{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T18:42:17Z","timestamp":1775068937153,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Province Ordinary University Characteristic Innovation Project","award":["2023WTSCX084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023WTSCX084"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Province Philosophy and Social Science Plan Youth Project","award":["GD23YYS30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GD23YYS30"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2024A04J9971"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A04J9971"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mach. Learn. &amp; Cyber."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-025-02536-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T14:06:10Z","timestamp":1738159570000},"page":"4685-4710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Artificial intelligence in landscape architecture: a survey"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wensheng","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Qidi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2536_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2017.03.001","volume":"24","author":"S Abar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abar S, Theodoropoulos GK, Lemarinier P, O\u2019Hare GM (2017) Agent based modelling and simulation tools: a review of the state-of-art software. Comput Sci Rev 24:13\u201333","journal-title":"Comput Sci Rev"},{"key":"2536_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2014.2339736","volume":"22","author":"O Abdel-Hamid","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abdel-Hamid O, Mohamed AR, Jiang H, Deng L, Penn G, Yu D (2014) Convolutional neural networks for speech recognition. IEEE\/ACM Trans Audio Speech Lang Process 22:1533\u20131545","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans Audio Speech Lang Process"},{"key":"2536_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.101","volume":"2","author":"H Abdi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abdi H, Williams LJ (2010) Principal component analysis. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Comput Stat 2:433\u2013459","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Comput Stat"},{"key":"2536_CR4","unstructured":"Ahmad AM, Aliyu AA (2012) The need for landscape information modelling (LIM) in landscape architecture. In: the 13th Digital Landscape Architecture Conference, Citeseer. pp. 531\u2013540"},{"key":"2536_CR5","first-page":"351","volume":"6","author":"TM Amabile","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amabile TM (2020) Creativity, artificial intelligence, and a world of surprises. Acad Manag Discov 6:351\u2013354","journal-title":"Acad Manag Discov"},{"key":"2536_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000127","volume":"11","author":"S Azhar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Azhar S (2011) Building information modeling (BIM): trends, benefits, risks, and challenges for the AEC industry. Leadersh Manag Eng 11:241\u2013252","journal-title":"Leadersh Manag Eng"},{"key":"2536_CR7","volume":"4","author":"A Barcaui","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barcaui A, Monat A (2023) Who is better in project planning? Generative artificial intelligence or project managers? Proj Lead Soc 4:100101","journal-title":"Proj Lead Soc"},{"key":"2536_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-008-0001-3","volume":"1","author":"C Bartneck","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bartneck C, Kuli\u0107 D, Croft E, Zoghbi S (2009) Measurement instruments for the anthropomorphism, animacy, likeability, perceived intelligence, and perceived safety of robots. Int J Soc Robot 1:71\u201381","journal-title":"Int J Soc Robot"},{"key":"2536_CR9","unstructured":"Beresford M, Phillips A (2000) Protected landscapes: a conservation model for the 21st century. In: The George Wright Forum, JSTOR. pp. 15\u201326"},{"key":"2536_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2046(97)00091-1","volume":"40","author":"SD Bergen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bergen SD, McGaughey RJ, Fridley JL (1998) Data-driven simulation, dimensional accuracy and realism in a landscape visualization tool. Landsc Urban Plan 40:283\u2013293","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"2536_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borkowski A, \u0141uczkiewicz N (2023) Landscape information model (LIM): a case study of o\u0142tarzew park in o\u017car\u00f3w mazowiecki municipality. Budownictwo i Architektura 22","DOI":"10.35784\/bud-arch.3547"},{"key":"2536_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2004.01.011","volume":"176","author":"F Bousquet","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bousquet F, Le Page C (2004) Multi-agent simulations and ecosystem management: a review. Ecol Model 176:313\u2013332","journal-title":"Ecol Model"},{"key":"2536_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","volume":"45","author":"L Breiman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Breiman L (2001) Random forests. Mach Learn 45:5\u201332","journal-title":"Mach Learn"},{"key":"2536_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315139470","volume-title":"Classification and regression trees","author":"L Breiman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Breiman L (2017) Classification and regression trees. Routledge"},{"key":"2536_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1177\/1468794106058877","volume":"6","author":"A Bryman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bryman A (2006) Integrating quantitative and qualitative research: how is it done? Qual Res 6:97\u2013113","journal-title":"Qual Res"},{"key":"2536_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buckley K, Cooke S, Fayad S (2015) Using the historic urban landscape to re-imagine ballarat: the local context. In: Urban heritage, development and sustainability. Routledge, pp. 93\u2013113","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315728018-6"},{"key":"2536_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buhalis D, Amaranggana A (2015) Smart tourism destinations enhancing tourism experience through personalisation of services. In: Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism : the International Conference, Springer. pp. 