{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T18:28:52Z","timestamp":1775068132490,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618704000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62076159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62076159"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61673251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61673251"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mach. Learn. & Cyber."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-021-01322-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T15:02:18Z","timestamp":1618758138000},"page":"2431-2442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Investigations of butterfly species identification from images in natural environments"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6540-4397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juanying","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yinyuan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhaozhong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shengquan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Phil W.","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1322_CR1","unstructured":"Chou, I (1998) Classification and identification of Chinese butterflies. Zhengzhou, China."},{"key":"1322_CR2","unstructured":"CCDM2018:The third China data mining competition (the first international butterfly recognition competition (2018). URL http:\/\/ccdm2018.sdufe.edu.cn\/info\/1012\/1072.htm"},{"key":"1322_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Vetter S, Vos R (2018) Image analysis for taxonomic identification of Javanese butterflies. bioRxiv pre-print bioRxiv: 408146","DOI":"10.1101\/408146"},{"issue":"5","key":"1322_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.01.061","volume":"28","author":"M Espeland","year":"2018","unstructured":"Espeland M, Breinholt J et al (2018) A comprehensive and dated phylogenomic analysis of butterflies. Curr Biol 28(5):770-778.e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2018.01.061","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"1322_CR5","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Information technology in biomedicine","author":"\u017b Garczyk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Garczyk \u017b, Stach S et al (2018) Segmentation of three-dimensional images of the butterfly wing surface. In: Pietka E, Badura P, Kawa J, Wieclawek W (eds) Information technology in biomedicine. Springer, Poland, pp 111\u2013121"},{"issue":"2","key":"1322_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e563","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.563","volume":"2","author":"A Hernandez-Serna","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hernandez-Serna A, Jimenez-Segura L (2014) Automatic identification of species with neural networks. PeerJ 2(2):e563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.563","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"1322_CR7","unstructured":"He, K et al (2018) Deep residual learning for image recognition. In: Proceedings of the 29th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, pp 770\u2013778"},{"key":"1322_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Horn G, Aodha O et al (2018) The iNaturalist species classification and detection dataset. In Proceedings of the 31st Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, pp 8769\u20138778","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00914"},{"issue":"3","key":"1322_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aspen.2012.03.006","volume":"15","author":"S Kang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kang S, Song S, Lee S (2012) Identification of butterfly species with a single neural network system. J Asia-Pacific Entomol 15(3):431\u2013435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aspen.2012.03.006","journal-title":"J Asia-Pacific Entomol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1322_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aspen.2013.12.004","volume":"17","author":"S Kang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kang S, Cho J, Lee S (2014) Identification of butterfly based on their shapes when viewed from different angles using an artificial neural network. J Asia-Pacific Entomol 17(2):143\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aspen.2013.12.004","journal-title":"J Asia-Pacific Entomol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1322_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-013-0782-8","volume":"30","author":"Y Kaya","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kaya Y, Kayci L (2014) Application of artificial neural network for automatic detection of butterfly species using color and texture features. Visual Comp 30(1):71\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00371-013-0782-8","journal-title":"Visual Comp"},{"issue":"2","key":"1322_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1080\/0952813X.2013.861875","volume":"26","author":"Y Kaya","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kaya Y, Kayci L et al (2014) Evaluation of texture features for automatic detecting butterfly species using extreme learning machine. J Exp Theor Artif Intell 26(2):267\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0952813X.2013.861875","journal-title":"J Exp Theor Artif Intell"},{"key":"1322_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2014.11.046","volume":"28","author":"Y Kaya","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaya Y, Kayci L, Uyar M (2015) Automatic identification of butterfly species based on local binary patterns and artificial neural network. Appl Soft Comp J 28:132\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2014.11.046","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comp J"},{"issue":"50","key":"1322_CR14","first-page":"127","volume":"15","author":"D Kartika","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kartika D, Herumurti D, Yuniarti A (2018) Local binary pattern method and feature shape extraction for detecting butterfly image. Int J Geomate 15(50):127\u2013133","journal-title":"Int J Geomate"},{"key":"1322_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10602-1_48","volume-title":"Computer vision\u2013ECCV 2014, 13rd ECCV","author":"T Lin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lin T et al (2014) Microsoft COCO: common objects in context. In: Fleet D, Pajdla T, Schiele B, Tuytelaars T (eds) Computer vision\u2013ECCV 2014, 13rd ECCV. Springer, Switzerland, pp 740\u2013755"},{"key":"1322_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu W, Anguelov D et al (2016) SSD: single shot multibox detector. In: Leibe B, Matas J, Sebe N, Welling M (eds) Computer Vision\u2013ECCV 2016. 