{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T04:05:24Z","timestamp":1759032324208,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]],"date-time":"2016-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468281600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BES-2012-051878","TIN2014-56633-C3-1-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BES-2012-051878","TIN2014-56633-C3-1-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prog Artif Intell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13748-016-0097-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]],"date-time":"2016-07-12T06:48:27Z","timestamp":1468306107000},"page":"261-276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Fuzzy sets across the natural language generation pipeline"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6136-8413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Ramos-Soto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bugar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Barro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"SoftLearn Demo (2015) http:\/\/tec.citius.usc.es\/SoftLearn\/","key":"97_CR1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Castillo-Ortega, R., Chamorro-Mart\u00ednez, J., Mar\u00edn, N., S\u00e1nchez, D., Soto-Hidalgo, J.M.: Describing images via linguistic features and hierarchical segmentation. In: Fuzzy systems (FUZZ), 2010 IEEE International Conference, pp. 1\u20138 (2010). doi: 10.1109\/FUZZY.2010.5584443","key":"97_CR2","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZY.2010.5584443"},{"issue":"2","key":"97_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1162\/coli.2006.32.2.195","volume":"32","author":"K Deemter van","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Deemter, K.: Generating referring expressions that involve gradable properties. Comput. Linguist. 32(2), 195\u2013222 (2006). doi: 10.1162\/coli.2006.32.2.195","journal-title":"Comput. Linguist."},{"issue":"6","key":"97_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1007\/s10992-009-9114-x","volume":"38","author":"K Deemter van","year":"2009","unstructured":"van Deemter, K.: Utility and language generation: the case of vagueness. J. Philos. Log. 38(6), 607\u2013632 (2009). doi: 10.1007\/s10992-009-9114-x","journal-title":"J. Philos. Log."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Delgado, M., Ruiz, M.D., S\u00e1nchez, D., Vila, M.A.: Fuzzy quantification: a state of the art. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 242, 1\u201330 (2014). doi: 10.1016\/j.fss.2013.10.012 \u00a0(theme: Quantifiers and Logic)","key":"97_CR5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2013.10.012"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u00edaz-Hermida, F., Ramos-Soto, A., Bugar\u00edn, A.: On the role of fuzzy quantified statements in linguistic summarization. In: Proceedings of 11th International conference on. intelligent systems design and applications (ISDA), pp. 166\u2013171 (2011)","key":"97_CR6","DOI":"10.1109\/ISDA.2011.6121649"},{"unstructured":"Diaz-Hermida F, Pereira-Fari\u00f1a M, Vidal JC, Ramos-Soto A (2016) Characterizing quantifier fuzzification mechanisms: a behavioral guide for practical applications. arXiv:1605.03506","key":"97_CR7"},{"issue":"9","key":"97_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2012.09.007","volume":"13","author":"L Eciolaza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eciolaza, L., Pereira-Fari\u00f1a, M., Trivino, G.: Automatic linguistic reporting in driving simulation environments. Appl. Soft Comput. 13(9), 3956\u20133967 (2013)","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gatt, A., Belz, A.: Introducing shared tasks to nlg: the tuna shared task evaluation challenges. In: Krahmer, E., Theune, M. (eds.) Empirical methods in natural language generation, Lecture notes in computer science, vol. 5790, pp. 264\u2013293. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, (2010). doi: 10.1007\/978-3-642-15573-4_14","key":"97_CR9","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15573-4_14"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gatt, A., Portet, F.: Multilingual generation of uncertain temporal expressions from data: a study of a possibilistic formalism and its consistency with human subjective evaluations. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 285, 73\u201393 (2016). doi: 10.1016\/j.fss.2015.07.018 . http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0165011415003590 \u00a0(special Issue on Linguistic Description of Time Series)","key":"97_CR10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2015.07.018"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gatt, A., Mar\u00edn, N., Portet, F., S\u00e1nchez, D.: The role of graduality for referring expression generation in visual scenes. In: Information processing and management of uncertainty in knowledge-based systems: 16th International Conference, IPMU 2016, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, June 20\u201324, 2016, Proceedings, Part I, pp. 191\u2013203. Springer International Publishing (2016). doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-40596-4_17","key":"97_CR11","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-40596-4_17"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gl\u00f6ckner, I., Knoll, A.: Application of fuzzy quantifiers in image processing: a case study. In: Proceedings of the third international conference on knowledge-based intelligent information engineering systems, pp. 259\u2013262 (1999)","key":"97_CR12","DOI":"10.1109\/KES.1999.820172"},{"issue":"3","key":"97_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2012.09.002","volume":"56","author":"J Hunter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hunter, J., Freer, Y., Gatt, A., Reiter, E., Sripada, S., Sykes, C.: Automatic generation of natural language nursing shift summaries in neonatal intensive care: Bt-nurse. Artif. Intell. Med. 56(3), 157\u2013172 (2012). doi: 10.1016\/j.artmed.2012.09.002","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"97_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.4018\/jssci.2009010107","volume":"1","author":"J Kacprzyk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kacprzyk, J., Zadrozny, S.: Protoforms of linguistic database summaries as a human consistent tool for using natural language in data mining. Int. J. Softw. Sci. Comput. Intell. (IJSSCI) 1(1), 100\u2013111 (2009). doi: 10.4018\/jssci.2009010107","journal-title":"Int. J. Softw. Sci. Comput. Intell. (IJSSCI)"},{"issue":"3","key":"97_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2010.2040480","volume":"18","author":"J Kacprzyk","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kacprzyk, J., Zadrozny, S.: Computing with words is an implementable paradigm: fuzzy queries, linguistic data summaries, and natural-language generation. Fuzzy Syst. IEEE Trans. 18(3), 461\u2013472 (2010). doi: 10.1109\/TFUZZ.2010.2040480","journal-title":"Fuzzy Syst. IEEE Trans."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mar\u00edn, N., S\u00e1nchez, D.: Fuzzy sets and systems + natural language generation: a step forward in the linguistic description of time series. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 285, 1\u20135 (2016a). doi: 10.1016\/j.fss.2015.12.003 . http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0165011415005758 (special Issue on Linguistic Description of Time Series)","key":"97_CR16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2015.12.003"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mar\u00edn, N., S\u00e1nchez, D.: On generating linguistic descriptions of time series. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 285, 6\u201330 (2016b). doi: 10.1016\/j.fss.2015.04.014 \u00a0(special Issue on Linguistic Description of Time Series)","key":"97_CR17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2015.04.014"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de\u00a0Oliveira, R., Sripada, Y., Reiter, E.: Proceedings of the 15th European workshop on natural language generation (ENLG), association for computational linguistics, chap designing an algorithm for generating named spatial references, pp. 127\u2013135 (2015)","key":"97_CR18","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W15-4723"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Portet, F., Gatt, A.: Towards a possibility-theoretic approach to uncertainty in medical data interpretation for text generation. In: Ria\u00f1o, D., ten Teije, A., Miksch, S., Peleg, M. (eds.) Knowledge Representation for Health-Care. Data, processes and guidelines, Lecture notes in computer science, vol. 5943, pp. 155\u2013168. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2010). doi: 10.1007\/978-3-642-11808-1_13","key":"97_CR19","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-11808-1_13"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"97_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artint.2008.12.002","volume":"173","author":"F Portet","year":"2009","unstructured":"Portet, F., Reiter, E., Gatt, A., Hunter, J., Sripada, S., Freer, Y., Sykes, C.: Automatic generation of textual summaries from neonatal intensive care data. Artif. Intell. 