377\u2013389","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-14343-9_28"},{"key":"2536_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.3390\/geosciences8070244","volume":"8","author":"D Buscombe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buscombe D, Ritchie AC (2018) Landscape classification with deep neural networks. Geosciences 8:244","journal-title":"Geosciences"},{"key":"2536_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2021.107324","volume":"260","author":"E Bwambale","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bwambale E, Abagale FK, Anornu GK (2022) Smart irrigation monitoring and control strategies for improving water use efficiency in precision agriculture: A review. Agric Water Manag 260:107324","journal-title":"Agric Water Manag"},{"key":"2536_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s40494-021-00558-5","volume":"9","author":"Z Cai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cai Z, Fang C, Zhang Q, Chen F (2021) Joint development of cultural heritage protection and tourism: the case of mount Lushan cultural landscape heritage site. Herit Sci 9:86","journal-title":"Herit Sci"},{"key":"2536_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cantrell B, Zhang Z, Liu X (2021) Artificial intelligence and machine learning in landscape architecture. In: The Routledge companion to artificial intelligence in architecture. Routledge, pp. 232\u2013247","DOI":"10.4324\/9780367824259-15"},{"key":"2536_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1080\/13527259708722186","volume":"3","author":"B Carter","year":"1997","unstructured":"Carter B, Grimwade G (1997) Balancing use and preservation in cultural heritage management. Int J Herit Stud 3:45\u201353","journal-title":"Int J Herit Stud"},{"key":"2536_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1961189.1961199","volume":"2","author":"CC Chang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chang CC, Lin CJ (2011) LIBSVM: a library for support vector machines. ACM Trans Intell Syst Technol 2:1\u201327","journal-title":"ACM Trans Intell Syst Technol"},{"key":"2536_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-018-1318-8","volume":"2019","author":"J Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen J, Wang C, Tong Y (2019) AtiCNet: semantic segmentation with atrous spatial pyramid pooling in image cascade network. J Wirel Commun Netw 2019:1\u20137","journal-title":"J Wirel Commun Netw"},{"key":"2536_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.3390\/land13020254","volume":"13","author":"R Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen R, Zhao J, Yao X, He Y, Li Y, Lian Z, Han Z, Yi X, Li H (2024) Enhancing urban landscape design: a GAN-based approach for rapid color rendering of park sketches. Land 13:254","journal-title":"Land"},{"key":"2536_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen Z, Gan W, Sun J, Wu J, Yu PS (2024) Open metaverse: Issues, evolution, and future. In: Companion Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference, pp. 1351\u20131360","DOI":"10.1145\/3589335.3651898"},{"key":"2536_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chourabi H, Nam T, Walker S, Gil-Garcia JR, Mellouli S, Nahon K, Pardo TA, Scholl HJ (2012) Understanding smart cities: an integrative framework. In: The 45th International Conference on System Sciences, IEEE. pp. 2289\u20132297","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2012.615"},{"key":"2536_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.13256","volume":"10","author":"S Christin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Christin S, Hervet \u00c9, Lecomte N (2019) Applications for deep learning in ecology. Methods Ecol Evol 10:1632\u20131644","journal-title":"Methods Ecol Evol"},{"key":"2536_CR29","first-page":"2493","volume":"12","author":"R Collobert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Collobert R, Weston J, Bottou L, Karlen M, Kavukcuoglu K, Kuksa P (2011) Natural language processing (almost) from scratch. J Mach Learn Res 12:2493\u20132537","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"2536_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3368\/lj.23.2.102","volume":"23","author":"G Cranz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cranz G, Boland M (2004) Defining the sustainable park: a fifth model for urban parks. Landsc J 23:102\u2013120","journal-title":"Landsc J"},{"key":"2536_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.1890\/07-0539.1","volume":"88","author":"DR Cutler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cutler DR, Edwards TC Jr, Beard KH, Cutler A, Hess KT, Gibson J, Lawler JJ (2007) Random forests for classification in ecology. Ecology 88:2783\u20132792","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"2536_CR32","volume-title":"Visualising Ballarat-past, present, future","author":"P Dahlhaus","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dahlhaus P, Thompson H (2014) Visualising Ballarat-past, present, future. Federation University Australia"},{"key":"2536_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.08.045","volume":"372","author":"JF De Paz","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Paz JF, Bajo J, Rodr\u00edguez S, Villarrubia G, Corchado JM (2016) Intelligent system for lighting control in smart cities. Inf Sci 372:241\u2013255","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"2536_CR34","unstructured":"Devlin J, Chang M, Lee K, Toutanova K (2019) BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. In: The Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp. 4171\u20134186"},{"key":"2536_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28573","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2831228","volume":"6","author":"A Dorri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dorri A, Kanhere SS, Jurdak R (2018) Multi-agent systems: a survey. IEEE Access 6:28573\u201328593","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2536_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubey A, Naik N, Parikh D, Raskar R, Hidalgo CA (2016) Deep learning the city: Quantifying urban perception at a global scale. In: Computer Vision\u2013ECCV, Springer. pp. 196\u2013212","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46448-0_12"},{"key":"2536_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dzhusupova R, Bosch J, Olsson HH (2022) Challenges in developing and deploying ai in the engineering, procurement and construction industry. In: IEEE 46th Annual Computers, Software, and Applications