{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T17:06:47Z","timestamp":1776100007543,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JP20K11936"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20K11936"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JP20K11936"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20K11936"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJCR20D1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCR20D1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Soc. Netw. Anal. Min."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The intricate relationship between structure and function spans various disciplines, from biology to management, offering insights into predicting interesting features of complex systems. This interplay is evident in online forums, where the organization of the threads interacts with the message\u2019s meaning. Assessing readability in these discussions is vital for ensuring information comprehension among diverse audiences. This assessment is challenging due to the complexity of natural language compounded by the social and temporal dynamics within social networks. One practical approach involves aggregating multiple readability metrics as a consensus alignment. In this study, we explore whether the structural complexity of online discussions can predict consensus readability without delving into the semantics of the messages. We propose a consensus readability metric derived from well-known readability tests and a complexity metric applied to the tree structures of Reddit discussions. Our findings indicate that this proposed metric effectively predicts consensus readability based on the complexity of discourse structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13278-024-01212-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T08:02:52Z","timestamp":1709539372000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Structural complexity predicts consensus readability in online discussions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2352-1936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafik","family":"Hadfi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5093-3886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takayuki","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1212_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199672196.001.0001","volume-title":"Mapping and measuring deliberation: toward a new deliberative quality","author":"A B\u00e4chtiger","year":"2019","unstructured":"B\u00e4chtiger A, Parkinson J (2019) Mapping and measuring deliberation: toward a new deliberative quality. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"issue":"4","key":"1212_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1561\/1100000089","volume":"16","author":"S Beier","year":"2022","unstructured":"Beier S, Berlow S, Boucaud E et al (2022) Readability research: an interdisciplinary approach. Found Trends Human Comput Interact 16(4):214\u2013324","journal-title":"Found Trends Human Comput Interact"},{"issue":"1","key":"1212_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ysaa008","DOI":"10.1093\/synbio\/ysaa008","volume":"5","author":"D Bojar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bojar D (2020) Structure determines function-the role of topology in the functionality of gene circuits. Synth Biol 5(1):ysaa008","journal-title":"Synth Biol"},{"key":"1212_CR4","unstructured":"Broniatowski DA, Moses J (2014) Flexibility, complexity, and controllability in large scale systems. Engineering systems division (ESD) Working Paper Series"},{"key":"1212_CR5","unstructured":"Bunt H, Alexandersson J, Choe J, et\u00a0al (2012) Iso 246170-2: A semantically-based standard for  dialogannotation. In: proceedings of the 8th international conference on language resources and evaluation, Istanbul, Turkey, ELRA, p\u00a08"},{"key":"1212_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B\u00e4chtiger A, Gerber M, Fournier-Tombs E (2022) 83Discourse Quality Index. In: research methods in deliberative democracy. Oxford University Press, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oso\/9780192848925.003.0006","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780192848925.003.0006"},{"key":"1212_CR7","first-page":"180","volume-title":"Recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth. Materials science and engineering, an introduction,","author":"WD Callister Jr","year":"2003","unstructured":"Callister WD Jr (2003) Recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth. Materials science and engineering, an introduction,. Wiley, New Jersey, pp 180\u2013184"},{"issue":"121","key":"1212_CR8","first-page":"561","volume":"178","author":"J Calof","year":"2022","unstructured":"Calof J, S\u00f8ilen KS, Klavans R et al (2022) Understanding the structure, characteristics, and future of collective intelligence using local and global bibliometric analyzes. Technol Forecast Social Change 178(121):561","journal-title":"Technol Forecast Social Change"},{"issue":"1","key":"1212_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01307827","volume":"1","author":"KM Carley","year":"1995","unstructured":"Carley KM (1995) Computational and mathematical organization theory: Perspective and directions. Computational & mathematical organization theory 1(1):39\u201356","journal-title":"Computational & mathematical organization theory"},{"issue":"2","key":"1212_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.7564\/14-CGN17","volume":"1","author":"D Chappell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chappell D, Dewey TG (2014) Defining the entropy of hierarchical organizations. Compl Govern Netw 1(2):41\u201356","journal-title":"Compl Govern Netw"},{"issue":"2","key":"1212_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1037\/h0076540","volume":"60","author":"M Coleman","year":"1975","unstructured":"Coleman M, Liau TL (1975) A computer readability formula designed for machine scoring. J Appl Psychol 60(2):283","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"key":"1212_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cong G, Wang L, Lin CY et\u00a0al (2008) Finding question-answer pairs from online forums. In: Proceedings of the 31st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, pp 467\u2013474","DOI":"10.1145\/1390334.1390415"},{"key":"1212_CR13","unstructured":"Core MG, Allen J (1997) Coding dialogs with the damsl annotation scheme. In: AAAI fall symposium on communicative action in humans and machines, Boston, MA, pp 28\u201335"},{"key":"1212_CR14","unstructured":"David W (2003) Mount. 