{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:34:59Z","timestamp":1772120099836,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Inspire Faculty Fellowship, IFA22-MA187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Inspire Faculty Fellowship, IFA22-MA187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["325114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["325114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["325114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["325114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dyn Games Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n We study discretizations of fractional fully nonlinear equations by powers of discrete Laplacians. Our problems are parabolic and of order\n \n \n $$\\sigma \\in (0,2)$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \u03c3<\/mml:mi>\n \u2208<\/mml:mo>\n (<\/mml:mo>\n 0<\/mml:mn>\n ,<\/mml:mo>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n )<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n since they involve fractional Laplace operators\n \n \n $$(-\\Delta )^{\\sigma \/2}$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n (<\/mml:mo>\n -<\/mml:mo>\n \u0394<\/mml:mi>\n )<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \u03c3<\/mml:mi>\n \/<\/mml:mo>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n . They arise e.g.\u00a0in control and game theory as dynamic programming equations \u2013 HJB and Isaacs equation \u2013 and solutions are non-smooth in general and should be interpreted as viscosity solutions. Our approximations are realized as finite-difference quadrature approximations and are 2nd order accurate for all values of\n \n \n $$\\sigma $$<\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \u03c3<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n . The accuracy of previous approximations of fractional fully nonlinear equations depend on\n \n \n $$\\sigma $$<\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \u03c3<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n and are worse when\n \n \n $$\\sigma $$<\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \u03c3<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n is close to 2. We show that the schemes are monotone, consistent,\n \n \n $$L^\\infty $$<\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n \u221e<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:msup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n -stable, and convergent using a priori estimates, viscosity solutions theory, and the method of half-relaxed limits. We also prove a second order error bound for smooth solutions and present many numerical examples.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13235-024-00601-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T05:22:32Z","timestamp":1730092952000},"page":"383-405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Discretization of Fractional Fully Nonlinear Equations by Powers of Discrete Laplacians"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Indranil","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Espen R.","family":"Jakobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robin \u00d8","family":"Lien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"601_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511809781","volume-title":"L\u00e9vy processes and stochastic calculus","author":"D Applebaum","year":"2009","unstructured":"Applebaum D (2009) L\u00e9vy processes and stochastic calculus. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 116"},{"key":"601_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bardi M, Dolcetta I Capuzzo (1996) Optimal control and viscosity solutions of Hamilton\u2013Jacobi\u2013Bellman equations. Birkauser","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-8176-4755-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"601_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1137\/0522022","volume":"22","author":"M Bardi","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bardi M, Osher S (1991) The nonconvex multidimensional Riemann problem for Hamilton\u2013Jacobi equations. SIAM J. Math. Anal. 22(2):344\u2013351","journal-title":"SIAM J. Math. Anal."},{"key":"601_CR4","volume-title":"Solutions de viscosit\u00e9 des \u00e9quations de Hamilton\u2013Jacobi","author":"G Barles","year":"1994","unstructured":"Barles G (1994) Solutions de viscosit\u00e9 des \u00e9quations de Hamilton\u2013Jacobi. Springer-VerlagSpringer-VerlagSpringer-Verlag, Paris"},{"issue":"3","key":"601_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anihpc.2007.02.007","volume":"25","author":"G Barles","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barles G, Imbert C (2008) Second-order elliptic integro-differential equations: viscosity solutions\u2019 theory revisited. Ann Inst H Poincar\u00e9 C Anal Non Lin\u00e9aire 25(3):567\u2013585","journal-title":"Ann Inst H Poincar\u00e9 C Anal Non Lin\u00e9aire"},{"key":"601_CR6","first-page":"271","volume":"4","author":"G Barles","year":"1991","unstructured":"Barles G, Souganidis PE (1991) Convergence of approximation schemes for fully nonlinear second order equations. Asymptot Anal 