Conference, IEEE. pp. 1070\u20131075","DOI":"10.1109\/COMPSAC54236.2022.00167"},{"key":"2536_CR38","unstructured":"Eastman C, David F, Gilles L, Joseph L, Douglas S, Christos Y (1974) An outline of the building description system. Research Report No. 50. Institute of Physical Planning, Carnegie-Mellon University"},{"key":"2536_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2022.826737","volume":"5","author":"D Elliott","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elliott D, Soifer E (2022) AI technologies, privacy, and security. Front Artif Intell 5:826737","journal-title":"Front Artif Intell"},{"key":"2536_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4625","DOI":"10.3390\/su12114625","volume":"12","author":"D Esposito","year":"2020","unstructured":"Esposito D, Santoro S, Camarda D (2020) Agent-based analysis of urban spaces using space syntax and spatial cognition approaches: a case study in Bari, Italy. Sustainability 12:4625","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"2536_CR41","volume-title":"Multi-agent systems: an introduction to distributed artificial intelligence","author":"J Ferber","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ferber J, Weiss G (1999) Multi-agent systems: an introduction to distributed artificial intelligence, vol 1. Addison-Wesley, Reading"},{"key":"2536_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2018.01.009","volume":"145","author":"KP Ferentinos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ferentinos KP (2018) Deep learning models for plant disease detection and diagnosis. Comput Electron Agric 145:311\u2013318","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"2536_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-2046(94)90051-5","volume":"30","author":"SW Filor","year":"1994","unstructured":"Filor SW (1994) The nature of landscape design and design process. Landsc Urban Plan 30:121\u2013129","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"2536_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16309","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-023-09134-4","volume":"27","author":"W Fu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fu W (2023) Enhancing university campus landscape design through regression analysis: Integrating ecological environmental protection. Soft Comput 27:16309\u201316329","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"2536_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1080\/09640560701475188","volume":"50","author":"N Gallent","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gallent N, Shaw D (2007) Spatial planning, area action plans and the rural-urban fringe. J Environ Plan Manag 50:617\u2013638","journal-title":"J Environ Plan Manag"},{"key":"2536_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.1216","volume":"7","author":"W Gan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gan W, Lin JCW, Chao HC, Zhan J (2017) Data mining in distributed environment: a survey. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Data Min Knowl Discov 7:e1216","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Data Min Knowl Discov"},{"key":"2536_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2019.2896267","volume":"50","author":"W Gan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gan W, Lin JCW, Fournier-Viger P, Chao HC, Yu PS (2020) HUOPM: high-utility occupancy pattern mining. IEEE Trans Cybern 50:1195\u20131208","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"key":"2536_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gan W, Ye Z, Wan S, Yu PS (2023) Web 3.0: the future of internet. In: Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference, pp. 1266\u20131275","DOI":"10.1145\/3543873.3587583"},{"key":"2536_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2046(02)00064-6","volume":"60","author":"D Gazvoda","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gazvoda D (2002) Characteristics of modern landscape architecture and its education. Landsc Urban Plan 60:117\u2013133","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"issue":"5","key":"2536_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.22215\/timreview\/1076","volume":"7","author":"F Giones","year":"2017","unstructured":"Giones F, Brem A (2017) Digital technology entrepreneurship: a definition and research agenda. Technol Innov Manag Rev 7(5): 44\u201351","journal-title":"Technol Innov Manag Rev"},{"key":"2536_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2018.09.040","volume":"155","author":"A Goap","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goap A, Sharma D, Shukla AK, Krishna CR (2018) An IoT based smart irrigation management system using machine learning and open source technologies. Comput Electron Agric 155:41\u201349","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"2536_CR52","unstructured":"Goodfellow I, Pouget-Abadie J, Mirza M, Xu B, Warde-Farley D, Ozair S, Courville A, Bengio Y (2014) Generative adversarial nets. In: Advances in neural information processing systems. vol  27, pp 1\u20139"},{"key":"2536_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graves A, Mohamed Ar, Hinton G (2013) Speech recognition with deep recurrent neural networks. In: IEEE International Conference on Acoustics. IEEE, Speech and Signal Processing, pp 6645\u20136649","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6638947"},{"key":"2536_CR54","first-page":"152","volume-title":"The nature of human intelligence","author":"JP Guilford","year":"1967","unstructured":"Guilford JP (1967) The nature of human intelligence. McGrawHill, p 152"},{"key":"2536_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accre.2015.09.007","volume":"6","author":"HD Guo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Guo HD, Zhang L, Zhu LW (2015) Earth observation big data for climate change research. Adv Clim Chang Res 6:108\u2013117","journal-title":"Adv Clim Chang Res"},{"key":"2536_CR56","first-page":"139","volume":"11","author":"N Gupta","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gupta N, Bhadauria H (2014) Object based information extraction from high resolution satellite imagery using recognition. Int J Comput Sci Issues 11:139\u2013144","journal-title":"Int J Comput Sci Issues"},{"key":"2536_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2015.08.003","volume":"60","author":"T H\u00e1k","year":"2016","unstructured":"H\u00e1k T, Janou\u0161kov\u00e1 S, Moldan B (2016) Sustainable development goals: a need