{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T15:28:24Z","timestamp":1777130904479,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas-M\u00e9xico","award":["1184323"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1184323"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Netw Model Anal Health Inform Bioinforma"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s13721-024-00485-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T17:02:27Z","timestamp":1725901347000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Identifying PTSD sex-based patterns through explainable artificial intelligence in biometric data"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Andrea Alejandra","family":"Garc\u00eda-Valdez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Israel","family":"Rom\u00e1n-God\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ricardo A.","family":"Salido-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2677-7155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sulema","family":"Torres-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"21","key":"485_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2689","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10212689","volume":"10","author":"MG Abdolrasol","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdolrasol MG, Hussain SS, Ustun TS, Sarker MR, Hannan MA, Mohamed R, Ali JA, Mekhilef S, Milad A (2021) Artificial neural networks based optimization techniques: a review. Electronics 10(21):2689","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"2","key":"485_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1490365","volume":"112","author":"P Alku","year":"2002","unstructured":"Alku P, B\u00e4ckstr\u00f6MT Vilkman E (2002) Normalized amplitude quotient for parametrization of the glottal flow. J Acoust Soc Am 112(2):701\u2013710","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"485_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5-TR","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2022","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2022) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5-TR. American Psychiatric Association Publishing, Washington"},{"key":"485_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balbin JR, Pinugu JNJ, Basco AJS, Cabanada MB, Gonzales PMV, Marasigan JCC, Sejera MM (2017) Development of scientific system for assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder patients using physiological sensors and feature extraction for emotional state analysis. In: 2017IEEE 9th International conference on humanoid, nanotechnology, information technology, communication and control, environment and management (HNICEM). IEEE, pp 1\u20136","DOI":"10.1109\/HNICEM.2017.8269424"},{"key":"485_CR5","unstructured":"Barche P (2024) Acoustic analysis of voice disorders from clinical perspective. PhD thesis, International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad"},{"key":"485_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2024.02.023","author":"M Bologna","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bologna M, Paparella G, Valls-Sol\u00e9 J, Hallett M, Berardelli A (2024) Neural control of blinking. Clin Neurophysiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2024.02.023","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"485_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijforecast.2022.02.010","volume":"39","author":"D Borup","year":"2023","unstructured":"Borup D, Christensen BJ, M\u00fchlbach NS, Nielsen MS (2023) Targeting predictors in random forest regression. Int J Forecast 39(2):841\u2013868. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijforecast.2022.02.010","journal-title":"Int J Forecast"},{"key":"485_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1613\/jair.1.13283","volume":"74","author":"G Broeck","year":"2022","unstructured":"Broeck G, Lykov A, Schleich M, Suciu D (2022) On the tractability of SHAP explanations. J Artif Intell Res 74:851\u2013886","journal-title":"J Artif Intell Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"485_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003262","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003262","volume":"17","author":"PA Coventry","year":"2020","unstructured":"Coventry PA, Meader N, Melton H, Temple M, Dale H, Wright K, Cloitre M, Karatzias T, Bisson J, Roberts NP et al (2020) Psychological and pharmacological interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid mental health problems following complex traumatic events: systematic review and component network meta-analysis. PLoS Med 17(8):1003262","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"485_CR10","volume-title":"Statistics without maths for psychology","author":"CP Dancey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dancey CP, Reidy J (2007) Statistics without maths for psychology. Pearson education, Harlow"},{"key":"485_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Degottex G, Kane J, Drugman T, Raitio T, Scherer S (2014) Covarep\u2014a collaborative voice analysis repository for speech technologies. In: 2014 IEEE international conference on acoustics, speech and signal processing (ICASSP). IEEE, pp 960\u2013964","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2014.6853739"},{"key":"485_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Valdez AA, Rom\u00e1n-God\u00ednez I, Salido-Ruiz RA, Torres-Ramos S (2023) Sex-based speech pattern recognition for post-traumatic stress disorder. In: Congreso Nacional de Ingenier\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica. Springer, Berlin, pp 192\u2013200","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-46933-6_21"},{"issue":"17","key":"485_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3693","DOI":"10.3390\/s19173693","volume":"19","author":"M Gavrilescu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gavrilescu M, Vizireanu N (2019) Predicting depression, anxiety, and stress levels from videos using the facial action coding system. Sensors 19(17):3693","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"S11","key":"485_CR14","first-page":"72","volume":"17","author":"K Ghamen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ghamen K, Caplier A (2011) Positive and negative expressions classification using the belief theory. Int J Tomogr Stat 17(S11):72\u201387","journal-title":"Int J Tomogr Stat"},{"key":"485_CR15","unstructured":"Gratch J, Artstein R, Lucas GM, Stratou G, Scherer S, Nazarian A, Wood R, Boberg J, DeVault D, Marsella S et al (2014) The distress analysis interview corpus of human and computer interviews. In: LREC. Reykjavik, pp 3123\u20133128"},{"issue":"4","key":"485_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/s11571-021-09771-1","volume":"16","author":"S Gupta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gupta S, Goel L, Singh A, Agarwal AK, Singh RK (2022) TOXGB: teamwork optimization based XGBoost model for early identification of post-traumatic stress disorder. Cogn Neurodyn 16(4):833\u2013846","journal-title":"Cogn Neurodyn"},{"key":"485_CR17","volume-title":"Data mining: concepts and techniques","author":"J Han","year":"2011","unstructured":"Han J, Kamber M, Pei J (2011) Data mining: concepts and techniques, 3rd edn. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco","edition":"3"},{"issue":"2","key":"485_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191115602551","volume":"24","author":"Q He","year":"2017","unstructured":"He Q, Veldkamp BP, Glas CA, Vries T (2017) Automated assessment of patients\u2019 self-narratives for posttraumatic stress disorder screening using natural language processing and text mining. Assessment 24(2):157\u2013172","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"485_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2023.10.514","volume":"227","author":"M Isnan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Isnan M, Elwirehardja GN, Pardamean B (2023) Sentiment analysis for TikTok review using VADER sentiment and SVM model. Procedia Comput Sci 227:168\u2013175","journal-title":"Procedia Comput Sci"},{"key":"485_CR20","unstructured":"Jacob GM, Stenger B (2021) Facial action unit detection with transformers. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp 7680\u20137689"},{"issue":"3","key":"485_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.130.3.349","volume":"130","author":"RE Kania","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kania RE, Hans S, Hartl DM, Clement P, Crevier-Buchman L, Brasnu DF (2004) Variability of electroglottographic glottal closed quotients: necessity of standardization to obtain normative values. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 130(3):349\u2013352","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"485_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kathan A, Triantafyllopoulos A, Amiriparian S, Milkus S, Gebhard A, Hohmann J, Muderlak P, Schottdorf J, Schuller BW, Musil R (2023) The effect of clinical intervention on the speech of individuals with PTSD: features and recognition performances. In: Proc. INTERSPEECH 2023, pp 4139\u20134143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21437\/Interspeech.2023-1668","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2023-1668"},{"issue":"2","key":"485_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9020107","volume":"9","author":"TD Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim TD, Lee S, Yoon S (2020) Inflammation in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a review of potential correlates of PTSD with a neurological perspective. Antioxidants 9(2):107","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"485_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2021.101205","volume":"69","author":"M Kiran Reddy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kiran Reddy M, Helkkula P, Madhu Keerthana Y, Kaitue K, Minkkinen M, Tolppanen H, Nieminen T, Alku P (2021) The automatic detection of heart failure using speech signals. Comput Speech Lang 69:101205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csl.2021.101205","journal-title":"Comput Speech Lang"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"485_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000381","volume":"148","author":"A Koutsoumpis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koutsoumpis A, Oostrom JK, Holtrop D, Van Breda W, Ghassemi S, Vries RE (2022) The kernel of truth in text-based personality assessment: a meta-analysis of the relations between the big five and the linguistic inquiry and word count (liwc). Psychol Bull 148(11\u201312):843","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"485_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2007\/042)","volume":"50","author":"J Kreiman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kreiman J, Gerratt B, Anto\u00f1anzas-Barroso N (2007) Measures of the glottal source spectrum. J Speech Lang Hear Res 50:595\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/1092-4388(2007\/042)","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"485_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02147","volume":"9","author":"J Kuang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuang J, Liberman M (2018) Integrating voice quality cues in the pitch perception of speech and non-speech utterances. Front Psychol 9:2147","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"485_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.354","volume":"5","author":"DM Low","year":"2020","unstructured":"Low DM, Bentley KH, Ghosh SS (2020) Automated assessment of psychiatric disorders using speech: a systematic review. Laryngosc Investig Otolaryngol 5(1):96\u2013116","journal-title":"Laryngosc Investig Otolaryngol"},{"key":"485_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s43069-023-00223-6","volume":"4","author":"Y Manzali","year":"2023","unstructured":"Manzali Y, Elfar M (2023) Random forest pruning techniques: a recent review. Oper Res Forum 4:43","journal-title":"Oper Res Forum"},{"issue":"7","key":"485_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22890","volume":"36","author":"CR Marmar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marmar CR, Brown AD, Qian M, Laska E, Siegel C, Li M, Abu-Amara D, Tsiartas A, Richey C, Smith J et al (2019) Speech-based markers for posttraumatic stress disorder in us veterans. Depress Anxiety 36(7):607\u2013616","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"485_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.638377","volume":"12","author":"O Muhorakeye","year":"2021","unstructured":"Muhorakeye O, Biracyaza E (2021) Exploring barriers to mental health services utilization at Kabutare district hospital of Rwanda: perspectives from patients. Front Psychol 12:638377","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"485_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2023.3312172","author":"A