-title":"Int J Uncertain Fuzziness Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.02.013","volume":"55","author":"D Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu D, Li TR, Liang DC (2014) Incorporating logistic regression to decision-theoretic rough sets for classifications. Int J Approx Reason 55(1):197\u2013210","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.07.036","volume":"91","author":"D Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu D, Liang DC, Wang CC (2016) A novel three-way decision model based on incomplete information system. Knowl Based Syst 91:32\u201345","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2017.09.025","volume":"137","author":"D Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu D, Liang DC (2017) Three-way decisions in ordered decision system. Knowl Based Syst 137:182\u2013195","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.05.010","volume":"495","author":"JB Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu JB, Li HX, Zhou XZ, Huang B, Wang TX (2019) An optimization-based formulation for three-way decisions. Inf Sci 495:185\u2013214","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2019.08.003","volume":"114","author":"XN Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li XN (2019) Three-way fuzzy matroids and granular computing. Int J Approx Reason 114:44\u201350","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"5","key":"1082_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-7051(00)00088-5","volume":"13","author":"YF Li","year":"2000","unstructured":"Li YF, Zhang CQ, Swan Jason R (2000) An information filtering model on the web and its application in JobAgent. Knowl Based Syst 13(5):285\u2013296","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li W, Miao DQ, Wang WL, Zhang N (2010) Hierarchical rough decision theoretic framework for text classification. In: IEEE international conference on cognitive informatics, pp 484\u2013489","DOI":"10.1109\/COGINF.2010.5599692"},{"issue":"22","key":"1082_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.07.010","volume":"181","author":"F Min","year":"2011","unstructured":"Min F, He HP, Qian YH, Zhu W (2011) Test-cost-sensitive attribute reduction. Inf Sci 181(22):4928\u20134942","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.09.037","volume":"374","author":"M Nauman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nauman M, Azam N, Jingtao Yao JT (2016) A three-way decision making approach to malware analysis using probabilistic rough sets. Inf Sci 374:193\u2013209","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"23","key":"1082_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8577","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601602103","volume":"103","author":"M Newman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Newman M (2006) Modularity and community structure in networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci 103(23):8577\u20138582","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198805090.001.0001","volume-title":"Networks","author":"M Newman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Newman M (2018) Networks. Oxford University Press, New York"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80032-4","volume":"29","author":"Z Pawlak","year":"1988","unstructured":"Pawlak Z, Wong SK, Ziarko W (1988) Rough sets: probabilistic versus deterministic approach. Int J Man Mach Stud 29(1):81\u201395","journal-title":"Int J Man Mach Stud"},{"issue":"3","key":"1082_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4379(81)90023-5","volume":"6","author":"Z Pawlak","year":"1981","unstructured":"Pawlak Z (1981) Information systems theoretical foundations. Inf Syst 6(3):205\u2013218","journal-title":"Inf Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1109\/3477.658584","volume":"28","author":"W Pedrycz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pedrycz W (1998) Shadowed sets: representing and processing fuzzy sets. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part B Cybern 28(1):103\u2013109","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part B Cybern"},{"key":"1082_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.07.021","volume":"91","author":"JF Peters","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peters JF, Ramanna S (2016) Proximal three-way decisions: theory and applications in social networks. Knowl Based Syst 91:4\u201315","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.08.006","volume":"91","author":"JJ Qi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Qi JJ, Qian T, Wei L (2016) The connections between three-way and classical concept lattices. Knowl Based Syst 91:143\u2013151","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2017.03.009","volume":"85","author":"J Qian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qian J, Dang CY, Yue XD, Zhang N (2017) Attribute reduction for sequential three-way decisions under dynamic granulation. Int J Approx Reason 85:196\u2013216","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2018.12.007","volume":"105","author":"J Qian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qian J, Liu CH, Yue XD (2019) Multigranulation sequential three-way decisions based on multiple thresholds. Int J Approx Reason 105:396\u2013416","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"6","key":"1082_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.11.023","volume":"180","author":"YH Qian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Qian YH, Liang JY, Yao YY, Dang CY (2010) MGRS: a multi-granulation rough set. Inf Sci 180(6):949\u2013970","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.03.004","volume":"55","author":"YH Qian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Qian YH, Zhang H, Sang YL, Liang JY (2014) Multigranulation decision-theoretic rough sets. Int J Approx Reason 55(1):225\u2013237","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.10.033","volume":"116","author":"T