{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T19:05:00Z","timestamp":1757617500158,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738886400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12171392"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12171392"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Mathematics and Physics","award":["23JSZ008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23JSZ008"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Philosophy and Social Science Grant","award":["2023BJB002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023BJB002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mach. Learn. & Cyber."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-025-02554-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T05:02:04Z","timestamp":1738904524000},"page":"4981-4995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Granular ball-based feature subset selection for incomplete generalized double multi-scale decision tables"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chunjuan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lujing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2554_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2007.905912","volume":"16","author":"A Bargiela","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bargiela A, Pedrycz W (2008) Toward a theory of granular computing for human-centered information processing. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 16(2):320\u2013330","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"2554_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s41066-016-0015-4","volume":"1","author":"G Wilke","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wilke G, Portmann E (2016) Granular computing as a basis of human-data interaction: a cognitive cities use case. Granul Comput 1(3):181\u2013197","journal-title":"Granul Comput"},{"key":"2554_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470724163","volume-title":"Handbook of granular computing","author":"W Pedrycz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pedrycz W, Skowron A, Kreinovich V (2008) Handbook of granular computing. Wiley-Interscience"},{"key":"2554_CR4","first-page":"3","volume":"530","author":"VA Niskanen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Niskanen VA (2014) Prospects for truth valuation in fuzzy extended logic, Studies in Computational. Intelligence 530:3\u201313","journal-title":"Intelligence"},{"issue":"6191","key":"2554_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1242072","volume":"344","author":"A Rodriguez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rodriguez A, Laio A (2014) Clustering by fast search and find of density peaks. Science 344(6191):1492\u20131496","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2554_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2017.02.011","volume":"67","author":"S Ding","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ding S, Zhang X, An Y, Xue Y (2017) Weighted linear loss multiple birth support vector machine based on information granulation for multi-class classification. Pattern Recogn 67:32\u201346","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn"},{"key":"2554_CR7","unstructured":"Xia S, Wang C, Wang G, Ding W, Gao X, Yu J, Zhai Y, Chen Z (2022) A unified granular-ball learning model of pawlak rough set and neighborhood rough set, arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.03349 1478-1496"},{"issue":"3","key":"2554_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2020.2997039","volume":"34","author":"S Xia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xia S, Zhang Z, Li W, Wang G, Giem E, Chen Z (2022) Gbnrs: a novel rough set algorithm for fast adaptive attribute reduction in classification. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 34(3):1231\u20131242","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng"},{"key":"2554_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2022.08.066","volume":"611","author":"X Peng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Peng X, Wang P, Xia S, Wang C, Chen W (2022) Vpgb: a granular-ball based model for attribute reduction and classification with label noise. Inf Sci 611:504\u2013521","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2554_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2021.3105984","volume":"34","author":"S Xia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xia S, Zheng S, Wang G, Gao X, Wang B (2021) Granular ball sampling for noisy label classification or imbalanced classification. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 34(4):2144\u20132155","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst"},{"key":"2554_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2020.3008694","volume":"99","author":"S Xia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xia S, Peng D, Meng D, Zhang C, Chen Z (2020) A fast adaptive k-means with no bounds. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 99:1\u201314","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"issue":"8","key":"2554_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7724","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2022.3220200","volume":"35","author":"S Xia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xia S, Bai X, Wang G, Cheng Y, Meng D, Gao X, Zhai Y, Giem E (2023) An efficient and accurate rough set for feature selection, classification, and knowledge representation. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 35(8):7724\u20137735","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng"},{"issue":"18","key":"2554_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.04.047","volume":"181","author":"W Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu W, Leung Y (2011) Theory and applications of granular labelled partitions in multi-scale decision tables. Inf Sci 181(18):3878\u20133897","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2554_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.03.017","volume":"54","author":"W Wu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wu W, Leung Y (2013) Optimal scale selection for multi-scale decision tables. Int J Approx Reason 54(8):1107\u20131129","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"2554_CR15","first-page":"36","volume":"541","author":"Y Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng Y, Zhang Q, Wang G, Hu B (2020) Optimal scale selection and attribute reduction in multi-scale decision tables based on three-way decision. Inform Fusion 541:36\u201359","journal-title":"Inform Fusion"},{"key":"2554_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2017.04.005","volume":"129","author":"F Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li F, Hu B, Wang J (2017) Stepwise, optimal scale selection for multi-scale decision tables via attribute significance. Knowl-Based Syst 129:4\u201316","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"issue":"10","key":"2554_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2008.223","volume":"21","author":"W Wu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wu W, Leung Y (2009) Granular computing and knowledge reduction in formal contexts. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 21(10):1461\u20131474","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng"},{"issue":"8","key":"2554_CR18","first-page":"2142","volume":"42","author":"N Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao N, Xu Y, Cao Z, Wu W, Yang S (2022) Optimal scale combination selection of generalized multi-scale decision tables based on mutual information rate. J Syst Sci Math Sci 42(8):2142\u20132156","journal-title":"J Syst Sci Math Sci"},{"key":"2554_CR19","first-page":"310","volume":"10313","author":"Y Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu Y, Wu W, Tan A (2017) Optimal scale selections in consistent generalized multi-scale decision tables. Rough Sets 10313:310\u2013324","journal-title":"Rough Sets"},{"key":"2554_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24425-4_84","volume":"6954","author":"S Gu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gu S, Wu W (2011) Knowledge acquisition in inconsistent multi-scale decision systems, Rough Sets and Knowledge. Rough Sets Knowl Technol 6954:669\u2013678","journal-title":"Rough Sets Knowl Technol"},{"key":"2554_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2024.121685","volume":"693","author":"Y Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang Y, Zhang Q, Zhao F, Cheng Y, Xie Q, Wang G (2025) Optimal scale combination selection based on genetic algorithm in generalized multi-scale decision systems for classification. Inf Sci 693:0020\u20130255","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"2554_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(98)10019-1","volume":"112","author":"M Kryszkiewicz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kryszkiewicz M (1998) Rough set approach to incomplete information systems. Inf Sci 112(1\u20134):39\u201349","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2554_CR23","first-page":"1","volume":"14","author":"J Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu J, Huang Z, Li J, Liu D (2022) Three-way multi-attribute decision-making with multiple decision makers in heterogeneous incomplete decision systems. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 14(6):1\u201315","journal-title":"J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput"},{"key":"2554_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2018.10.012","volume":"476","author":"C Luo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Luo C, Li T, Huang Y, Fujita H (2019) Updating three-way decisions in incomplete multi-scale information systems. Inf Sci 476:274\u2013289","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"2554_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.03.041","volume":"378","author":"W Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu W, Qian Y, Li T, Gu S (2017) On rule acquisition in incomplete multi-scale decision tables. Inf Sci 378:282\u2013302","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2554_CR26","first-page":"49","volume":"36","author":"L Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang L, Lin G, Lin Y, Kou Y (2023) Feature subset selection for multi-scale neighborhood decision information system. Pattern Recognit Artif Intell 36(1):49\u201359","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit Artif Intell"},{"key":"2554_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2021.107736","volume":"110","author":"X Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang X, Zhan J, Xu Z, Fujita H (2021) Multi-scale covering rough sets with applications to data classification. Appl Soft Comput 110:107736","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"2554_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1109\/TAI.2022.3144242","volume":"4","author":"Z Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang Z, Li J (2023) Feature subset selection with multi-scale fuzzy granulation. IEEE Trans Artif Intell 4(1):121\u2013134","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Artif Intell"},{"issue":"1","key":"2554_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-023-10626-w","volume":"57","author":"L Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang L, Lin G, Wei L, Kou Y (2024) Feature subset selection for multi-scale neighborhood decision information system via mutual information. Artif Intell Rev 57(1):1\u201330","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2554_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3297","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22678","volume":"37","author":"S Liao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liao S, Lin Y, Li J, Li H, Qian Y (2022) Attribute-scale selection for hybrid data with test cost constraint: The approach and uncertainty measures. Int J Intell Syst 37(6):3297\u20133333","journal-title":"Int J Intell Syst"},{"key":"2554_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.07.020","volume":"89","author":"Y She","year":"2015","unstructured":"She Y, Li J, Yang H (2015) A local approach to rule induction in multi-scale decision tables. Knowl-Based Syst 89:398\u2013410","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"2554_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-021-09965-3","volume":"54","author":"Y She","year":"2021","unstructured":"She Y, Zhao Z, Hu M, Zheng W, He X (2021) On selection of optimal cuts in complete multi-scale decision tables. Artif Intell Rev 54:6125\u20136148","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"2554_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.12.045","volume":"555","author":"Y She","year":"2021","unstructured":"She Y, Qian Z, He X, Wang J, Qian T, Zheng W (2021) On generalization reducts in multi-scale decision tables. Inf Sci 555:104\u2013124","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"2554_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2022.12.004","volume":"154","author":"W Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu W, Niu D, Li J, Li T (2023) Rule acquisition in generalized multi-scale information systems with multi-scale decisions. Int J Approx Reason 154:56\u201371","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"2554_CR35","first-page":"116","volume":"483","author":"W Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang W, Guo H, Jia Y, Guo B, Bi J (2013) Granular support vector machine based on mixed measure. Neurocomputing 483:116\u2013128","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"2554_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2019.09.010","volume":"115","author":"Z Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang Z, Li J, Dai W, Lin R (2019) Generalized multi-scale decision tables with multi-scale decision attributes. Int J Approx Reason 115:194\u2013208","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02554-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02554-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02554-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T04:45:55Z","timestamp":1757133955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02554-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7-8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2554"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13042-025-02554-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-8071","1868-808X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1868-8071"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1868-808X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no Conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}