14th ECCV. Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp 21\u201337","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46448-0_2"},{"key":"1322_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin T, Doll\u00e1r P et al (2017) Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detection. In: Proceedings of the 30th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, pp 936\u2013944","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.106"},{"key":"1322_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01264-9_45","volume-title":"Computer vision\u2013ECCV 2018, 15th ECCV","author":"H Law","year":"2018","unstructured":"Law H, Deng J (2018) Cornernet: Detecting objects as paired keypoints. In: Ferrari V, Hebert M, Sminchisescu C, Weiss Y (eds) Computer vision\u2013ECCV 2018, 15th ECCV. Springer, Germany, pp 765\u2013781"},{"issue":"11","key":"1322_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-017-1426-1","volume":"34","author":"F Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li F, Xiong Y (2018) Automatic identification of butterfly species based on HoMSC and GLCMoIB. Vis Comp 34(11):1525\u20131533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00371-017-1426-1","journal-title":"Vis Comp"},{"issue":"2","key":"1322_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2858826","volume":"42","author":"T Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin T, Goyal P et al (2020) Focal loss for dense object detection. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 42(2):318\u2013327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2858826","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"1322_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang B et al (2020) Butterfly detection and classification based on integrated YOLO algorithm. In: Pan J, Lin J, Liang Y, Chu S (eds) Genetic and Evolutionary Computing. 13rd ICGEC. Dalian, China, pp 500\u2013512","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-3308-2_55"},{"issue":"6","key":"1322_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2577031","volume":"39","author":"S Ren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ren S, He K et al (2017) Faster R-CNN: towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 39(6):1137\u20131149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2577031","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"1322_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Redmon J, Farhadi A (2017) YOLO9000: better, faster, stronger. In: Proceedings of the 30th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, pp 6517\u20136525","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.690"},{"key":"1322_CR24","unstructured":"Redmon J, Farhadi A (2018) Yolov3: An incremental improvement. arXiv pre-print"},{"issue":"1","key":"1322_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2011.10.003","volume":"111","author":"J Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang J et al (2012) The identification of butterfly families using content-based image retrieval. Biosys Eng 111(1):24\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2011.10.003","journal-title":"Biosys Eng"},{"issue":"8","key":"1322_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.7544\/issn1000-1239.2018.20180181","volume":"55","author":"J Xie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xie J, Hou Q et al (2018) The automatic identification of butterfly species. J Comp Res Dev 55(8):1609\u20131618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7544\/issn1000-1239.2018.20180181","journal-title":"J Comp Res Dev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1322_CR27","first-page":"265","volume":"4","author":"J Xie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xie J et al (2019) A dataset of butterfly ecological images for automatic species identification. China Sci Data 4(3):265","journal-title":"China Sci Data"},{"issue":"5","key":"1322_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"47","author":"J Xie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xie J, Liu R (2019) The study progress of object detection algorithms based on deep learning. J Shaanxi Normal Univ (Natural Science Edition) 47(5):1\u20139","journal-title":"J Shaanxi Normal Univ (Natural Science Edition)"},{"key":"1322_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou X, Zhuo J, Kr\u00e4henb\u00fchl P (2019) Bottom-up object detection by grouping extreme and center points. In Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition(CVPR). IEEE, pp 850\u2013859","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00094"},{"key":"1322_CR30","unstructured":"Zhou X, Wang D, Kr\u00e4henb\u00fchl P (2019) Objects as points. arXiv pre-print."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-021-01322-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13042-021-01322-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-021-01322-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T02:30:47Z","timestamp":1626143447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13042-021-01322-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13042-021-01322-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-8071","1868-808X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-8071","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-808X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 March 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 April 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}