2004. bioinformatics: Sequence and genome analysis. Gold Spring Harbor Laboratory press, New York pp 1\u201318"},{"key":"1212_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-016-9399-8","volume":"18","author":"PB de Laat","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Laat PB (2016) Profiling vandalism in wikipedia: a schauerian approach to justification. Ethics Inform Technol 18:131\u2013148","journal-title":"Ethics Inform Technol"},{"key":"1212_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dickson RM (2011) Structure determines function in nanoparticles, their interfaces, and their assemblies","DOI":"10.1021\/jz200981k"},{"key":"1212_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dogan A, Birant D (2019) A weighted majority voting ensemble approach for classification. In: 2019 4th international conference on computer science and engineering (UBMK), IEEE, pp 1\u20136","DOI":"10.1109\/UBMK.2019.8907028"},{"key":"1212_CR18","unstructured":"Dontcheva-Navratilova O, Povoln\u00e1 R (2020) Coherence and cohesion in spoken and written discourse. Cambridge Scholars Publishing"},{"key":"1212_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dutta S, Chakraborty T, Das D (2019) How did the discussion go: Discourse act classification in social media conversations. In: linking and mining heterogeneous and multi-view data. Springer: London p 137\u2013160","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01872-6_6"},{"issue":"12","key":"1212_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e115,212","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115212","volume":"9","author":"D Engel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Engel D, Woolley AW, Jing LX et al (2014) Reading the mind in the eyes or reading between the lines? theory of mind predicts collective intelligence equally well online and face-to-face. PloS one 9(12):e115,212","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"1","key":"1212_CR21","first-page":"25","volume":"32","author":"R Fabac","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fabac R, Stepani\u0107 J (2008) Modeling organizational design-applying a formalism model from theoretical physics. J Inform Organiz Sci 32(1):25\u201332","journal-title":"J Inform Organiz Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"1212_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551519871828","volume":"46","author":"E Fournier-Tombs","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fournier-Tombs E, Di Marzo Serugendo G (2020) Delibanalysis: understanding the quality of online political discourse with machine learning. J Inform Sci 46(6):810\u2013822","journal-title":"J Inform Sci"},{"key":"1212_CR23","volume-title":"Climate considerations in building and urban design","author":"B Givoni","year":"1998","unstructured":"Givoni B (1998) Climate considerations in building and urban design. Wiley, New Jersey"},{"key":"1212_CR24","unstructured":"Greenough H (2020) Form and function. In: Form and Function. University of California Press"},{"key":"1212_CR25","unstructured":"Habermas J (2004) Discourse ethics. In: Ethics: Contemporary Readings. Routledge, p 146\u2013153"},{"key":"1212_CR26","unstructured":"Hadfi R, Ito T (2022) Augmented democratic deliberation: Can conversational agents boost deliberation in social media? In: proceedings of the 21st international conference on autonomous agents and multiagent systems, pp 1794\u20131798"},{"key":"1212_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11518-021-5497-1","volume":"30","author":"R Hadfi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hadfi R, Haqbeen J, Sahab S et al (2021) Argumentative conversational agents for online discussions. J Syst Sci Syst Eng 30:1\u201315","journal-title":"J Syst Sci Syst Eng"},{"key":"1212_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hadfi R, Moustafa A, Yoshino K et\u00a0al (2022) Best-answer prediction in q &a sites using user information. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/ARXIV.2212.08475","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.2212.08475"},{"issue":"1","key":"1212_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1080\/19325037.2008.10599016","volume":"39","author":"AS Hedman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hedman AS (2008) Using the smog formula to revise a health-related document. Am J Health Edu 39(1):61\u201364","journal-title":"Am J Health Edu"},{"key":"1212_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009690407292","volume":"5","author":"F Heylighen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Heylighen F (1999) Collective intelligence and its implementation on the web: algorithms to develop a collective mental map. Computat Math Organiz Theory 5:253\u2013280","journal-title":"Computat Math Organiz Theory"},{"issue":"3","key":"1212_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.01.071","volume":"52","author":"CJ Honey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Honey CJ, Thivierge JP, Sporns O (2010) Can structure predict function in the human brain? Neuroimage 52(3):766\u2013776","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1212_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong L, Davison BD (2009) A classification-based approach to question answering in discussion boards. In: Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, pp 