4:271\u2013283","journal-title":"Asymptot Anal"},{"key":"601_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellman R (2010) Dynamic programming. Reprint of the 1957 edition. Princeton","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400835386"},{"issue":"4","key":"601_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1137\/080720504","volume":"50","author":"IH Biswas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Biswas IH (2012) On zero-sum stochastic differential games with jump-diffusion driven state: a viscosity solution framework. SIAM J Control Optim 50(4):1823\u20131858","journal-title":"SIAM J Control Optim"},{"issue":"2","key":"601_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1137\/17M114995X","volume":"57","author":"IH Biswas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Biswas IH, Chowdhury I, Jakobsen ER (2019) On the rate of convergence for monotone numerical schemes for nonlocal Isaacs\u2019 equations. SIAM J Numer Anal 57(2):799\u2013827","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"601_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219891608001416","volume":"5","author":"IH Biswas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Biswas IH, Jakobsen ER, Karlsen KH (2008) Error estimates for a class of finite difference-quadrature schemes for fully nonlinear degenerate parabolic integro-PDEs. J Hyperbolic Differ Equ 5(1):187\u2013219","journal-title":"J Hyperbolic Differ Equ"},{"issue":"3","key":"601_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1137\/090761501","volume":"48","author":"IH Biswas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Biswas IH, Jakobsen ER, Karlsen KH (2010) Difference-quadrature schemes for nonlinear degenerate parabolic integro-PDE. SIAM J Numer Anal 48(3):1110\u20131135","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"issue":"3","key":"601_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1137\/S0036142901387336","volume":"41","author":"JF Bonnans","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bonnans JF, Zidani H (2003) Consistency of generalized finite difference schemes for the stochastic HJB equation. SIAM J Numer Anal 41(3):1008\u20131021","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"issue":"2","key":"601_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spa.2004.01.001","volume":"111","author":"B Bouchard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bouchard B, Touzi N (2004) Discrete-time approximation and Monte-Carlo simulation of backward stochastic differential equations. Stoch Process Their Appl 111(2):175\u2013206","journal-title":"Stoch Process Their Appl"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"601_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/S0898-1221(00)00334-5","volume":"41","author":"M Boulbrachene","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boulbrachene M, Haiour M (2001) The finite element approximation of Hamilton\u2013Jacobi\u2013Bellman equations. Comput Math Appl 41(7\u20138):993\u20131007","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"601_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1051\/m2an\/1995290100971","volume":"29","author":"F Camilli","year":"1995","unstructured":"Camilli F, Falcone M (1995) An approximation scheme for the optimal control of diffusion processes. RAIRO Mod\u00e9l Math Anal Num\u00e9r 29(1):97\u2013122","journal-title":"RAIRO Mod\u00e9l Math Anal Num\u00e9r"},{"key":"601_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.1137\/080723144","volume":"47","author":"F Camilli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Camilli F, Jakobsen ER (2009) A finite element like scheme for integro-partial differential Hamilton\u2013Jacobi\u2013Bellman equations. SIAM J Numer Anal 47:2407\u20132431","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"issue":"6","key":"601_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jde.2016.12.001","volume":"262","author":"E Chasseigne","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chasseigne E, Jakobsen ER (2017) On nonlocal quasilinear equations and their local limits. J Differ Equ 262(6):3759\u20133804","journal-title":"J Differ Equ"},{"key":"601_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chowdhury I, Jakobsen ER (2024) Precise Error Bounds for Numerical Approximations of Fractional HJB Equations, IMA J Numer Anal (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/imanum\/drae030)","DOI":"10.1093\/imanum\/drae030"},{"key":"601_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aim.2018.03.023","volume":"330","author":"O Ciaurri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ciaurri O, Roncal L, Stinga PR, Torrea JL, Varona JL (2018) Nonlocal discrete diffusion equations and the fractional discrete Laplacian, regularity and applications. Adv Math 330:688\u2013738","journal-title":"Adv Math"},{"key":"601_CR20","unstructured":"Ciaurri O, Roncal L, Stinga PR, Torrea JL, Varona JL (2023) Fractional discrete Laplacian versus discretized fractional Laplacian, (2023 Preprint, arXiv:1507.04986"},{"key":"601_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1137\/15M1025530","volume":"54","author":"GM Coclite","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coclite