{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]],"date-time":"2024-01-06T00:14:15Z","timestamp":1704500055715},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["91329302","31210103916","91519330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91329302","31210103916","91519330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XDB19020301","XDA01010303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB19020301","XDA01010303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Quant. Biol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aging is a complex systems level problem that needs a systems level solution. However, system models of aging and longevity, although urgently needed, are still lacking, largely due to the paucity of conceptual frameworks for modeling such a complex process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We propose that aging can be viewed as a decline in system capacity, defined as the maximum level of output that a system produces to fulfill demands. Classical aging hallmarks and anti\u2010aging strategies can be well\u2010aligned to system capacity. Genetic variants responsible for lifespan variation across individuals or species can also be explained by their roles in system capacity. We further propose promising directions to develop systems approaches to modulate system capacity and thus extend both healthspan and lifespan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The system capacity model of aging provides an opportunity to examine aging at the systems level. This model predicts that the extent to which aging can be modulated is normally limited by the upper bound of the system capacity of a species. Within such a boundary, aging can be delayed by moderately increasing an individual\u2019s system capacity. Beyond such a boundary, increasing the upper bound is required, which is not unrealistic given the unlimited potential of regenerative medicine in the future, but it requires increasing the capacity of the whole system instead of only part of it.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40484-017-0115-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,19]],"date-time":"2017-08-19T01:46:48Z","timestamp":1503107208000},"page":"251-259","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The system capacity view of aging and longevity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jing\u2010Dong J.","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Computational Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences\u2010Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Computational Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences\u2010Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Computational Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences\u2010Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Computational Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences\u2010Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"McDermott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Computational Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences\u2010Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Computational Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences\u2010Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474\u20109726.2009.00533.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12130"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474\u20109726.2011.00705.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809594106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddp459"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2011.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glq028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2014.03.128"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9919"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.05.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050259"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474\u20109726.2009.00541.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08980"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep10434"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011468"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2012.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1077780"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11315"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201200245"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09195"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10440"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119304109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474\u20109726.2009.00459.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11861"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2015.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19793"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404998101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905252106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474\u20109726.2006.00237.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809620106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1313473110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138161211797052457"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000356672"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19910084"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10533"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20789"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2007.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000414"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_2","first-page":"4804","article-title":"Systematic analysis of the gerontome reveals links between aging and age\u2010related diseases.","volume":"25","author":"Fernandes M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/msb4100189"}],"container-title":["Quantitative Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40484-017-0115-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40484-017-0115-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40484-017-0115-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40484-017-0115-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T07:18:26Z","timestamp":1704439106000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s40484-017-0115-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s40484-017-0115-4"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40484-017-0115-4","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2095-4689","2095-4697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2095-4689","type":"print"},{"value":"2095-4697","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 March 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 June 2017","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 June 2017","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 August 2017","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}