for relevant indicators. Ecol Ind 60:565\u2013573","journal-title":"Ecol Ind"},{"key":"2536_CR58","first-page":"748","volume":"36","author":"IAT Hashem","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hashem IAT, Chang V, Anuar NB, Adewole K, Yaqoob I, Gani A, Ahmed E, Chiroma H (2016) The role of big data in smart city. Int J Inf Manage 36:748\u2013758","journal-title":"Int J Inf Manage"},{"key":"2536_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He K, Zhang X, Ren S, Sun J (2016) Deep residual learning for image recognition. In: The IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 770\u2013778","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"2536_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2005.10.005","volume":"16","author":"CM Herr","year":"2007","unstructured":"Herr CM, Kvan T (2007) Adapting cellular automata to support the architectural design process. Autom Constr 16:61\u201369","journal-title":"Autom Constr"},{"key":"2536_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735","volume":"9","author":"S Hochreiter","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hochreiter S, Schmidhuber J (1997) Long short-term memory. Neural Comput 9:1735\u20131780","journal-title":"Neural Comput"},{"key":"2536_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118548387","volume-title":"Applied logistic regression","author":"DW Hosmer Jr","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hosmer DW Jr, Lemeshow S, Sturdivant RX (2013) Applied logistic regression. Wiley"},{"key":"2536_CR63","volume":"56","author":"Q Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu Q, Lu Y, Pan Z, Gong Y, Yang Z (2021) Can AI artifacts influence human cognition? the effects of artificial autonomy in intelligent personal assistants. Int J Inf Manage 56:102250","journal-title":"Int J Inf Manage"},{"key":"2536_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2021.104307","volume":"218","author":"S Huai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huai S, Van de Voorde T (2022) Which environmental features contribute to positive and negative perceptions of urban parks? a cross-cultural comparison using online reviews and natural language processing methods. Landsc Urban Plan 218:104307","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"2536_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3690645","volume":"18","author":"G Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang G, Gan W, Yu PS (2024) TaSPM: Targeted sequential pattern mining. ACM Trans Knowl Discov Data 18:1\u201318","journal-title":"ACM Trans Knowl Discov Data"},{"key":"2536_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang W, Zheng H (2018) Architectural drawings recognition and generation through machine learning. In: The 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture, pp. 18\u201320","DOI":"10.52842\/conf.acadia.2018.156"},{"key":"2536_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(87)90051-X","volume":"14","author":"E Inskeep","year":"1987","unstructured":"Inskeep E (1987) Environmental planning for tourism. Ann Tour Res 14:118\u2013135","journal-title":"Ann Tour Res"},{"key":"2536_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isola P, Zhu J, Zhou T, Efros AA (2017) Image-to-image translation with conditional adversarial networks. In: The IEEE Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 1125\u20131134","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.632"},{"key":"2536_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa8415","volume":"349","author":"MI Jordan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jordan MI, Mitchell TM (2015) Machine learning: trends, perspectives, and prospects. Science 349:255\u2013260","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2536_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelley PG, Yang Y, Heldreth C, Moessner C, Sedley A, Kramm A, Newman DT, Woodruff A (2021) Exciting, useful, worrying, futuristic: public perception of artificial intelligence in 8 countries. In: AAAI\/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society, pp. 627\u2013637","DOI":"10.1145\/3461702.3462605"},{"key":"2536_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kennedy J (2006) Swarm intelligence. In: Handbook of nature-inspired and innovative computing: integrating classical models with emerging technologies. Springer, pp. 187\u2013219","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-27705-6_6"},{"key":"2536_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.9715\/KILA.2017.45.1.052","volume":"45","author":"BY Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim BY, Son YH (2017) A study on the effects of bim adoption and methods of implementation in landscape architecture through an analysis of overseas cases. J Korean Inst Landsc Arch 45:52\u201362","journal-title":"J Korean Inst Landsc Arch"},{"key":"2536_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2021.622364","volume":"4","author":"JH Korteling","year":"2021","unstructured":"Korteling JH, van de Boer-Visschedijk GC, Blankendaal RA, Boonekamp RC, Eikelboom AR (2021) Human-versus artificial intelligence. Front Artif Intell 4:622364","journal-title":"Front Artif Intell"},{"key":"2536_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2015.07.008","volume":"59","author":"SS Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar SS, Cheng JC (2015) A BIM-based automated site layout planning framework for congested construction sites. Autom Constr 59:24\u201337","journal-title":"Autom Constr"},{"key":"2536_CR75","unstructured":"Lafferty J, McCallum A, Pereira F, et\u00a0al (2001) Conditional random fields: Probabilistic models for segmenting and labeling sequence data. In: ICML, Williamstown, MA. p.