173(7\u20138), 789\u2013816 (2009). doi: 10.1016\/j.artint.2008.12.002","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"issue":"1","key":"97_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1162\/COLI_a_00086","volume":"38","author":"R Power","year":"2012","unstructured":"Power, R., Williams, S.: Generating numerical approximations. Comput. Linguist. 38(1), 113\u2013134 (2012). doi: 10.1162\/COLI_a_00086","journal-title":"Comput. Linguist."},{"unstructured":"Ramos-Soto, A., Bugar\u00edn, A., Barro, S., Diaz-Hermida, F.: Automatic linguistic descriptions of meteorological data: a soft computing approach for converting open data to open information. In: 8th Iberian conference on information systems and technologies, pp. 1\u20136 (2013)","key":"97_CR22"},{"issue":"1","key":"97_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2014.2328011","volume":"23","author":"A Ramos-Soto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ramos-Soto, A., Bugar\u00edn, A., Barro, S., Taboada, J.: Linguistic descriptions for automatic generation of textual short-term weather forecasts on real prediction data. Fuzzy Syst. IEEE Trans. 23(1), 44\u201357 (2015a). doi: 10.1109\/TFUZZ.2014.2328011","journal-title":"Fuzzy Syst. IEEE Trans."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ramos-Soto, A., Pereira-Farina, M., Bugarin, A., Barro, S.: A model based on computational perceptions for the generation of linguistic descriptions of data. In: Fuzzy systems (FUZZ-IEEE), 2015 IEEE international conference on, pp. 1\u20138 (2015b). doi: 10.1109\/FUZZ-IEEE.2015.7337923","key":"97_CR24","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZ-IEEE.2015.7337923"},{"key":"97_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2015.06.019","volume":"285","author":"A Ramos-Soto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ramos-Soto, A., Bugar\u00edn, A., Barro, S.: On the role of linguistic descriptions of data in the building of natural language generation systems. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 285, 31\u201351 (2016). doi: 10.1016\/j.fss.2015.06.019","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reiter, E.: An architecture for data-to-text systems. In: Busemann, S. (ed.) Proceedings of the 11th European workshop on natural language generation, pp. 97\u2013104 (2007)","key":"97_CR26","DOI":"10.3115\/1610163.1610180"},{"key":"97_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511519857","volume-title":"Building natural language generation systems","author":"E Reiter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Reiter, E., Dale, R.: Building natural language generation systems. cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2000)"},{"key":"97_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artint.2005.06.006","volume":"167","author":"E Reiter","year":"2005","unstructured":"Reiter, E., Sripada, S., Hunter, J., Davy, I.: Choosing words in computer-generated weather forecasts. Artif. Intell. 167, 137\u2013169 (2005)","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Fdez, I., Mucientes, M., Bugarin, A.: Reducing the complexity in genetic learning of accurate regression tsk rule-based systems. In: Fuzzy systems (FUZZ-IEEE), 2015 IEEE international conference, pp. 1\u20138 (2015)","key":"97_CR29","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZ-IEEE.2015.7337930"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sripada, S.G., Burnett, N., Turner, R., Mastin, J., Evans, D.: A case study: NLG meeting weather industry demand for quality and quantity of textual weather forecasts. In: INLG-2014 Proceedings (2014)","key":"97_CR30","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W14-4401"},{"key":"97_CR31","first-page":"75","volume":"XV","author":"R Turner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Turner, R., Sripada, S., Reiter, E., Davy, I.P.: Selecting the content of textual descriptions of geographically located events in spatio-temporal weather data. Appl. Innov. Intell. Syst. XV, 75\u201388 (2007)","journal-title":"Appl. Innov. Intell. Syst."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turner, R., Sripada, S., Reiter, E., Davy, I.P.: Using spatial reference frames to generate grounded textual summaries of georeferenced data. In: Proceedings of the fifth international natural language generation conference, Association for computational linguistics, Stroudsburg, INLG \u201908, pp. 16\u201324 (2008)","key":"97_CR32","DOI":"10.3115\/1708322.1708328"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Turner, R., Sripada, S., Reiter, E.: Generating approximate geographic descriptions. In: Krahmer, E., Theune, M. (eds.) Empirical methods in natural language generation, lecture notes in computer science, vol. 5790, pp. 121\u2013140. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2010). doi: 10.1007\/978-3-642-15573-4_7","key":"97_CR33","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15573-4_7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Van Deemter, K., Krahmer, E., Theune, M.: Real versus template-based natural language generation: a false opposition? Comput. Linguist. 31(1), 15\u201324 (2005). doi: 10.1162\/0891201053630291","key":"97_CR34","DOI":"10.1162\/0891201053630291"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez-Barreiros, B., Lama, M., Mucientes, M., Vidal, J.C.: Softlearn: A process mining platform for the discovery of learning paths. In: 14th international conference on advanced learning technologies (ICALT 2014), pp. 373\u2013375. IEEE Press (2014)","key":"97_CR35","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2014.111"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wilbik, A., Kaymak, U.: Information Processing and management of uncertainty in knowledge-based systems: 15th International Conference, IPMU 2014, Montpellier, France, July 15\u201319, 2014, Proceedings, Part II, Springer International Publishing, chap Gradual Linguistic Summaries, pp. 405\u2013413 (2014). doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-08855-6_41","key":"97_CR36","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-08855-6_41"},{"issue":"1","key":"97_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1109\/21.87068","volume":"18","author":"R Yager","year":"1988","unstructured":"Yager, R.: On ordered weighted averaging aggregation operators in multicriteria decisionmaking. Syst. Man Cybern. IEEE Trans. 18(1), 183\u2013190 (1988). doi: 10.1109\/21.87068","journal-title":"Syst. Man Cybern. IEEE Trans."},{"issue":"1","key":"97_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0255(82)90033-0","volume":"28","author":"RR Yager","year":"1982","unstructured":"Yager, R.R.: A new approach to the summarization of data. Inf. Sci. 28(1), 69\u201386 (1982). doi: 10.1016\/0020-0255(82)90033-0","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, J., Hunter, J., Reiter, E., Sripada, S.: An approach to generating summaries of time series data in the gas turbine domain. In: Proceedings of IEEE international conference on Info-tech & Info-net (ICII2001), Beijing, pp. 44\u201351 (2001)","key":"97_CR39","DOI":"10.1109\/ICII.2001.983034"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yu, J., Reiter, E., Hunter, J., Sripada, S.: Sumtime-turbine: a knowledge-based system to communicate gas turbine time-series data. In: Chung, P., Hinde, C., Ali, M. (eds.) Developments in applied artificial intelligence, Lecture notes in computer science, vol. 2718, pp. 379\u2013384. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2003) doi: 10.1007\/3-540-45034-3_38","key":"97_CR40","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45034-3_38"},{"key":"97_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0898-1221(83)90013-5","volume":"9","author":"L Zadeh","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.: A computational approach to fuzzy quantifiers in natural languages. Comput. Math. Appl. 9, 149\u2013184 (1983)","journal-title":"Comput. Math. Appl."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.A.: A prototype-centered approach to adding deduction capability to search engines-the concept of protoform. In: Intelligent systems, 2002. Proceedings. 2002 First International IEEE Symposium, vol.\u00a01, pp. 2\u20133 (2002). doi: 10.1109\/IS.2002.1044219","key":"97_CR42","DOI":"10.1109\/IS.2002.1044219"},{"issue":"1","key":"97_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(80)90062-7","volume":"4","author":"HJ Zimmermann","year":"1980","unstructured":"Zimmermann, H.J., Zysno, P.: Latent connectives in human decision making. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 4(1), 37\u201351 (1980). doi: 10.1016\/0165-0114(80)90062-7","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."}],"container-title":["Progress in Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13748-016-0097-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13748-016-0097-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13748-016-0097-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]],"date-time":"2019-09-10T21:39:53Z","timestamp":1568151593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13748-016-0097-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["97"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13748-016-0097-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-6352","2192-6360"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2192-6352"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2192-6360"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]]}}}