171\u2013178","DOI":"10.1145\/1571941.1571973"},{"key":"1212_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ito T, Hadfi R, Suzuki S (2021) An agent that facilitates crowd discussion. Group Decision and Negotiation pp 1\u201327","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-12051-1_41-1"},{"key":"1212_CR34","volume-title":"Discourse analysis","author":"B Johnstone","year":"2017","unstructured":"Johnstone B (2017) Discourse analysis. Wiley, New Jersey"},{"issue":"1753","key":"1212_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20170,238","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2017.0238","volume":"373","author":"F Kabo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kabo F (2018) The architecture of network collective intelligence: correlations between social network structure, spatial layout and prestige outcomes in an office. Philosoph Trans Royal Soc B Biolog Sci 373(1753):20170,238","journal-title":"Philosoph Trans Royal Soc B Biolog Sci"},{"key":"1212_CR36","unstructured":"Kim SN, Wang L, Baldwin T (2010) Tagging and linking web forum posts. In: proceedings of the fourteenth conference on computational natural language learning, pp 192\u2013202"},{"key":"1212_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kincaid JP, Fishburne RP Jr, Rogers RL et al (1975) Derivation of new readability formulas (automated readability index, fog count and flesch reading ease formula) for navy enlisted personnel. Tech. rep, Naval technical training command millington tn research branch","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA006655"},{"key":"1212_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.2307\/747086","volume":"1","author":"GR Klare","year":"1974","unstructured":"Klare GR (1974) Assessing readability. Read Res Quart 1:62\u2013102","journal-title":"Read Res Quart"},{"key":"1212_CR39","unstructured":"Larson ML (1984) Meaning based translation. University Press of America Lanham, MD"},{"key":"1212_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mann WC, Thompson SA (1987) Rhetorical structure theory: a theory of text organization. University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute Los Angeles","DOI":"10.1515\/text.1.1988.8.3.243"},{"issue":"1","key":"1212_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05556-6","volume":"12","author":"V Marin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marin V, Molinero C, Arcaute E (2022) Uncovering structural diversity in commuting networks: global and local entropy. Sci Rep 12(1):1\u201313","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1212_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econlet.2019.02.017","volume":"180","author":"BC McCannon","year":"2019","unstructured":"McCannon BC (2019) Readability and research impact. Econom Lett 180:76\u201379","journal-title":"Econom Lett"},{"key":"1212_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meng C, Chen M, Mao J et\u00a0al (2020) Readnet: A hierarchical transformer framework for web article readability analysis. In: advances in information retrieval: 42nd European conference on IR research, ECIR 2020, Lisbon, Portugal, April 14\u201317, 2020, Proceedings, Part I 42, Springer, pp 33\u201349","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-45439-5_3"},{"issue":"3","key":"1212_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33,799","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033799","volume":"7","author":"E Mones","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mones E, Vicsek L, Vicsek T (2012) Hierarchy measure for complex networks. PloS one 7(3):e33,799","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"1212_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2018.11.008","volume":"133","author":"S Morganti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morganti S, Tarantino P, Ferraro E et al (2019) Complexity of genome sequencing and reporting: next generation sequencing (ngs) technologies and implementation of precision medicine in real life. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 133:171\u2013182","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"1212_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morzy M, Kajdanowicz T, Kazienko P (2017) On measuring the complexity of networks: kolmogorov complexity versus entropy. Complexity 2017","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3250301"},{"key":"1212_CR47","unstructured":"Perrot P (1998) A to Z of thermodynamics. supplementary series; 27, Oxford University Press, URL https:\/\/books.google.co.jp\/books?id=EBSbdNLmD-oC"},{"key":"1212_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pitler E, Nenkova A (2008) Revisiting readability: a unified framework for predicting text quality. In: proceedings of the 2008 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, pp 186\u2013195","DOI":"10.3115\/1613715.1613742"},{"key":"1212_CR49","unstructured":"Polo FJF, Varela MC (2018) A structural analysis of student online forum discussions. In: languages at the crossroads: training, accreditation and context of use, Universidad de Ja\u00e9n, pp 189\u2013200"},{"issue":"2","key":"1212_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1037\/h0043254","volume":"49","author":"RD Powers","year":"1958","unstructured":"Powers RD, Sumner WA, Kearl BE (1958) A recalculation of four adult readability formulas. J Edu Psychol 49(2):99","journal-title":"J Edu Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1212_CR51","first-page":"26","volume":"62","author":"H Robbins","year":"1955","unstructured":"Robbins H (1955) A remark on stirling\u2019s formula. Am Math Monthly 62(1):26\u201329","journal-title":"Am Math Monthly"},{"key":"1212_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rohde H, Johnson A, Schneider N et\u00a0al (2018) Discourse coherence: Concurrent explicit and implicit relations. In: proceedings of the 56th annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers). Association for computational linguistics, Melbourne, Australia, pp 