\u00a03"},{"key":"2536_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","volume":"521","author":"Y LeCun","year":"2015","unstructured":"LeCun Y, Bengio Y, Hinton G (2015) Deep learning. Nature 521:436\u2013444","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2536_CR77","unstructured":"Lee Sy, Law M, Hoffman G (2024) When and how to use AI in the design process? Implications for human-AI design collaboration. Int J Human\u2013Comput Interact, pp 1\u201316"},{"key":"2536_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2046(02)00005-1","volume":"59","author":"AB Leitao","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leitao AB, Ahern J (2002) Applying landscape ecological concepts and metrics in sustainable landscape planning. Landsc Urban Plan 59:65\u201393","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"2536_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.10.3.342","volume":"10","author":"DA Levinthal","year":"1999","unstructured":"Levinthal DA, Warglien M (1999) Landscape design: designing for local action in complex worlds. Organ Sci 10:342\u2013357","journal-title":"Organ Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"2536_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13122373","volume":"13","author":"G Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li G, Cao Y, He Z, He J, Cao Y, Wang J, Fang X (2021) Understanding the diversity of urban-rural fringe development in a fast urbanizing region of China. Remote Sens 13(12):2373","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"2536_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2018.1542697","volume":"34","author":"W Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li W, Hsu CY (2020) Automated terrain feature identification from remote sensing imagery: a deep learning approach. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 34:637\u2013660","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"key":"2536_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.culher.2019.12.013","volume":"44","author":"C Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu C, Cao Y, Yang C, Zhou Y, Ai M (2020) Pattern identification and analysis for the traditional village using low altitude UAV-borne remote sensing: Multifeatured geospatial data to support rural landscape investigation, documentation and management. J Cult Herit 44:185\u2013195","journal-title":"J Cult Herit"},{"key":"2536_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmsy.2020.06.017","volume":"58","author":"M Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu M, Fang S, Dong H, Xu C (2021) Review of digital twin about concepts, technologies, and industrial applications. J Manuf Syst 58:346\u2013361","journal-title":"J Manuf Syst"},{"key":"2536_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2013.831097","volume":"28","author":"X Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu X, Ma L, Li X, Ai B, Li S, He Z (2014) Simulating urban growth by integrating landscape expansion index (LEI) and cellular automata. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 28:148\u2013163","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"key":"2536_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2016.06.007","volume":"35","author":"Y Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu Y, Van Nederveen S, Hertogh M (2017) Understanding effects of BIM on collaborative design and construction: an empirical study in China. Int J Project Manage 35:686\u2013698","journal-title":"Int J Project Manage"},{"key":"2536_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2017.05.123","volume":"137","author":"H Lund","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lund H, \u00d8stergaard PA, Connolly D, Mathiesen BV (2017) Smart energy and smart energy systems. Energy 137:556\u2013565","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"2536_CR87","volume-title":"Landscape planning: environmental applications","author":"WM Marsh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Marsh WM (2005) Landscape planning: environmental applications, vol 4. Wiley, New York"},{"key":"2536_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780773575783","volume-title":"Art of the landscape","author":"R Milani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Milani R (2009) Art of the landscape. McGill-Queen\u2019s Press-MQUP"},{"key":"2536_CR89","volume-title":"Introduction to landscape design","author":"JL Motloch","year":"2000","unstructured":"Motloch JL (2000) Introduction to landscape design. Wiley"},{"key":"2536_CR90","volume-title":"Design on the land: the development of landscape architecture","author":"NT Newton","year":"1971","unstructured":"Newton NT (1971) Design on the land: the development of landscape architecture. La Editorial"},{"key":"2536_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-09438-9","volume-title":"Principles of artificial intelligence","author":"NJ Nilsson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Nilsson NJ (1982) Principles of artificial intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann"},{"key":"2536_CR92","volume":"53","author":"R Nishant","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nishant R, Kennedy M, Corbett J (2020) Artificial intelligence for sustainability: challenges, opportunities, and a research agenda. Int J Inf Manage 53:102104","journal-title":"Int J Inf Manage"},{"key":"2536_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2046(01)00127-X","volume":"54","author":"K Oh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Oh K (2001) Landscape information system: a GIS approach to managing urban development. Landsc Urban Plan 54:81\u201391","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"2536_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2020.2979670","volume":"32","author":"DW Otter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Otter DW, Medina JR, Kalita JK (2020) A survey of the usages of deep learning for natural language processing. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 32:604\u2013624","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst"},{"key":"2536_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2011.11.009","volume":"81","author":"F Papadimitriou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Papadimitriou F (2012) Artificial intelligence in modelling the complexity of Mediterranean landscape transformations. Comput Electron Agric 81:87\u201396","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"2536_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2021.103550","volume":"124","author":"MLC Pena","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pena MLC, Carballal A, Rodr\u00edguez-Fern\u00e1ndez N, Santos I, Romero J (2021) Artificial intelligence applied to conceptual design. A review of its use in architecture. Autom Constr 124:103550","journal-title":"Autom Constr"},{"key":"2536_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2015.05.001","volume":"54","author":"ME Portman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Portman ME, Natapov A, Fisher-Gewirtzman D (2015) To go where no man has gone before: Virtual reality in architecture, landscape architecture and environmental planning. Comput