{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T01:13:20Z","timestamp":1776215600608,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]],"date-time":"2019-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]],"date-time":"2019-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMMI-1662542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMMI-1662542"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dyn Games Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13235-019-00304-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]],"date-time":"2019-02-15T15:57:11Z","timestamp":1550246231000},"page":"1188-1207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Multiplayer Pursuit-Evasion Games in Three-Dimensional Flow Fields"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3524-4852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Tsiotras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anthony J.","family":"Yezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"304_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1007\/s10957-013-0504-4","volume":"162","author":"E Bakolas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bakolas E (2014) Optimal guidance of the isotropic rocket in the presence of wind. J Optim Theory Appl 162(3):954\u2013974","journal-title":"J Optim Theory Appl"},{"issue":"12","key":"304_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2010.09.003","volume":"46","author":"E Bakolas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bakolas E, Tsiotras P (2010) The Zermelo\u2013Voronoi diagram: a dynamic partition problem. Automatica 46(12):2059\u20132067","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"key":"304_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2012.06.003","volume":"48","author":"E Bakolas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bakolas E, Tsiotras P (2012) Relay pursuit of a maneuvering target using dynamic Voronoi diagrams. Automatica 48:2213\u20132220","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"4","key":"304_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1134\/S1064230709040054","volume":"48","author":"AS Bannikov","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bannikov AS (2009) A non-stationary problem of group pursuit. J Comput Syst Sci Int 48(4):527\u2013532","journal-title":"J Comput Syst Sci Int"},{"key":"304_CR5","volume-title":"Dynamic noncooperative game theory","author":"T Ba\u015far","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ba\u015far T, Olsder GJ (1999) Dynamic noncooperative game theory, vol 23. SIAM, Philadelphia"},{"issue":"1","key":"304_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jappmathmech.2009.03.010","volume":"73","author":"AI Blagodatskikh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Blagodatskikh AI (2009) Simultaneous multiple capture in a simple pursuit problem. J Appl Math Mech 73(1):36\u201340","journal-title":"J Appl Math Mech"},{"issue":"7","key":"304_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2009.03.014","volume":"45","author":"SD Bopardikar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bopardikar SD, Bullo F, Hespanha JP (2009) A cooperative homicidal chauffeur game. Automatica 45(7):1771\u20131777","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"1","key":"304_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-8928(76)90105-2","volume":"40","author":"FL Chernous\u2019ko","year":"1976","unstructured":"Chernous\u2019ko FL (1976) A problem of evasion from many pursuers. J Appl Math Mech 40(1):11\u201320","journal-title":"J Appl Math Mech"},{"issue":"3","key":"304_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026352203836","volume":"19","author":"T Corpetti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Corpetti T, Memin E, P\u00e9rez P (2003) Extraction of singular points from dense motion fields: an analytic approach. J Math Imaging Vis 19(3):175\u2013198","journal-title":"J Math Imaging Vis"},{"issue":"17","key":"304_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfranklin.2016.07.023","volume":"353","author":"L Dong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dong L, Chai S, Zhang B, Nguang SK, Li X (2016) Cooperative relay tracking strategy for multi-agent systems with assistance of voronoi diagrams. J Frankl Inst 353(17):4422\u20134441","journal-title":"J Frankl Inst"},{"key":"304_CR11","unstructured":"Earth Observatory (2012) Comparing the winds of Sandy and Katrina. https:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=79626&src=ve"},{"issue":"10","key":"304_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.1324","volume":"63","author":"P G\u00f3mez","year":"2005","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez P, Hernandez J, L\u00f3pez J (2005) On the reinitialization procedure in a narrow-band locally refined level set method for interfacial flows. Int J Numer Methods Eng 63(10):1478\u20131512","journal-title":"Int J Numer Methods Eng"},{"issue":"5","key":"304_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s10625-005-0198-y","volume":"41","author":"GI Ibragimov","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ibragimov GI (2005) Optimal pursuit with countably many pursuers and one evader. Differ Equ 41(5):627\u2013635","journal-title":"Differ Equ"},{"issue":"2","key":"304_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2011.11.026","volume":"218","author":"GI Ibragimov","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ibragimov GI, Salimi M, Amini M (2012) Evasion from many pursuers in simple motion differential game with integral constraints. Eur J Oper Res 218(2):505\u2013511","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"304_CR15","volume-title":"Differential games: a mathematical theory with applications to warfare and pursuit, control and optimization","author":"R Isaacs","year":"1999","unstructured":"Isaacs R (1999) Differential games: a mathematical theory with applications to warfare and pursuit, control and optimization. Courier Dover Publications, Mineola"},{"issue":"4","key":"304_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-8928(84)90006-6","volume":"48","author":"BK Khaidarov","year":"1984","unstructured":"Khaidarov BK (1984) Positional I-capture in the game of a single evader and several pursuers. J Appl Math Mech 48(4):406\u2013409","journal-title":"J Appl Math Mech"},{"key":"304_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liberzon D (2011) Calculus of variations and optimal control theory: a concise introduction. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, chap. 4.5","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvcm4g0s"},{"key":"304_CR18","unstructured":"Lolla T (2016) Path planning and adaptive sampling in the coastal ocean. PhD thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology"},{"key":"304_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lolla T, Ueckermann MP, Yi\u011fit K, Haley PJ Jr, Lermusiaux PFJ (2012) Path planning in time dependent flow fields using level set methods. In: IEEE international conference on robotics and automation. St. Paul, MN, pp 166\u2013173","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2012.6225364"},{"issue":"10","key":"304_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1007\/s10236-014-0757-y","volume":"64","author":"T Lolla","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lolla T, Lermusiaux PFJ, Ueckermann MP, Haley PJ Jr (2014) Time-optimal path planning in dynamic flows using level set equations: theory and schemes. Ocean Dyn 64(10):1373\u20131397","journal-title":"Ocean Dyn"},{"key":"304_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocemod.2015.07.013","volume":"94","author":"T Lolla","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lolla T, Haley PJ Jr, Lermusiaux PFJ (2015) Path planning in multi-scale ocean flows: coordination and dynamic obstacles. Ocean Model 94:46\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ocemod.2015.07.013","journal-title":"Ocean Model"},{"issue":"2","key":"304_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1109\/34.368173","volume":"17","author":"R Malladi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Malladi R, Sethian JA, Vemuri BC (1995) Shape modeling with front propagation: a level set approach. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 17(2):158\u2013175","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"304_CR23","unstructured":"MATLAB (2015) version 8.6.0 (R2015b). The MathWorks Inc., Natick, Massachusetts"},{"key":"304_CR24","volume-title":"Level set methods and dynamic implicit surfaces","author":"S Osher","year":"2006","unstructured":"Osher S, Fedkiw R (2006) Level set methods and dynamic implicit surfaces, vol 153. Springer, New York"},{"issue":"4","key":"304_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1134\/S1064230709040042","volume":"48","author":"NN Petrov","year":"2009","unstructured":"Petrov NN, Shuravina IN (2009) On the \u201csoft\u201d capture in one group pursuit problem. J Comput Syst Sci Int 48(4):521\u2013526","journal-title":"J Comput Syst Sci Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"304_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-8928(82)90004-1","volume":"46","author":"M Pittsyk","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pittsyk M, Chikrii AA (1982) On a group pursuit problem. J Appl Math Mech 46(5):584\u2013589","journal-title":"J Appl Math Mech"},{"issue":"3","key":"304_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01070036","volume":"12","author":"BN Pshenichnyi","year":"1976","unstructured":"Pshenichnyi BN (1976) Simple pursuit by several objects. Cybern Syst Anal 12(3):484\u2013485","journal-title":"Cybern Syst Anal"},{"key":"304_CR28","volume-title":"Level set methods and fast marching methods: evolving interfaces in computational geometry, fluid mechanics, computer vision, and materials science","author":"JA Sethian","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sethian JA (1999) Level set methods and fast marching methods: evolving interfaces in computational geometry, fluid mechanics, computer vision, and materials science, vol 3. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"304_CR29","volume-title":"Mathematical control theory: deterministic finite dimensional systems","author":"ED Sontag","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sontag ED (2013) Mathematical control theory: deterministic finite dimensional systems, vol 6. Springer, New York"},{"key":"304_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2017.03.015","volume":"81","author":"W Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun W, Tsiotras P (2017) Sequential pursuit of multiple targets under external disturbances via Zermelo\u2013Voronoi diagrams. Automatica 81:253\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.automatica.2017.03.015","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"7","key":"304_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.2514\/1.G002125","volume":"40","author":"W Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun W, Tsiotras P, Lolla T, Subramani DN, Lermusiaux PFJ (2017) Multiple-pursuer\/one-evader pursuit-evasion game in dynamic flowfields. J Guid Control Dyn 40(7):1627\u20131637","journal-title":"J Guid Control Dyn"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s13235-019-00308-0","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,22]],"date-time":"2019-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553212800000}}],"container-title":["Dynamic Games and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13235-019-00304-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13235-019-00304-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13235-019-00304-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,11]],"date-time":"2022-09-11T23:08:09Z","timestamp":1662937689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13235-019-00304-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13235-019-00304-4","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s13235-019-00308-0","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2153-0785","2153-0793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2153-0785","type":"print"},{"value":"2153-0793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 February 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2019","order":2,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":3,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Unfortunately, the acknowledgement text was not submitted during the acceptance of the manuscript.","order":4,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}