{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T10:25:21Z","timestamp":1779359121476,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]],"date-time":"2016-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470182400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inf Technol Tourism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40558-016-0060-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]],"date-time":"2016-08-03T11:24:56Z","timestamp":1470223496000},"page":"285-315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":219,"title":["The experience co-creation in smart tourism destinations: a multiple case analysis of European destinations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Piera","family":"Buonincontri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Micera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3\/4","key":"60_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1108\/eb058368","volume":"56","author":"SK Aho","year":"2001","unstructured":"Aho SK (2001) Towards a general theory of touristic experiences: modelling experience process in tourism. Tour Rev 56(3\/4):33\u201337","journal-title":"Tour Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"60_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1080\/15022250701224035","volume":"7","author":"TD Andersson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Andersson TD (2007) The tourist in the Experience Economy. Scand J Hosp Tour 7(1):46\u201358","journal-title":"Scand J Hosp Tour"},{"issue":"4","key":"60_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1145\/1721654.1721672","volume":"53","author":"M Armbrust","year":"2010","unstructured":"Armbrust M, Fox A, Griffith R, Joseph AD, Katz R, Konwinski A, Lee G, Patterson D, Rabkin A, Stica I, Zaharia M (2010) A view of cloud computing. Commun ACM 53(4):50\u201358","journal-title":"Commun ACM"},{"key":"60_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2010.05.010","volume":"54","author":"L Atzori","year":"2010","unstructured":"Atzori L, Iera A, Morabito G (2010) The Internet of things: a survey. Comput Netw 54:2787\u20132805","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"issue":"1","key":"60_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s40558-013-0001-5","volume":"14","author":"R Baggio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baggio R, Del Chiappa G (2014) Real and virtual relationships in tourism digital ecosystems. Inf Technol Tour 14(1):3\u201319","journal-title":"Inf Technol Tour"},{"key":"60_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-36309-2_16","volume-title":"Tourism destinations as digital business ecosystems","author":"R Baggio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baggio R, Del Chiappa G (2013) Tourism destinations as digital business ecosystems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg"},{"issue":"1","key":"60_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287507302385","volume":"46","author":"P Beritelli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beritelli P, Bieger T, Laesser C (2007) Destination governance: using corporate governance theories as a foundation for effective destination management. J Travel Res 46(1):96\u2013107","journal-title":"J Travel Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"60_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287513506298","volume":"53","author":"P Beritelli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Beritelli P, Bieger T, Laesser C (2014) The new frontiers of destination management applying variable geometry as a function-based approach. J Travel Res 53(4):403\u2013417","journal-title":"J Travel Res"},{"key":"60_CR9","unstructured":"Bettini M (2013) Venezia smart city\u2014Innovativit\u00e0 nella proposizione dei servizi. Available presentation at https:\/\/prezi.com\/r5kocavti5zj\/venezia-smart-city . Accessed 10 Apr 2015"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"60_CR10","first-page":"311","volume":"18","author":"E Binkhorst","year":"2009","unstructured":"Binkhorst E, Den Dekker T (2009) Agenda for co-creation tourism experience research. J Hosp Mark Manag 18(2\u20133):311\u2013327","journal-title":"J Hosp Mark Manag"},{"key":"60_CR11","unstructured":"Boes, K (2015) Smart tourism destinations: smartness as competitive advantage. In: ENTER2015 PhD workshop research proposals pp 11\u201315"},{"issue":"2","key":"60_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1002\/jtr.1910","volume":"16","author":"P Brejla","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brejla P, Gilbert D (2014) An exploratory use of web content analysis to understand cruise tourism services. Int J Tour Res 