{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T15:43:56Z","timestamp":1774539836484,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Syst Assur Eng Manag"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13198-025-02919-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T11:35:59Z","timestamp":1755516959000},"page":"73-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Predictive analysis of soil fertility using supervised machine learning techniques for enhanced agricultural productivity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Rahul","family":"Bhandari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8037-7152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Purushottam","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Singla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"09","key":"2919_CR1","first-page":"476","volume":"3","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Satyanarayana KV (2015) An approach to predict soil nutrients and efficient irrigation for agriculture with spatial data mining bharat institute of engineering and technology. IJSRD - Int J Sci Res Dev 3(09):476\u2013478","journal-title":"IJSRD - Int J Sci Res Dev"},{"key":"2919_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2019.113960","volume":"357","author":"R Andrade","year":"2020","unstructured":"Andrade R et al (2020) Prediction of soil fertility via portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry and soil texture in the Brazilian Coastal Plains. Geoderma 357:113960","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"issue":"4","key":"2919_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3283","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-022-07781-6","volume":"35","author":"B Arasteh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arasteh B (2023) Clustered design-model generation from a program source code using chaos-based metaheuristic algorithms. Neural Comput Appl 35(4):3283\u20133305","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"2919_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.3390\/sym15020401","volume":"15","author":"B Arasteh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arasteh B, Seyyedabbasi A, Rasheed J, Abu-Mahfouz AM (2023) Program source-code re-modularization using a discretized and modified sand cat swarm optimization algorithm. Symmetry 15(2):401","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2919_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.12785\/ijcds\/1201019","volume":"11","author":"Abhishek Bhatt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bhatt Abhishek, Shankar Ravi, Niedbala Gniewko, Rupani Ajay (2022) Analysis of the fifth generation NOMA system using LSTM algorithm. Int. J. Com. Dig. Sys. 11(1):215\u2013223","journal-title":"Int. J. Com. Dig. Sys."},{"issue":"05","key":"2919_CR6","first-page":"371","volume":"04","author":"DA Bondre","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bondre DA, Mahagaonkar S (2019) Prediction of crop yield and fertilizer recommendation using machine learning algorithms. Int J Eng Appl Sci Technol 04(05):371\u2013376","journal-title":"Int J Eng Appl Sci Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2919_CR7","first-page":"398","volume":"5","author":"KK Deshmukh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Deshmukh KK (2012) Evaluation of soil fertility status from Sangamner area, Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra, India. Rasayan J Chem 5(3):398\u2013406","journal-title":"Rasayan J Chem"},{"key":"2919_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gandhi N. et al. (2016) Rice Crop Yield Prediction in India Using Support Vector Machines. In: 2016 13th International Joint Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering, JCSSE, IEEE, Khon Kaen, Thailand, 13-15 July 2016","DOI":"10.1109\/JCSSE.2016.7748856"},{"key":"2919_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1208.3943","author":"J Gholap","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gholap J (2012) \u2019Performance tuning of J48 algorithm for prediction of soil fertility. J Computer Sci Inf Technol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.1208.3943","journal-title":"J Computer Sci Inf Technol"},{"key":"2919_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1206.1557","author":"J Gholap","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gholap J et al (2012) Soil data analysis using classification techniques and soil attribute prediction. Int J Computer Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.1206.1557","journal-title":"Int J Computer Sci"},{"key":"2919_CR11","first-page":"1301","volume":"1","author":"K Keerthan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Keerthan K, Shubha C, Sushma SA (2019) Random Forest Algorithm for Soil Fertility Prediction and Grading Using Machine Learning. Int J Innov Technol Explor Eng (IJITEE) 1:1301\u20131304","journal-title":"Int J Innov Technol Explor Eng (IJITEE)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2919_CR12","first-page":"2583","volume":"6","author":"A Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar A et al (2017) Current status of major nutrients ( Av. N, P and K ) deficiencies in soils of Koriya district of Chhattisgarh. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 6(6):2583\u20132587","journal-title":"J Pharmacogn Phytochem"},{"key":"2919_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geodrs.2020.e00260","volume":"21","author":"H Mahmoudzadeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mahmoudzadeh H et al (2020) Spatial prediction of soil organic carbon using machine learning techniques in western Iran. Geoderma Reg 21:e00260","journal-title":"Geoderma Reg"},{"key":"2919_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panchamurthi SME et al. (2019) Soil Analysis and Prediction of Suitable Crop for International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET) 7:2328\u20132335.","DOI":"10.22214\/ijraset.2019.3427"},{"key":"2919_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul M, Vishwakarma SK, Verma A (2016) Analysis of Soil Behaviour and Prediction of Crop Yield Using Data Mining Approach. In: Proceedings - 2015 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks, CICN 2015, IEEE, Jabalpur, 12-14 December 2015","DOI":"10.1109\/CICN.2015.156"},{"key":"2919_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-1498-8_71","volume-title":"Emerging Technologies in Data Mining and Information Security","author":"R Saxena","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saxena R, Johri A, Deep V, Sharma P (2019) Heart Diseases Prediction System Using CHC-TSS Evolutionary, KNN, and Decision Tree Classification Algorithm. In: Abraham A, Dutta P, Mandal J, Bhattacharya A, Dutta S (eds) Emerging Technologies in Data Mining and Information Security. Springer, Singapore, pp 809\u2013819"},{"key":"2919_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3390\/fi14090253","volume":"14","author":"P Sharma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sharma P, Tulsian D, Verma C, Sharma P, Nancy N (2022) Translating speech to Indian Sign Language using natural language processing. Future Internet 14:253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fi14090253","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2919_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1504\/IJCVR.2023.133142","volume":"13","author":"P Sharma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharma P, Kumar M, Sharma R, Bhushan S, Gupta S (2023) An automated system to detect crop diseases using deep learning. Int J Comput vis Robot 13(5):556\u2013571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/IJCVR.2023.133142","journal-title":"Int J Comput vis Robot"},{"issue":"5","key":"2919_CR19","first-page":"1254","volume":"8","author":"V Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh V, Sarwar A, Sharma V (2017) \u2019Analysis of soil and prediction of crop yield (rice) using machine learning approach. Int J Adv Res Computer Sci 8(5):1254","journal-title":"Int J Adv Res Computer Sci"},{"key":"2919_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2015.05.001","volume":"115","author":"K Tatsumi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tatsumi K et al (2015) Crop classification of Upland fields using random forest of time-series Landsat 7 ETM+ data. Comput Electron Agric 115:171\u2013179","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"2919_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2019.02.033","volume":"343","author":"DK Willy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Willy DK et al (2019) The effect of land use change on soil fertility parameters in densely populated areas of Kenya. Geoderma 343:254\u2013262","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"issue":"4","key":"2919_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1109\/TCDS.2024.3370219","volume":"16","author":"Z Xiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiao Z, Xu X, Xing H, Zhao B, Wang X, Song F, Feng L (2024) DTCM: Deep transformer capsule mutual distillation for multivariate time series classification. IEEE Trans Cogn Dev Syst 16(4):1445\u20131461","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cogn Dev Syst"},{"key":"2919_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAI.2024.3360180","author":"Z Xiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiao Z, Xing H, Qu R, Li H, Feng L, Zhao B, Yang J (2024b) Self-bidirectional decoupled distillation for time series classification. IEEE Trans Artif Intell. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TAI.2024.3360180","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Artif Intell"}],"container-title":["International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13198-025-02919-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13198-025-02919-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13198-025-02919-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T14:45:22Z","timestamp":1769957122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13198-025-02919-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["2919"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13198-025-02919-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0975-6809","0976-4348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0975-6809","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-4348","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest to report regarding the present study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"This is an observational study. This research includes No involvement of Humans and Animals, so no ethical approval is required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research involving human participants and\/or animals"}},{"value":"The studies are conducted on already available data for which consent is not required","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}