GM, Reichmann O, Risebro NH (2016) A convergent difference scheme for a class of partial integro-differential equations modeling pricing under uncertainty. SIAM J Numer Anal 54:588\u2013605","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"key":"601_CR22","unstructured":"Cont R, Tankov P (2004) Financial modelling with jump processes. Chapman & Hall\/CRC Financial Mathematics Series. Chapman & Hall\/CRC, Boca Raton, FL, xvi+535 pp"},{"issue":"4","key":"601_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1137\/S0036142903436186","volume":"43","author":"R Cont","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cont R, Voltchkova E (2005) A finite difference scheme for option pricing in jump diffusion and exponential L\u00e9vy models. SIAM J Numer Anal 43(4):1596\u20131626","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"key":"601_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1090\/S0025-5718-1984-0744921-8","volume":"43","author":"MG Crandall","year":"1984","unstructured":"Crandall MG, Lions PL (1984) Two approximations of solutions of Hamilton\u2013Jacobi equations. Math Comp 43:1\u201319","journal-title":"Math Comp"},{"issue":"3","key":"601_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1051\/m2an\/2019076","volume":"54","author":"N Cusimano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cusimano N, del Teso F, Gerardo-Giorda L (2020) Numerical approximations for fractional elliptic equations via the method of semigroups. ESAIM Math Model Numer Anal 54(3):751\u2013774","journal-title":"ESAIM Math Model Numer Anal"},{"issue":"283","key":"601_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1090\/S0025-5718-2012-02632-9","volume":"82","author":"K Debrabant","year":"2013","unstructured":"Debrabant K, Jakobsen ER (2013) Semi-Lagrangian schemes for linear and fully non-linear diffusion equations. Math Comp 82(283):1433\u20131462","journal-title":"Math Comp"},{"key":"601_CR27","unstructured":"del Teso F, Jakobsen ER (2023) A convergent finite difference-quadrature scheme for the porous medium equation with nonlocal pressure. Preprint: arxiv:2303.05168"},{"issue":"6","key":"601_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3611","DOI":"10.1137\/18M1180748","volume":"56","author":"F del Teso","year":"2018","unstructured":"del Teso F, Endal J, Jakobsen ER (2018) Robust numerical methods for nonlocal (and local) equations of porous medium type Part II: schemes and experiments. SIAM J Numer Anal 56(6):3611\u20133647","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"issue":"3","key":"601_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s00245-019-09591-0","volume":"83","author":"R Dumitrescu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dumitrescu R, Reisinger C, Zhang Y (2021) Approximation schemes for mixed optimal stopping and control problems with nonlinear expectations and jumps. Appl Math Optim 83(3):1387\u20131429","journal-title":"Appl Math Optim"},{"key":"601_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Falcone M, Ferretti R (2014) Semi-Lagrangian approximation schemes for linear and Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM)","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611973051"},{"key":"601_CR31","volume-title":"Controlled Markov processes and viscosity solutions","author":"WH Fleming","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fleming WH, Soner HM (2006) Controlled Markov processes and viscosity solutions. Springer, New York"},{"issue":"34","key":"601_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8505","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1718942115","volume":"115","author":"J Han","year":"2018","unstructured":"Han J, Jentzen A (2018) Solving high-dimensional partial differential equations using deep learning. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 115(34):8505\u20138510","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"34","key":"601_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8505","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1718942115","volume":"115","author":"J Han","year":"2018","unstructured":"Han J, Jentzen A (2018) Solving high-dimensional partial differential equations using deep learning. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 115(34):8505\u20138510","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"2","key":"601_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1137\/20M1341441","volume":"12","author":"H Ishii","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ishii H, Roch A (2021) Existence and uniqueness of viscosity solutions of an integro-differential equation arising in option pricing. SIAM J Financ Math 12(2):604\u2013640","journal-title":"SIAM J Financ Math"},{"issue":"2","key":"601_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jde.2004.06.021","volume":"212","author":"ER Jakobsen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jakobsen ER, Karlsen KH (2005) Continuous dependence estimates for viscosity solutions of integro-PDEs. J Diff Equ 212(2):278\u2013318","journal-title":"J Diff Equ"},{"key":"601_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00030-005-0031-6","volume":"13","author":"ER Jakobsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jakobsen ER, Karlsen KH (2006) A \u201cmaximum principle for semicontinuous functions\u2019\u2019 applicable to integro-partial differential equations. NoDEA Nonlinear Diff Equ Appl 13:137\u2013165","journal-title":"NoDEA Nonlinear Diff Equ Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"601_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00211-008-0160-z","volume":"110","author":"ER Jakobsen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jakobsen ER, Karlsen KH, La Chioma C (2008) Error estimates for approximate solutions to Bellman equations associated with controlled jump-diffusions. Numer Math 110(2):221\u2013255","journal-title":"Numer Math"},{"key":"601_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0007-6","volume-title":"Numerical methods for stochastic control problems in continuous time","author":"HJ Kushner","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kushner HJ, Dupuis P (2001) Numerical methods for stochastic control problems in continuous time. Springer, Berlin"},{"issue":"1","key":"601_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1515\/fca-2017-0002","volume":"20","author":"M. Ten Kwasnicki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kwasnicki M. Ten (2017) Equivalent definitions of the fractional Laplace operator. Fract Calc Appl Anal 20(1):7\u201351","journal-title":"Fract Calc Appl Anal"},{"issue":"5","key":"601_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1137\/S0036142999353582","volume":"38","author":"O Lepsky","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lepsky O (2000) Spectral viscosity approximations to Hamilton\u2013Jacobi solutions. SIAM J Numer Anal 38(5):1439\u20131453","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"601_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9991(88)90002-2","volume":"79","author":"S Osher","year":"1988","unstructured":"Osher S, Sethian JA (1988) Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed: algorithms based on Hamilton\u2013Jacobi formulations. J Comput Phys 79(1):12\u201349","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"},{"issue":"4","key":"601_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1137\/0728049","volume":"28","author":"S Osher","year":"1991","unstructured":"Osher S, Shu CW (1991) High-order essentially nonoscillatory schemes for Hamilton\u2013Jacobi equations. SIAM J Numer Anal 28(4):907\u2013922","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"key":"601_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-02781-0","volume-title":"Applied stochastic control of jump diffusions","author":"B \u00d8ksendal","year":"2019","unstructured":"\u00d8ksendal B, Sulem A (2019) Applied stochastic control of jump diffusions. Springer, Cham"},{"key":"601_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2021.04.011","volume":"93","author":"C Reisinger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reisinger C, Zhang Y (2021) A penalty scheme and policy iteration for nonlocal HJB variational inequalities with monotone nonlinearities. Comput Math Appl 93:199\u2013213","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"key":"601_CR45","unstructured":"Ros-Oton X, Weidner M. Obstacle problems for nonlocal operators with singular kernels. Preprint arXiv:2308.01695"},{"issue":"4","key":"601_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1137\/120899613","volume":"51","author":"I Smears","year":"2013","unstructured":"Smears I, S\u00fcli E (2013) Discontinuous Galerkin finite element approximation of nondivergence form elliptic equations with Cord\u00e8s coefficients. SIAM J Numer Anal 51(4):2088\u20132106","journal-title":"SIAM J Numer Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"601_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0396(85)90136-6","volume":"59","author":"PE Souganidis","year":"1985","unstructured":"Souganidis PE (1985) Approximation schemes for viscosity solutions of Hamilton\u2013Jacobi equations. J Diff Equ 59(1):1\u201343","journal-title":"J Diff Equ"},{"key":"601_CR48","unstructured":"Unneberg U (2024) A numerical method for fractional mean field games, Master thesis NTNU Open, 11250,3143776"}],"container-title":["Dynamic Games and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13235-024-00601-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13235-024-00601-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13235-024-00601-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T03:11:01Z","timestamp":1747624261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13235-024-00601-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["601"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13235-024-00601-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3864810\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2153-0785","2153-0793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2153-0785","type":"print"},{"value":"2153-0793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 October 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests or other interests that might be perceived to influence the results and\/or discussion reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}