16(2):157\u2013168","journal-title":"Int J Tour Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"60_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1108\/17465640810900568","volume":"3","author":"A Bryman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bryman A (2008) Of methods and methodology. Qual Res Org Manag: Int J 3(2):159\u2013168","journal-title":"Qual Res Org Manag: Int J"},{"issue":"1","key":"60_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5177(99)00095-3","volume":"21","author":"D Buhalis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Buhalis D (2000) Marketing the competitive destination of the future. Tour Manag 21(1):97\u2013116","journal-title":"Tour Manag"},{"key":"60_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-03973-2_40","volume-title":"Information and communication technologies in tourism 2014","author":"D Buhalis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Buhalis D, Amaranggana A (2013) Smart Tourism Destinations. In: Xiang Z, Tussyadiah I (eds) Information and communication technologies in tourism 2014. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 553\u2013556"},{"key":"60_CR16","first-page":"377","volume-title":"Information and communication technologies in tourism 2015","author":"D Buhalis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Buhalis D, Amaranggana A (2014) Smart tourism destinations enhancing tourism experience through personalisation of services. In: Tussyadiah I, Inversini A (eds) Information and communication technologies in tourism 2015. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 377\u2013389"},{"issue":"3","key":"60_CR17","first-page":"151","volume":"4","author":"D Buhalis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Buhalis D, Foerste M (2015) SoCoMo Marketing for travel and tourism: empowering co-creation of value. J Desti Market Manag 4(3):151\u2013161","journal-title":"J Desti Market Manag"},{"key":"60_CR18","unstructured":"Caragliu A, Del Bo C, Nijkamp P (2009) Smart cities in Europe. In: Proceedings to the 3rd central European conference on regional science, Ko\u0161ice, Slovak Republic"},{"issue":"3","key":"60_CR19","first-page":"145","volume":"4","author":"G Chiappa Del","year":"2015","unstructured":"Del Chiappa G, Baggio R (2015) Knowledge transfer in smart tourism destinations: analyzing the effects of a network structure. J Dest Market Manag 4(3):145\u2013150","journal-title":"J Dest Market Manag"},{"key":"60_CR20","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"M Chui","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chui M, L\u00f6ffler M, Roberts R (2010) The Internet of things. McKinsey 2:1\u20139","journal-title":"McKinsey"},{"key":"60_CR21","unstructured":"Cohen B (2012) Smart cities hub. Retrieved 22 July 2013, from http:\/\/smartcitieshub.com\/2012\/11\/11\/smart-cities-ranking-methodology\/"},{"key":"60_CR22","unstructured":"Comune di Venezia (2014) Annuario del Turismo del Comune di Venezia 2013. CPM Editoria per la comunicazione"},{"issue":"4","key":"60_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.1989.4308385","volume":"14","author":"KM Eisenhardt","year":"1989","unstructured":"Eisenhardt KM (1989) Building theories from case study research. Acad Manag Rev 14(4):532\u2013550","journal-title":"Acad Manag Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"60_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1080\/01972240290075129","volume":"18","author":"N Green","year":"2002","unstructured":"Green N (2002) On the move: technology, mobility, and the mediation of social time and space. Inf Soc 18(4):281\u2013292","journal-title":"Inf Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"60_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.3727\/108354209X12596287114219","volume":"14","author":"U Gretzel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gretzel U, Jamal T (2009) Conceptualizing the creative tourist class: technology, mobility and tourism experiences. Tour Anal 14(4):471\u2013481","journal-title":"Tour Anal"},{"issue":"3","key":"60_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-015-0196-8","volume":"25","author":"U Gretzel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gretzel U, Sigala M, Xiang Z, Koo C (2015a) Smart tourism: foundations and developments. Electron Mark 25(3):179\u2013188","journal-title":"Electron Mark"},{"key":"60_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.03.043","volume":"50","author":"U Gretzel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gretzel U, Werthner H, Koo C, Lamsfus C (2015b) Conceptual foundations for understanding smart tourism ecosystems. Comput Hum Behav 50:558\u2013563","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"key":"60_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-38082-2_15","volume-title":"The future internet","author":"V Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez V, Galache JA, S\u00e1nchez L, Mu\u00f1oz L, Hern\u00e1ndez-Mu\u00f1oz JM, Fernandes J et al (2013) Smart Santander: internet of things research and innovation through citizen participation. In: Galis A, Gavras A (eds) The future internet. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 173\u2013186"},{"issue":"3","key":"60_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/13604810802479126","volume":"12","author":"RG Holland","year":"2008","unstructured":"Holland RG (2008) Will the real smart city please stand up? City 12(3):303\u2013320","journal-title":"City"},{"issue":"3","key":"60_CR30","first-page":"187","volume":"4","author":"S Kladou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kladou S, Mavragani E (2015) Assessing destination image: an online marketing approach and the case of TripAdvisor. J Dest Market Manag 4(3):187\u2013193","journal-title":"J Dest Market Manag"},{"issue":"2","key":"60_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-012-0085-8","volume":"4","author":"N Komninos","year":"2013","unstructured":"Komninos N, Pallot M, Schaffers H (2013) Smart cities and the future Internet in Europe. special issue. J Knowl Econ 4(2):149\u2013231","journal-title":"J Knowl Econ"},{"key":"60_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s40558-014-0018-4","volume":"15","author":"T Kuflik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kuflik T, Wecker AJ, Lanir J, Stock O (2015) An integrative framework for extending the boundaries of the museum visit experience: linking the pre, during and post visit phases. Inf Technol Tour 15:17\u201347","journal-title":"Inf Technol Tour"},{"key":"60_CR33","first-page":"15","volume":"0","author":"C Lamsfus","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lamsfus C, Alzua-Sorzabal A (2013) Theoretical framework for a tourism internet of things: smart destinations. TourGUNE J Tour Hum Mobil 0:15\u201321","journal-title":"TourGUNE J Tour Hum Mobil"},{"key":"60_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lamsfus C, Mart\u00edn D, Alzua-Sorzabal A, Torres-Manzanera E (2015) Smart tourism destinations: an extended conception of smart cities focusing on human mobility. In: Information and communication technologies in tourism 2015. Springer International Publishing, pp 363\u2013375","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-14343-9_27"},{"key":"60_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin Y (2011) The application of the Internet of things in Hainan tourism scenic spot. In: Hainan: Seventh international conference on computational intelligence and security","DOI":"10.1109\/CIS.2011.347"},{"key":"60_CR35","unstructured":"Lopez de Avila A (2015) Smart destinations: XXI century tourism. Presented at the ENTER2015 conference on information and communication technologies in tourism. Lugano, Switzerland"},{"key":"60_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mingjun W, Zhen Y, Wei Z, Xishang D, Xiaofei Y, Chenggang S, Jinghai H (2012) A research on experimental system for Internet of Things major and application project. In: 2012 3rd international conference on system science, engineering design and manufacturing informatization (ICSEM), vol 1, pp 261\u2013263. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSSEM.2012.6340722"},{"key":"60_CR38","unstructured":"Minkiewicz J, Evans J, Bridson K (2009) Co-creation in the heritage sector paper presented at ANZMAC Conference 2009: sustainable management and marketing conference, Melbourne, pp 1\u201310"},{"issue":"1","key":"60_CR39","first-page":"36","volume":"1","author":"B Neuhofer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Neuhofer B, Buhalis D, Ladkin A (2012) Conceptualising technology enhanced destination experiences. J Destin Mark Manag 1(1):36\u201346","journal-title":"J Destin Mark Manag"},{"key":"60_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annals.2013.01.012","volume":"42","author":"NK Prebensen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Prebensen NK, Vitters\u00f8 J, Dahl TI (2013) Value co-creation significance of tourist resources. Annal Tour Res 42:240\u2013261","journal-title":"Annal Tour Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"60_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1504\/IJKBD.2014.065320","volume":"5","author":"A Presenza","year":"2014","unstructured":"Presenza A, Micera R, Splendiani S, Del Chiappa G (2014) Stakeholder e-involvement and participatory tourism planning: analysis of an Italian case study. Int J Knowle-Based Dev 