Environ Urban Syst 54:376\u2013384","journal-title":"Comput Environ Urban Syst"},{"key":"2536_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022643204877","volume":"1","author":"JR Quinlan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Quinlan JR (1986) Induction of decision trees. Mach Learn 1:81\u2013106","journal-title":"Mach Learn"},{"key":"2536_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aei.2005.08.002","volume":"20","author":"B Raman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Raman B, Naderi JR (2006) Computer based pedestrian landscape design using decision tree templates. Adv Eng Inform 20:23\u201330","journal-title":"Adv Eng Inform"},{"key":"2536_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2019.103590","volume":"190","author":"S Raum","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raum S, Hand K, Hall C, Edwards D, O\u2019brien L, Doick K (2019) Achieving impact from ecosystem assessment and valuation of urban greenspace: the case of i-Tree Eco in Great Britain. Landsc Urban Plan 190:103590","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"2536_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2022.107289","volume":"133","author":"PA Rauschnabel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rauschnabel PA, Felix R, Hinsch C, Shahab H, Alt F (2022) What is XR? Towards a framework for augmented and virtual reality. Comput Hum Behav 133:107289","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"key":"2536_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410410560582","volume":"60","author":"S Robertson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Robertson S (2004) Understanding inverse document frequency: on theoretical arguments for IDF. J Docum 60:503\u2013520","journal-title":"J Docum"},{"key":"2536_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2011.11.002","volume":"67","author":"VF Rodriguez-Galiano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Galiano VF, Ghimire B, Rogan J, Chica-Olmo M, Rigol-Sanchez JP (2012) An assessment of the effectiveness of a random forest classifier for land-cover classification. J Photogramm Remote Sens 67:93\u2013104","journal-title":"J Photogramm Remote Sens"},{"key":"2536_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2019.2946162","volume":"33","author":"Y Roh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roh Y, Heo G, Whang SE (2021) A survey on data collection for machine learning: a big data - ai integration perspective. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 33:1328\u20131347","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng"},{"key":"2536_CR105","volume-title":"Ecological design","author":"S Van der Ryn","year":"2013","unstructured":"Van der Ryn S, Cowan S (2013) Ecological design. Island press"},{"key":"2536_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.46338\/ijetae1022_03","volume":"12","author":"G Ryzhakova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ryzhakova G, Malykhina O, Pokolenko V, Nesterenko I, Honcharenko T (2022) Construction project management with digital twin information system. Int J Emerg Technol Adv Eng 12:19\u201328","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Technol Adv Eng"},{"key":"2536_CR107","volume-title":"Computer aided design and manufacturing","author":"M Sarcar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sarcar M, Rao KM, Narayan KL (2008) Computer aided design and manufacturing. PHI Learning Pvt, Ltd"},{"key":"2536_CR108","unstructured":"Schlickman E, Magana-Leon A (2024) Employing generative technology in urban design: an aid or a threat? J Digit Landsc Arch, pp  772\u2013779"},{"key":"2536_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2015.10.003","volume":"59","author":"J Scholz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Scholz J, Smith AN (2016) Augmented reality: designing immersive experiences that maximize consumer engagement. Bus Horiz 59:149\u2013161","journal-title":"Bus Horiz"},{"key":"2536_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1109\/78.650093","volume":"45","author":"M Schuster","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schuster M, Paliwal KK (1997) Bidirectional recurrent neural networks. IEEE Trans Signal Process 45:2673\u20132681","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"key":"2536_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2023.101940","volume":"100","author":"Y Shi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shi Y, Shang M, Qi Z (2023) Intelligent layout generation based on deep generative models: a comprehensive survey. Inform Fusion 100:101940","journal-title":"Inform Fusion"},{"key":"2536_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2023.104562","volume":"94","author":"TH Son","year":"2023","unstructured":"Son TH, Weedon Z, Yigitcanlar T, Sanchez T, Corchado JM, Mehmood R (2023) Algorithmic urban planning for smart and sustainable development: systematic review of the literature. Sustain Cities Soc 94:104562","journal-title":"Sustain Cities Soc"},{"key":"2536_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980-021-01366-9","volume":"37","author":"MS Stupariu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stupariu MS, Cushman SA, Ple\u015foianu AI, P\u0103tru Stupariu I, Fuerst C (2022) Machine learning in landscape ecological analysis: a review of recent approaches. Landsc Ecol 37:1227\u20131250","journal-title":"Landsc Ecol"},{"key":"2536_CR114","unstructured":"Sun J, Gan W, Chao HC, Yu PS (2022) Metaverse: Survey, applications, security, and opportunities. arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.07990"},{"key":"2536_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11117","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3247594","volume":"10","author":"J Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun J, Gan W, Chao HC, Yu PS, Ding W (2023) Internet of behaviors: a survey. IEEE Internet Things J 10:11117\u201311134","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"key":"2536_CR116","volume-title":"Reinforcement learning: an introduction","author":"RS Sutton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sutton RS, Barto AG (2018) Reinforcement learning: an introduction. MIT press"},{"key":"2536_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szegedy C, Vanhoucke V, Ioffe S, Shlens J, Wojna Z (2016) Rethinking the inception architecture for computer vision. In: The IEEE Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 