Qian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qian T, Wei L, Qi JJ (2017) Constructing three-way concept lattices based on apposition and subposition of formal contexts. Knowl Based Syst 116:39\u201348","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"19","key":"1082_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9477","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-019-03799-6","volume":"23","author":"T Qian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qian T, Wei L, Qi JJ (2019) A theoretical study on the object (property) oriented concept lattices based on three-way decisions. Soft Comput 23(19):9477\u20139489","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"1082_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2017.12.005","volume":"432","author":"JS Qiao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qiao JS, Hu BQ (2018) On transformations from semi-three-way decision spaces to three-way decision spaces based on triangular norms and triangular conorms. Inf Sci 432:22\u201351","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.01.045","volume":"99","author":"RS Ren","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ren RS, Wei L (2016) The attribute reductions of three-way concept lattices. Knowl Based Syst 99:92\u2013102","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"11","key":"1082_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-017-0743-z","volume":"9","author":"RS Ren","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ren RS, Wei L, Yao YY (2018) An analysis of three types of partially-known formal concepts. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 9(11):1767\u20131783","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"issue":"2","key":"1082_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.2478\/v10006-012-0035-4","volume":"22","author":"K Simi\u0144ski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simi\u0144ski K (2012) Neuro-rough-fuzzy approach for regression modelling from missing data. Int J Appl Math Comput Sci 22(2):461\u2013476","journal-title":"Int J Appl Math Comput Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2016.11.001","volume":"81","author":"BZ Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun BZ, Ma WM, Xiao X (2017) Three-way group decision making based on multigranulation fuzzy decision-theoretic rough set over two universes. Int J Approx Reason 81:87\u2013102","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.05.080","volume":"507","author":"BZ Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun BZ, Chen XT, Zhang LY, Ma WM (2020) Three-way decision making approach to conflict analysis and resolution using probabilistic rough set over two universes. Inf Sci 507:809\u2013822","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1082_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1137\/0201010","volume":"1","author":"R Tarjan","year":"1972","unstructured":"Tarjan R (1972) Depth-first search and linear graph algorithms. SIAM J Comput 1(2):146\u2013160","journal-title":"SIAM J Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR69","first-page":"67","volume":"4","author":"V Umadevi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Umadevi V (2013) Case study\u2014centrality measure analysis on co-authorship network. J Glob Res Comput Sci 4(1):67\u201370","journal-title":"J Glob Res Comput Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"1082_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-018-0901-y","volume":"10","author":"PX Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang PX, Shi H, Yang XB, Mi JS (2019) Three-way k-means: integrating k-means and three-way decision. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 10(10):2767\u20132777","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"key":"1082_CR71","volume-title":"Network science: an introduction","author":"XF Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang XF, Li X, Chen GR (2012) Network science: an introduction. Higher Education Press, Beijing"},{"issue":"3","key":"1082_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(87)90135-7","volume":"21","author":"SKM Wong","year":"1987","unstructured":"Wong SKM, Ziarko W (1987) Comparison of the probabilistic approximate classification and the fuzzy set model. Fuzzy Sets Syst 21(3):357\u2013362","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.05.021","volume":"105","author":"WH Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu WH, Guo YT (2016) Generalized multigranulation double-quantitative decision-theoretic rough set. Knowl Based Syst 105:190\u2013205","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2017.07.031","volume":"134","author":"X Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang X, Li TR, Fujita H, Liu D, Yao YY (2017) A unified model of sequential three-way decisions and multilevel incremental processing. Knowl Based Syst 134:172\u2013188","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"1082_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3233\/FI-2012-647","volume":"115","author":"XP Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang XP, Yao JT (2012) Modelling multi-agent three-way decisions with decision-theoretic rough sets. Fundam Inf 115(2\u20133):157\u2013171","journal-title":"Fundam Inf"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2014.2360548","volume":"23","author":"JT Yao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yao JT, Azam N (2015) Web-based medical decision support systems for three-way medical decision making with game-theoretic rough sets. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 23(1):3\u201315","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"6","key":"1082_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7373(92)90069-W","volume":"37","author":"YY Yao","year":"1992","unstructured":"Yao YY, Wong SKM (1992) A decision theoretic framework for approximating concepts. Int J Man Mach Stud 37(6):793\u2013809","journal-title":"Int J Man Mach Stud"},{"issue":"5","key":"1082_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0394.00253","volume":"20","author":"YY Yao","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yao YY (2003) Probabilistic approaches to rough sets. Expert Syst 20(5):287\u2013297","journal-title":"Expert Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2007.05.019","volume":"49","author":"YY Yao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yao YY (2008) Probabilistic approcah to rough set. Int J Approx Reason 49:255\u2013271","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"17","key":"1082_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2008.05.010","volume":"178","author":"YY Yao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yao YY, Zhao Y (2008) Attribute reduction in decision-theoretic rough set models. Inf Sci 178(17):3356\u20133373","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02962-2_81","volume-title":"International conference on rough sets and knowledge technology","author":"YY Yao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yao YY (2009) Three-way decision: an interpretation of rules in rough set theory. International conference on rough sets and knowledge technology. Springer, Berlin, pp 642\u2013649"},{"issue":"3","key":"1082_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.09.021","volume":"180","author":"YY Yao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yao YY (2010) Three-way decisions with probabilistic rough sets. Inf Sci 180(3):341\u2013353","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR83","unstructured":"Yao YY, Deng XF (2011) Sequential three-way decisions with probabilistic rough sets. In: IEEE 10th international conference on cognitive informatics and cognitive computing, pp 120\u2013125"},{"issue":"6","key":"1082_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2010.11.019","volume":"181","author":"YY Yao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yao YY (2011) The superiority of three-way decisions in probabilistic rough set models. Inf Sci 181(6):1080\u20131096","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-32115-3","volume-title":"International conference on rough sets and current trends in computing","author":"YY Yao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yao YY (2012) An outline of a theory of three-way decisions. International conference on rough sets and current trends in computing. Springer, Berlin, pp 1\u201317"},{"key":"1082_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao YY (2013) Granular computing and sequential three-way decisions. In: International conference on rough sets and knowledge technology. Springer, Berlin, pp 16\u201327","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-41299-8_3"},{"issue":"4","key":"1082_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s12559-016-9397-5","volume":"8","author":"YY Yao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yao YY (2016) Three-way decisions and cognitive computing. Cogn Comput 8(4):543\u2013554","journal-title":"Cogn Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-016-0568-1","volume":"8","author":"YY Yao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yao YY (2017) Interval sets and three-way concept analysis in incomplete contexts. Int J Mach Learn Cybern 8(1):3\u201320","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"key":"1082_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2018.09.005","volume":"103","author":"YY Yao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yao YY (2018) Three-way decision and granular computing. Int J Approx Reason 103:107\u2013123","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2019.05.016","volume":"180","author":"YY Yao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yao YY (2019) Three-way conflict analysis: reformulations and extensions of the Pawlak model. Knowl Based Syst 180:26\u201337","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2019.11.002","volume":"116","author":"YY Yao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yao YY (2020) Three-way granular computing, rough sets, and formal concept analysis. Int J Approx Reason 116:106\u2013125","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-019-01040-2","author":"YY Yao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yao YY (2020) Tri-level thinking: models of three-way decision. Int J Mach Learn Cybern. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13042-019-01040-2","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Cybern"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.03.018","volume":"55","author":"H Yu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yu H, Liu ZG, Wang GY (2014) An automatic method to determine the number of clusters using decision-theoretic rough set. Int J Approx Reason 55(1):101\u2013115","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.05.028","volume":"91","author":"H Yu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu H, Zhang C, Wang GY (2016) A tree-based incremental overlapping clustering method using the three-way decision theory. Knowl Based Syst 91:189\u2013203","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.08.087","volume":"373","author":"H Yu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu H, Jiao P, Yao YY, Wang GY (2016) Detecting and refining overlapping regions in complex networks with three-way decisions. Inf Sci 373:21\u201341","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.02.007","volume":"146","author":"HY Yu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yu HY, Li QG, Cai MJ (2018) Characteristics of three-way concept lattices and three-way rough concept lattices. Knowl Based Syst 146:181\u2013189","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"1082_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","volume":"8","author":"LA Zadeh","year":"1965","unstructured":"Zadeh LA (1965) Fuzzy sets. Inf Control 8(3):338\u2013353","journal-title":"Inf