5(3):311\u2013328","journal-title":"Int J Knowle-Based Dev"},{"key":"60_CR42","unstructured":"Provincia di Venezia (2014) Tutto \u00e8 cultura, in tutto c\u2019\u00e8 cultura. Rapporto Statistico 2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"60_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1007\/s00199-004-0509-1","volume":"24","author":"A Rustichini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rustichini A, Siconolfi P (2004) Growth in economies with non convexities: sunspots and lottery equilibria. Econ Theor 24(3):701\u2013726","journal-title":"Econ Theor"},{"key":"60_CR44","first-page":"229","volume":"1","author":"JOMG Salvado","year":"2011","unstructured":"Salvado JOMG, Ferreira AMAP, Costa CMM (2011) Co-creation: the travel agencies\u2019new frontier. Tour Manag Stud 1:229\u2013244","journal-title":"Tour Manag Stud"},{"issue":"31","key":"60_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-20898-0_31","volume":"6656","author":"H Schaffers","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schaffers H, Komninos N, Pallot M, Trousse B, Nilsson M, Oliveira A (2011) Smart cities and the future internet: towards cooperation frameworks for open innovation. Future Internet Assem 6656(31):431\u2013446","journal-title":"Future Internet Assem"},{"issue":"3","key":"60_CR46","first-page":"173","volume":"4","author":"S Supak","year":"2015","unstructured":"Supak S, Brothers G, Bohnenstiehl D, Devine H (2015) Geospatial analytics for federally managed tourism destinations and their demand markets. J Dest Market Manag 4(3):173\u2013186","journal-title":"J Dest Market Manag"},{"issue":"1","key":"60_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annals.2008.10.001","volume":"36","author":"IP Tussyadiah","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tussyadiah IP, Fesenmaier DR (2009) Mediating tourist experiences: access to places via shared videos. Ann Tour Res 36(1):24\u201340","journal-title":"Ann Tour Res"},{"key":"60_CR48","volume-title":"How to co-create Internet of things-enabled services for smarter cities","author":"S Vicini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vicini S, Bellini S, Sanna A (2012) How to co-create Internet of things-enabled services for smarter cities. IARIA, Stuttgart"},{"issue":"2","key":"60_CR49","first-page":"59","volume":"2","author":"D Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang D, Li XR, Li Y (2013) China\u2019s \u201csmart tourism destination\u201d initiative: a taste of the service-dominant logic. J Destin Mark Manag 2(2):59\u201361","journal-title":"J Destin Mark Manag"},{"issue":"3","key":"60_CR50","first-page":"143","volume":"4","author":"Z Xiang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xiang Z, Tussyadiah I, Buhalis D (2015) Special issue: smart destinations. J Destin Mark Manag 4(3):143\u2013201","journal-title":"J Destin Mark Manag"},{"key":"60_CR001","unstructured":"Yin RK (2003) Case study research: design and methods, 3rd edn. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage"},{"key":"60_CR51","volume-title":"Case study research: design and methods","author":"RK Yin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yin RK (2013) Case study research: design and methods. Sage Publications, London"},{"issue":"5","key":"60_CR52","first-page":"66","volume":"27","author":"LY Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang LY, Li N, Liu M (2012) On the basic concept of smarter tourism and its theoretical system. Tour Tribune 27(5):66\u201373","journal-title":"Tour Tribune"},{"key":"60_CR53","volume-title":"Information and communication technologies in tourism","author":"W Zhu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhu W, Zhang L, Li N (2014) Challenges, function changing of government and enterprises in chinese smart tourism. In: Xiang Z, Tussyadiah I (eds) Information and communication technologies in tourism. Springer, Dublin"}],"container-title":["Information Technology & Tourism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40558-016-0060-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40558-016-0060-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40558-016-0060-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]],"date-time":"2019-09-12T03:31:53Z","timestamp":1568259113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40558-016-0060-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["60"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40558-016-0060-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-3058","1943-4294"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-3058","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-4294","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]]}}}