2818\u20132826","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.308"},{"key":"2536_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-34372-9","volume-title":"Computer vision: algorithms and applications","author":"R Szeliski","year":"2022","unstructured":"Szeliski R (2022) Computer vision: algorithms and applications. Springer Nature"},{"key":"2536_CR119","first-page":"58","volume":"4","author":"T Talaviya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Talaviya T, Shah D, Patel N, Yagnik H, Shah M (2020) Implementation of artificial intelligence in agriculture for optimisation of irrigation and application of pesticides and herbicides. Artif Intell Agric 4:58\u201373","journal-title":"Artif Intell Agric"},{"key":"2536_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-020-03325-8","volume":"77","author":"MA Talib","year":"2021","unstructured":"Talib MA, Majzoub S, Nasir Q, Jamal D (2021) A systematic literature review on hardware implementation of artificial intelligence algorithms. J Supercomput 77:1897\u20131938","journal-title":"J Supercomput"},{"key":"2536_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12302-024-00888-8","volume":"36","author":"F Tan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tan F, Cheng Y (2024) A digital twin framework for innovating rural ecological landscape control. Environ Sci Eur 36:59","journal-title":"Environ Sci Eur"},{"key":"2536_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan T, Cao G (2021) Efficient execution of deep neural networks on mobile devices with NPU. In: the 20th International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, pp. 283\u2013298","DOI":"10.1145\/3412382.3458272"},{"key":"2536_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1080\/13527258.2011.618246","volume":"17","author":"K Taylor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Taylor K, Lennon J (2011) Cultural landscapes: a bridge between culture and nature? Int J Herit Stud 17:537\u2013554","journal-title":"Int J Herit Stud"},{"key":"2536_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2019.111322","volume":"237","author":"X Tong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tong X, Xia G, Lu Q, Shen H, Li S, You S, Zhang L (2020) Land-cover classification with high-resolution remote sensing images using transferable deep models. Remote Sens Environ 237:111322","journal-title":"Remote Sens Environ"},{"key":"2536_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.20.110189.001131","volume":"20","author":"MG Turner","year":"1989","unstructured":"Turner MG (1989) Landscape ecology: the effect of pattern on process. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 20:171\u2013197","journal-title":"Annu Rev Ecol Syst"},{"key":"2536_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3113","DOI":"10.3390\/s20113113","volume":"20","author":"SL Ullo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ullo SL, Sinha GR (2020) Advances in smart environment monitoring systems using IoT and sensors. Sensors 20:3113","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"2536_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urban\u00a0Davis J, Anderson F, Stroetzel M, Grossman T, Fitzmaurice G (2021) Designing co-creative ai for virtual environments. In: The 13th Conference on Creativity and Cognition, pp. 1\u201311","DOI":"10.1145\/3450741.3465260"},{"key":"2536_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.11.085","volume":"38","author":"P Vansteenwegen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vansteenwegen P, Souffriau W, Berghe GV, Van Oudheusden D (2011) The city trip planner: an expert system for tourists. Expert Syst Appl 38:6540\u20136546","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"2536_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2013.10.023","volume":"38","author":"R Volk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Volk R, Stengel J, Schultmann F (2014) Building information modeling (BIM) for existing buildings-literature review and future needs. Autom Constr 38:109\u2013127","journal-title":"Autom Constr"},{"key":"2536_CR130","first-page":"9117981","volume":"2022","author":"X Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang X (2022) Artificial intelligence in the protection and inheritance of cultural landscape heritage in traditional village. Sci Program 2022:9117981","journal-title":"Sci Program"},{"key":"2536_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2012.10.012","volume":"34","author":"X Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang X, Love PE, Kim MJ, Park CS, Sing CP, Hou L (2013) A conceptual framework for integrating building information modeling with augmented reality. Autom Constr 34:37\u201344","journal-title":"Autom Constr"},{"key":"2536_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang Y (2017) Application research on urban cultural landscape heritage protection using digital technology. In: International Conference on Robots & Intelligent System, IEEE. pp. 58\u201361","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRIS.2017.22"},{"key":"2536_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2006.10.015","volume":"81","author":"MI Westphal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Westphal MI, Field SA, Possingham HP (2007) Optimizing landscape configuration: a case study of woodland birds in the mount lofty ranges, South Australia. Landsc Urban Plan 81:56\u201366","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"2536_CR134","first-page":"241","volume":"3","author":"KH Wik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wik KH, Sekse M, Enebo BA, Thorvaldsen J (2018) BIM for landscape: a Norwegian standardization project. J Digit Landsc Arch 3:241\u2013248","journal-title":"J Digit Landsc Arch"},{"key":"2536_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agsy.2017.01.023","volume":"153","author":"S Wolfert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wolfert S, Ge L, Verdouw C, Bogaardt MJ (2017) Big data in smart farming-a review. Agric Syst 153:69\u201380","journal-title":"Agric Syst"},{"key":"2536_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1038\/311419a0","volume":"311","author":"S Wolfram","year":"1984","unstructured":"Wolfram S (1984) Cellular automata as models of complexity. Nature 311:419\u2013424","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2536_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980-013-9894-9","volume":"28","author":"J Wu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wu J (2013) Landscape sustainability science: ecosystem services and human well-being in changing landscapes. Landscape Ecol 28:999\u20131023","journal-title":"Landscape Ecol"},{"key":"2536_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17007","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2024.3438376","volume":"7","author":"J Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu J, Gan W, Chao HC, Yu PS (2024) Geospatial big data: survey and challenges. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens 7:17007\u201317020","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens"},{"key":"2536_CR139","unstructured":"Wu J, Gan W, Chen Z, Wan S, Lin H (2023) AI-generated content (AIGC): a survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.06632"},{"key":"2536_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8758","DOI":"10.3390\/su12218758","volume":"12","author":"J Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu J, Shang S (2020) Managing uncertainty in AI-enabled decision making and achieving sustainability. Sustainability 12:8758","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"2536_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.05.437","volume":"688","author":"J Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu J, Wang Y, Qiu S, Peng J (2019) Using the modified i-Tree Eco model to quantify air pollution removal by urban vegetation. Sci Total Environ 688:673\u2013683","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2536_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ufug.2021.126995","volume":"59","author":"Y Xia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xia Y, Yabuki N, Fukuda T (2021) Development of a system for assessing the quality of urban street-level greenery using street view images and deep learning. Urban For Urban Green 59:126995","journal-title":"Urban For Urban Green"},{"key":"2536_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xinn.2021.100179","volume":"2","author":"Y Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu Y, Liu X, Cao X, Huang C, Liu E, Qian S, Liu X, Wu Y, Dong F, Qiu CW et al (2021) Artificial intelligence: a powerful paradigm for scientific research. The Innovation 2:100179","journal-title":"The Innovation"},{"key":"2536_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2020.103844","volume":"201","author":"D Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang D, Gao C, Li L, Van Eetvelde V (2020) Multi-scaled identification of landscape character types and areas in Lushan National Park and its fringes, China. Landsc Urban Plan 201:103844","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"2536_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2016.1244608","volume":"31","author":"Y Yao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yao Y, Li X, Liu X, Liu P, Liang Z, Zhang J, Mai K (2017) Sensing spatial distribution of urban land use by integrating points-of-interest and google Word2Vec model. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 31:825\u2013848","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"key":"2536_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1177\/23998083211023516","volume":"49","author":"X Ye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ye X, Du J, Ye Y (2022) MasterplanGAN: facilitating the smart rendering of urban master plans via generative adversarial networks. Environ Plan B Urban Anal City Sci 49:794\u2013814","journal-title":"Environ Plan B Urban Anal City Sci"},{"key":"2536_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2018.08.020","volume":"180","author":"F Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang F, Zhou B, Liu L, Liu Y, Fung HH, Lin H, Ratti C (2018) Measuring human perceptions of a large-scale urban region using machine learning. Landsc Urban Plan 180:148\u2013160","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"2536_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2021.100025","volume":"2","author":"K Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang K, Aslan AB (2021) AI technologies for education: recent research & future directions. Comput Educ Artif Intelli 2:100025","journal-title":"Comput Educ Artif Intelli"},{"key":"2536_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7118","DOI":"10.3390\/app12147118","volume":"12","author":"X Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao X, Li M, Sun Z, Zhao Y, Gai Y, Wang J, Huang C, Yu L, Wang S, Zhang M et al (2022) Intelligent construction and management of landscapes through building information modeling and mixed reality. Appl Sci 12:7118","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"2536_CR150","first-page":"73","volume":"36","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Yang J (2020) Research on elaborate urban repair planning approach based on ai analysis of large-scale street-view big data. Chin Landsc Arch 36:73","journal-title":"Chin Landsc Arch"},{"key":"2536_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.2298\/CSIS200208009Z","volume":"18","author":"H Zhong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhong H, Wang L, Zhang H (2021) The application of virtual reality technology in the digital preservation of cultural heritage. Comput Sci Inf Syst 18:535\u2013551","journal-title":"Comput Sci Inf Syst"},{"key":"2536_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2013.10.021","volume":"30","author":"J Zuo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zuo J, Zhao Z (2014) Green building research-current status and future agenda: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 30:271\u2013281","journal-title":"Renew Sustain Energy Rev"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02536-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02536-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02536-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T05:26:32Z","timestamp":1757136392000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02536-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"references-count":152,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7-8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2536"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02536-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-8071","1868-808X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-8071","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-808X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}