{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T02:26:31Z","timestamp":1780107991351,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. ITS Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13177-025-00553-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T13:43:08Z","timestamp":1760794988000},"page":"1949-1962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Path Planning of Mining Engineering Transportation Vehicles Based on Improved SSA Method and Double Layer Model"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Qi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayou","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"553_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2023.04.007","volume":"313","author":"R Soares","year":"2024","unstructured":"Soares, R., Marques, A., Amorim, P.: Synchronisation in vehicle routing: Classification schema, modelling framework and literature review. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 313(3), 817\u2013840 (2024)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"553_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2023.07.028","volume":"312","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Che, Y., Liang, Z.: Split-demand multi-trip vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery in airport baggage transit. European Journal of Operational Research 312(3), 996\u20131010 (2024)","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"553_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s11633-019-1204-9","volume":"17","author":"M Panda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Panda, M., Das, B., Subudhi, B.: A comprehensive review of path planning algorithms for autonomous underwater vehicles. Int. J. Autom. Comput. 17(3), 321\u2013352 (2020)","journal-title":"Int. J. Autom. Comput."},{"issue":"1","key":"553_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2023.07.029","volume":"313","author":"VCG Karels","year":"2024","unstructured":"Karels, V.C.G., Rei, W., Veelenturf, L.P.: A vehicle routing problem with multiple service agreements. European Journal of Operational Research 313(1), 129\u2013145 (2024)","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"553_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-08-2023-0581","volume":"124","author":"Y Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, Y., Lim, M.K., Xiong, W.: An electric vehicle routing model with charging stations consideration for sustainable logistics. Industrial Manage. Data Syst. 124(3), 1076\u20131106 (2024)","journal-title":"Industrial Manage. Data Syst."},{"issue":"2","key":"553_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3625232","volume":"15","author":"Z Zong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zong, Z., Tong, X., Zheng, M.: Reinforcement learning for solving multiple vehicle routing problem with time window. ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol. 15(2), 1\u201319 (2024)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol."},{"issue":"05","key":"553_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1142\/S2301385024500225","volume":"12","author":"SJ Fusic","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fusic, S.J., Sitharthan, R.: Improved RRT* algorithm-based path planning for unmanned aerial vehicle in a 3D metropolitan environment. Unmanned Systems 12(05), 859\u2013875 (2024)","journal-title":"Unmanned Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"553_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2022.05.005","volume":"10","author":"J Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, J., Xi, M., Wen, J.: A digital twins enabled underwater intelligent internet vehicle path planning system via reinforcement learning and edge computing. Digit. Commun. Networks. 10(2), 282\u2013291 (2024)","journal-title":"Digit. Commun. Networks"},{"issue":"1","key":"553_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-021-03878-2","volume":"78","author":"J Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, J., Chen, Y., Zhao, X.N.: An improved DQN path planning algorithm. J. Supercomputing. 78(1), 616\u2013639 (2022)","journal-title":"J. Supercomputing"},{"issue":"1","key":"553_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3934\/mbe.2021001","volume":"18","author":"X Xiong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiong, X., Min, H., Yu, Y.: Application improvement of A* algorithm in intelligent vehicle trajectory planning. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 18(1), 1\u201321 (2021)","journal-title":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering"},{"issue":"12","key":"553_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14523","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.3043306","volume":"69","author":"OS Oubbati","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oubbati, O.S., Atiquzzaman, M., Lorenz, P.: Search: An SDN-enabled approach for vehicle path-planning. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 69(12), 14523\u201314536 (2020)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"17","key":"553_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6581","DOI":"10.3390\/s22176581","volume":"22","author":"Q Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, Q., Xu, Y., Bu, S.: Smart vehicle path planning based on modified PRM algorithm. Sensors. 22(17), 6581\u20136595 (2022)","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"3","key":"553_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geits.2022.100026","volume":"1","author":"T Qie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qie, T., Wang, W., Yang, C.: A path planning algorithm for autonomous flying vehicles in cross-country environments with a novel TF-RRT\u2217 method. Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 1(3), 100026\u2013100032 (2022)","journal-title":"Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation"},{"issue":"2","key":"553_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse12020285","volume":"12","author":"C Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, C., Pan, J., Wei, K.: A novel unmanned surface vehicle path-planning algorithm based on A* and artificial potential field in ocean currents. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12(2), 285\u2013304 (2024)","journal-title":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering"},{"issue":"3","key":"553_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2023.3237518","volume":"8","author":"J Fu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fu, J., Yao, W., Sun, G.: An FTSA trajectory elliptical homotopy for unmanned vehicles path planning with multi-objective constraints. IEEE Trans. Intell. Veh. 8(3), 2415\u20132425 (2023)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Intell. Veh."},{"issue":"1","key":"553_CR16","first-page":"1261","volume":"3","author":"M Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin, M., Ma, Z.: Improved sparrow search algorithm based on adaptive hybrid strategy. 2023 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Information Technology, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence 3(1), 1261\u20131267 (2023)","journal-title":"2023 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Information Technology, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence"},{"issue":"4","key":"553_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics10040195","volume":"10","author":"C Jiao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jiao, C., Zhou, Q., Zhang, W.: The modified sparrow search algorithm with brown motion and levy flight strategy for the class integration test order generation problem. Biomimetics. 10(4), 195\u2013207 (2025)","journal-title":"Biomimetics"},{"key":"553_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, W., Liu, S., Wang, X. An improved sparrow search algorithm. IEEE Intl Conf on ParallelDistributed Processing with Applications, Big DataCloud Computing, Computing, S., Communications, S.C., Networking: (ISPA\/BDCloud\/SocialCom\/SustainCom). 1(1): 537\u2013543 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPA-BDCloud-SocialCom-SustainCom51426.2020.00093"},{"issue":"12","key":"553_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3899","DOI":"10.3390\/s24123899","volume":"24","author":"X Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, X., Li, G., Bian, Z.: Research on autonomous vehicle path planning algorithm based on improved RRT* algorithm and artificial potential field method. Sensors. 24(12), 3899\u20133913 (2024)","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"1","key":"553_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/13506501241271833","volume":"239","author":"PK Mohanty","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mohanty, P.K., Chaudhary, V., Prajapati, R.: Review on path planning methods for autonomous underwater vehicle. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment 239(1), 3\u201337 (2025)","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment"},{"issue":"8","key":"553_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11393","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-024-04287-9","volume":"27","author":"Y Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Luo, X., Li, W.: AAPF*: A safer autonomous vehicle path planning algorithm based on the improved A* algorithm and APF algorithm. Cluster Comput 27(8), 11393\u201311406 (2024)","journal-title":"Cluster Comput"},{"issue":"10","key":"553_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.3390\/s24103149","volume":"24","author":"L Chu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chu, L., Wang, Y., Li, S.: Intelligent vehicle path planning based on optimized A* algorithm. Sensors. 24(10), 3149\u20133163 (2024)","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"4","key":"553_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.3390\/en15041358","volume":"15","author":"S Abdallaoui","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abdallaoui, S., Aglzim, E.H., Chaibet, A.: Thorough review analysis of safe control of autonomous vehicles: Path planning and navigation techniques. Energies. 15(4), 1358\u20131373 (2022)","journal-title":"Energies"},{"issue":"8","key":"553_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3390\/wevj14080213","volume":"14","author":"M Yu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu, M., Luo, Q., Wang, H.: Electric logistics vehicle path planning based on the fusion of the improved a-star algorithm and dynamic window approach. World Electr. Veh. J. 14(8), 213\u2013230 (2023)","journal-title":"World Electr. Veh. J."},{"issue":"8","key":"553_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.3390\/math11081800","volume":"11","author":"CH Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, C.H., Chen, S., Zhao, Q.: An efficient end-to-end obstacle avoidance path planning algorithm for intelligent vehicles based on improved Whale optimization algorithm. Mathematics. 11(8), 1800\u20131819 (2023)","journal-title":"Mathematics"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13177-025-00553-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13177-025-00553-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13177-025-00553-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T12:57:12Z","timestamp":1765803432000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13177-025-00553-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["553"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13177-025-00553-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1348-8503","1868-8659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1348-8503","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-8659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 September 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 October 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that this article is free of any conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}