Othmani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Othmani A, Brahem B, Haddou Y et al (2023) Machine learning-based approaches for post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis using video and EEG sensors: a review. IEEE Sens J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSEN.2023.3312172","journal-title":"IEEE Sens J"},{"key":"485_CR33","unstructured":"Paula S (2007) Epidemiology and impact of PTSD. https:\/\/www.ptsd.va.gov\/professional\/treat\/essentials\/epidemiology.asp. Online; Accessed 10 Dec 2023"},{"key":"485_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.811392","volume":"12","author":"J Sawalha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sawalha J, Yousefnezhad M, Shah Z, Brown MR, Greenshaw AJ, Greiner R (2022) Detecting presence of PTSD using sentiment analysis from text data. Front Psychiatry 12:811392","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"485_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scherer S, Stratou G, Gratch J, Morency L-P (2013) Investigating voice quality as a speaker-independent indicator of depression and PTSD. In: Interspeech, pp 847\u2013851","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2013-240"},{"issue":"1","key":"485_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2015.2440264","volume":"7","author":"S Scherer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Scherer S, Lucas GM, Gratch J, Rizzo AS, Morency L-P (2015) Self-reported symptoms of depression and PTSD are associated with reduced vowel space in screening interviews. IEEE Trans Affect Comput 7(1):59\u201373","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Affect Comput"},{"issue":"5","key":"485_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720002718","volume":"52","author":"K Schultebraucks","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schultebraucks K, Yadav V, Shalev AY, Bonanno GA, Galatzer-Levy IR (2022) Deep learning-based classification of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression following trauma utilizing visual and auditory markers of arousal and mood. Psychol Med 52(5):957\u2013967","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"485_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-024-02372-w","author":"CJ Smithson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Smithson CJ, Chow JK, Chang T-Y, Gauthier I (2024) Measuring object recognition ability: reliability, validity, and the aggregate z-score approach. Behav Res Methods. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13428-024-02372-w","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"485_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s12193-014-0161-4","volume":"9","author":"G Stratou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stratou G, Scherer S, Gratch J, Morency L-P (2015) Automatic nonverbal behavior indicators of depression and PTSD: the effect of gender. J Multimodal User Interfaces 9:17\u201329","journal-title":"J Multimodal User Interfaces"},{"key":"485_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.01.014","volume":"252","author":"H Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun H, Lui S, Huang X, Sweeney J, Gong Q (2023) Effects of randomness in the development of machine learning models in neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 252:253\u2013261","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"485_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-018-0932-1","volume":"13","author":"K Szklanny","year":"2018","unstructured":"Szklanny K, Tylki-Szyma\u0144ska A (2018) Follow-up analysis of voice quality in patients with late-onset Pompe disease. Orphanet J Rare Dis 13(1):1\u20137","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"485_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080023","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1080023","volume":"5","author":"A Takemoto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Takemoto A, Aispuriete I, Niedra L, Dreimane LF (2023) Differentiating depression using facial expressions in a virtual avatar communication system. Front Digit Health 5:1080023","journal-title":"Front Digit Health"},{"key":"485_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-022-04575-w","volume":"339","author":"M Tanveer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tanveer M, Rajani T, Rastogi R, Shao Y-H, Ganaie M (2022) Comprehensive review on twin support vector machines. Ann Oper Res 339:1223\u20131268","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"key":"485_CR44","unstructured":"US Department of Veterans Affairs (2018) VA: how common is PTSD in adults? https:\/\/www.ptsd.va.gov\/understand\/common\/commonadults.asp. Online; Accessed 10 Dec 2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"485_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-020-05297-6","volume":"25","author":"I Wickramasinghe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wickramasinghe I, Kalutarage H (2021) Naive Bayes: applications, variations and vulnerabilities: a review of literature with code snippets for implementation. Soft Comput 25(3):2277\u20132293","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"485_CR46","first-page":"3854","volume":"6","author":"MK Zuhanda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zuhanda MK, Syofra AHS, Mathelinea D, Gio PU, Anisa YA, Novita N (2023) Analysis of twitter user sentiment on the monkeypox virus issue using the NRC lexicon. Jurnal Mantik 6(4):3854\u20133860","journal-title":"Jurnal Mantik"}],"container-title":["Network Modeling Analysis in Health Informatics and Bioinformatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13721-024-00485-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13721-024-00485-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13721-024-00485-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T20:38:04Z","timestamp":1733949484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13721-024-00485-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["485"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13721-024-00485-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-6670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-6670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 September 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no Conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"49"}}