Control"},{"key":"1082_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.06.019","volume":"91","author":"HR Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang HR, Min F (2016) Three-way recommender systems based on random forests. Knowl Based Syst 91:275\u2013286","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.03.019","volume":"378","author":"HR Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang HR, Min F, Shi B (2017) Regression-based three-way recommendation. Inf Sci 378:444\u2013461","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.03.061","volume":"507","author":"LB Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang LB, Li HX, Zhou XZ, Huang B (2020) Sequential three-way decision based on multi-granular autoencoder features. Inf Sci 507:630\u2013643","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2016.06.001","volume":"77","author":"QH Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang QH, Zhang Q, Wang GY (2016) The uncertainty of probabilistic rough sets in multi-granulation spaces. Int J Approx Reason 77:38\u201354","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.06.020","volume":"159","author":"QH Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang QH, Xie Q, Wang GY (2018) A novel three-way decision model with decision-theoretic rough sets using utility theory. Knowl Based Syst 159:321\u2013335","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2017.11.026","volume":"142","author":"QH Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang QH, Lv GX, Chen YH, Wang GY (2018) A dynamic three-way decision model based on the updating of attribute values. Knowl Based Syst 142:71\u201384","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2018.10.051","volume":"507","author":"QH Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang QH, Xia DY, Liu KX, Wang GY (2020) A general model of decision-theoretic three-way approximations of fuzzy sets based on a heuristic algorithm. Inf Sci 507:522\u2013539","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2017.06.008","volume":"88","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang XY, Miao DQ (2017) Three-way attribute reducts. Int J Approx Reason 88:401\u2013434","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2019.11.003","volume":"117","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang XY, Tang X, Yang JL, Lv ZY (2020) Quantitative three-way class-specific attribute reducts based on region preservations. Int J Approx Reason 117:96\u2013121","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2018.06.001","volume":"507","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang XY, Yang JL, Tang LY (2020) Three-way class-specific attribute reducts from the information viewpoint. Inf Sci 507:840\u2013872","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2016.11.005","volume":"81","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Yao JT (2017) Gini objective functions for three-way classifications. Int J Approx Reason 81:103\u2013114","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"1082_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.09.018","volume":"91","author":"XR Zhao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhao XR, Hu BQ (2016) Fuzzy probabilistic rough sets and their corresponding three-way decisions. Knowl Based Syst 91:126\u2013142","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1082_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.02.032","volume":"485","author":"HL Zhi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhi HL, Jinhai Li JH (2019) Granule description based knowledge discovery from incomplete formal contexts via necessary attribute analysis. Inf Sci 485:347\u2013361","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1082_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2019.08.010","volume":"114","author":"HL Zhi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhi HL, Qi JJ, Qian T, Wei L (2019) Three-way dual concept analysis. Int J Approx Reason 114:151\u2013165","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s10844-013-0254-7","volume":"42","author":"B Zhou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhou B, Yao YY, Luo JG (2014) Cost-sensitive three-way email spam filtering. J Intell Inf Syst 42(1):19\u201345","journal-title":"J Intell Inf Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.04.006","volume":"55","author":"B Zhou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhou B (2014) Multi-class decision-theoretic rough sets. Int J Approx Reason 55(1):211\u2013224","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"issue":"1","key":"1082_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0000(93)90048-2","volume":"46","author":"W Ziarko","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ziarko W (1993) Variable precision rough set model. J Comput Syst Sci 46(1):39\u201359","journal-title":"J Comput Syst Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1082_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2007.06.014","volume":"49","author":"W Ziarko","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ziarko W (2008) Probabilistic approach to rough sets. Int J Approx Reason 49(2):272\u2013284","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-020-01082-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13042-020-01082-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-020-01082-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,14]],"date-time":"2021-02-14T09:54:33Z","timestamp":1613296473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13042-020-01082-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1082"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13042-020-01082-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-8071","1868-808X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-8071","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-808X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 January 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 February 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}