2257\u20132267, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/P18-1210","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-1210"},{"issue":"1","key":"1212_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s41109-020-00305-y","volume":"5","author":"T Ruprechter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ruprechter T, Santos T, Helic D (2020) Relating wikipedia article quality to edit behavior and link structure. Appl Netw Sci 5(1):1\u201320","journal-title":"Appl Netw Sci"},{"key":"1212_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2021.12.073","volume":"196","author":"J San Crist\u00f3bal","year":"2022","unstructured":"San Crist\u00f3bal J (2022) The network entropy as a measure of a complexity for project organizational structures. Proc Comput Sci 196:756\u2013762","journal-title":"Proc Comput Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"1212_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1007\/s10588-012-9132-z","volume":"19","author":"CM Schlick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schlick CM, Duckwitz S, Schneider S (2013) Project dynamics and emergent complexity. Computat Math Organiz Theory 19(4):480\u2013515","journal-title":"Computat Math Organiz Theory"},{"issue":"3","key":"1212_CR56","first-page":"111","volume":"1","author":"TD Schneider","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schneider TD (2002) Consensus sequence zen. Appl Bioinform 1(3):111","journal-title":"Appl Bioinform"},{"key":"1212_CR57","unstructured":"Senter R, Smith EA (1967) Automated readability index. Cincinnati Univ OH, Tech. rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"1212_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x","volume":"27","author":"CE Shannon","year":"1948","unstructured":"Shannon CE (1948) A mathematical theory of communication. Bell Syst Techn J 27(3):379\u2013423","journal-title":"Bell Syst Techn J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1212_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.3390\/su13031187","volume":"13","author":"B Shin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shin B, Rask M (2021) Assessment of online deliberative quality: new indicators using network analysis and time-series analysis. Sustainability 13(3):1187","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"1212_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.cep.6110002","volume":"1","author":"MR Steenbergen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Steenbergen MR, B\u00e4chtiger A, Sp\u00f6rndli M et al (2003) Measuring political deliberation: a discourse quality index. Comparat Europ Polit 1(1):21\u201348","journal-title":"Comparat Europ Polit"},{"issue":"3","key":"1212_CR61","first-page":"87","volume":"8","author":"LP Stocker","year":"1971","unstructured":"Stocker LP (1971) Increasing the precision of the dale-chall readability formula. Read Improve 8(3):87","journal-title":"Read Improve"},{"key":"1212_CR62","unstructured":"Stolcke A, Shriberg E, Bates R et\u00a0al (1998) Dialog act modeling for conversational speech. In: AAAI spring symposium on applying machine learning to discourse processing, pp 98\u2013105"},{"key":"1212_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun X, Li X, Li J et\u00a0al (2023) Text classification via large language models. arXiv:2305.08377","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-emnlp.603"},{"key":"1212_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan C, Niculae V, Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil C et\u00a0al (2016) Winning arguments: Interaction dynamics and persuasion strategies in good-faith online discussions. In: proceedings of the 25th international conference on world wide web, pp 613\u2013624","DOI":"10.1145\/2872427.2883081"},{"key":"1212_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.15195\/v3.a45","volume":"3","author":"TS Van Gunten","year":"2016","unstructured":"Van Gunten TS, Martin JL, Teplitskiy M (2016) Consensus, polarization, and alignment in the economics profession. Sociol Sci 3:1028\u20131052","journal-title":"Sociol Sci"},{"key":"1212_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Valin\u00a0Jr RD (2003) Functional linguistics. The handbook of linguistics pp 319\u2013336","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470756409.ch13"},{"key":"1212_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2019.03.048","volume":"525","author":"M Zamani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zamani M, Rabbani F, Horics\u00e1nyi A et al (2019) Differences in structure and dynamics of networks retrieved from dark and public web forums. Phys A Statist Mech Appl 525:326\u2013336","journal-title":"Phys A Statist Mech Appl"},{"key":"1212_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang A, Culbertson B, Paritosh P (2017) Characterizing online discussion using coarse discourse sequences. In: proceedings of the international AAAI conference on web and social media","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v11i1.14886"}],"container-title":["Social Network Analysis and Mining"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13278-024-01212-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13278-024-01212-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13278-024-01212-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T14:15:22Z","timestamp":1740492922000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13278-024-01212-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1212"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13278-024-01212-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1869-5469"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1869-5469","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 February 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 December 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 January 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare on the content of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"51"}}