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However, using autonomous driving vehicles in hostile environments like the Arctic present\u2019s challenges because of the bad weather, lack of infrastructure, rough terrain, poor vision, icy and unreliable road surfaces, and inaccessible locations. The paper discuses key technical elements such as sensor systems, data fusion techniques, localization methods, perception algorithms (object detection, scene understanding), decision-making frameworks, and vehicle control mechanisms that are required for autonomous driving in the Arctic. The study focuses on how these innovations could be enhanced and changed to address the specific issues that the Arctic faces. It also highlights on-going academic and business research and development initiatives, showcasing innovations used to overcome difficulties specific to the Arctic. This paper provides great insight for researchers, decision-makers, and professionals interested in incorporating autonomous driving systems under extreme weather conditions. 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