{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T03:17:41Z","timestamp":1781925461667,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1878,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005246","name":"Institute of Education Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R305A120734"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R305A120734"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T18:02:17Z","timestamp":1603994537000},"page":"24-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Designing for the co-Orchestration of Social Transitions between Individual, Small-Group and Whole-Class Learning in the Classroom"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4395-4096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer K.","family":"Olsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikol","family":"Rummel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Aleven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2012.7","article-title":"An ambient awareness tool for supporting supervised collaborative problem solving","volume":"5","author":"Alavi","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib2","unstructured":"Aleven, V., McLaughlin, E. A., Glenn, R. A., Koedinger, K. R. (2017). Instruction based on adaptive learning technologies. In R. E. Mayer and P. Alexander (Eds.), Handbook of research on learning and instruction. (pp. 522\u2013560). Routledge Handbooks Online."},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib3","unstructured":"Aronson, E. (1978). The jigsaw classroom. Sage."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib4","first-page":"1","article-title":"A pragmatic view of thematic analysis","volume":"2","author":"Aronson","year":"1995","journal-title":"The qualitative report"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1207\/S15326985EP3503_2","article-title":"Creating usable innovations in systemic reform: Scaling up technology-embedded project-based science in urban schools","volume":"35","author":"Blumenfeld","year":"2000","journal-title":"Educational Psychologist"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1300\/J370v20n02_02","article-title":"Combining explicit timing with an interdependent group contingency program to decrease transition times: An investigation of the timely transitions game","volume":"20","author":"Campbell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Applied School Psychology"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib7","unstructured":"Celepkolu, M., Wiggins, J.B., Boyer, K.E., McMullen, K. (2017). Think first: Fostering substantive contributions in collaborative problem-solving dialogues. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, Vol. 1 (pp. 295-302). ISLS."},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cuendet, S., Bonnard, Q., Kaplan, F., Dillenbourg, P. (2011). Paper interface design for classroom orchestration. In CHI\u201911 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1993-1998). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/1979742.1979904"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dellatola, E., & Daradoumis, T. (2014). Current trends in CSCL orchestration--new perspectives for improving CSCL orchestration in a language learning environment. In 2014 IEEE 14th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (pp. 413-415). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2014.124"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Framework for integrated learning","volume":"D23","author":"Dillenbourg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kaleidoscope Network of Excellence deliverable"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dillenbourg, P. (2009). Exploring neglected planes: Social signals and class orchestration. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, Vol. 2 (pp. 6-7). ISLS.","DOI":"10.3115\/1599503.1599506"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2013.04.013","article-title":"Design for Classroom Orchestration","volume":"69","author":"Dillenbourg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib13","series-title":"New science of learning","first-page":"525","article-title":"Technology for classroom orchestration","author":"Dillenbourg","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib14","series-title":"From books to MOOCs? Emerging models of learning and teaching in higher education","first-page":"17","article-title":"The complications of the orchestration clock","author":"Dillenbourg","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2729.2007.00191.x","article-title":"Flexibility in macro-scripts for computer-supported collaborative learning","volume":"23","author":"Dillenbourg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib16","unstructured":"Dillenbourg, P., Zufferey, G., Alavi, H., Jermann, P., Do-Lenh, S., Bonnard, Q., Cuendet, S., Kaplan, F. (2011). Classroom orchestration: The third circle of usability. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, Vol. 1 (pp. 510-517). ISLS."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/160940690600500107","article-title":"Demonstrating rigor using thematic analysis: A hybrid approach of inductive and deductive coding and theme development","volume":"5","author":"Fereday","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H\u00e5klev, S., Faucon, L., Hadzilacos, T., & Dillenbourg, P. (2017). Orchestration graphs: Enabling rich social pedagogical scenarios in MOOCs. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM Conference on Learning@ Scale (pp. 261-264). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/3051457.3054000"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-006-9048-0","article-title":"Transferability and naturalistic generalization: New generalizability concepts for social science or old wine in new bottles?","volume":"42","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"2008","journal-title":"Quality & Quantity"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holstein, K., Aleven, V., Rummel, N. (2020). A conceptual framework for human-AI hybrid adaptivity in education. In Proceedings of the 21 Interactional Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (pp. 240\u2013254). Cham: Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-52237-7_20"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holstein, K., Hong, G., Tegene, M., McLaren, B. M., & Aleven, V. (2018a). The classroom as a dashboard: Co-designing wearable cognitive augmentation for K-12 teachers. In Proceedings of the 8th International Learning Analytics & Knowledge Conference (pp. 79-88). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/3170358.3170377"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holstein, K., McLaren, B. M., Aleven, V. (2017). Intelligent tutors as teachers\u2019 aides: Exploring teacher needs for real-time analytics in blended classrooms. In Proceedings of the 7th International Learning Analytics & Knowledge Conference (pp. 257-266). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/3027385.3027451"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib23","series-title":"Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education","first-page":"154","article-title":"Student Learning Benefits of a Mixed-Reality Teacher Awareness Tool in AI-Enhanced Classrooms","author":"Holstein","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib24","series-title":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education","first-page":"157","article-title":"Designing for complementarity: Teacher and student needs for orchestration support in ai-enhanced classrooms","author":"Holstein","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib25","first-page":"43","article-title":"A data repository for the EDM community: The PSLC DataShop","volume":"43","author":"Koedinger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Handbook of educational data mining"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2013.04.008","article-title":"Orchestration is nothing without conducting\u2013but arranging ties the two together!: A response to Dillenbourg (2011)","volume":"69","author":"Kollar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib27","unstructured":"Kumar, R., Ros\u00e9, C. P., Wang, Y. C., Joshi, M., Robinson, A. (2007). Tutorial dialogue as adaptive collaborative learning support. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (pp. 383-390). ACM."},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2013.04.005","article-title":"Orchestration in a networked classroom: Where the teacher\u2019s real-time enactment matters","volume":"69","author":"Looi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Think-pair-share: An expanding teaching technique","volume":"1","author":"Lyman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Maa-Cie Cooperative News"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037123","article-title":"Intelligent tutoring systems and learning outcomes: A meta-analysis","volume":"106","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2011.2","article-title":"Adaptive and intelligent systems for collaborative learning support: A review of the field","volume":"4","author":"Magnisalis","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib32","unstructured":"Manathunga, K., & Hern\u00e1ndez-Leo, D. (2019). Flexible CSCL orchestration technology: Mechanisms for elasticity and dynamism in pyramid script flows. In the Proceedings of the 13th International Conference for Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, Vol. 1 (pp. 248-255). ISLS."},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manathunga, K., Hern\u00e1ndez-Leo, D., Caicedo, J., Ibarra, J. J., Martinez-Pabon, F., Ramirez-Gonzalez, G. (2015). Collaborative learning orchestration using smart displays and personal devices. In Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (pp. 596\u2013600). Springer International publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24258-3_67"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib34","series-title":"Intelligent collaborative e-learning systems and applications","first-page":"129","article-title":"Detecting and solving negative situations in real CSCL experiences with a role-based interaction analysis approach","author":"Marcos-Garc\u00eda","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s10606-015-9217-6","article-title":"Deploying and visualising teacher\u2019s scripts of small group activities in a multi-surface classroom ecology: A study in-the-wild","volume":"24","author":"Martinez-Maldonado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martinez-Maldonado, R., Dimitriadis, Y., Kay, J., Yacef, K., & Edbauer, M. T. (2013). MTClassroom and MTDashboard: Supporting analysis of teacher attention in an orchestrated multi-tabletop classroom. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference for Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, Vol. 1 (pp. 119-128). ISLS.","DOI":"10.1145\/2396636.2396655"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martinez-Maldonado, R., Pardo, A., Mirriahi, N., Yacef, K., Kay, J., & Clayphan, A. (2015b). The LATUX workflow: Designing and deploying awareness tools in technology-enabled learning settings. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (pp. 1-10). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/2723576.2723583"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib38","unstructured":"Martinez-Maldonado, R. M., Yacef, K., Kay, J., Kharrufa, A., Al-Qaraghuli, A. (2011). Analysing frequent sequential patterns of collaborative learning activity around an interactive tabletop. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Educational Data Mining (pp. 111-120). EDM."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1504\/IJSMARTTL.2016.078160","article-title":"Teacher orchestration and student learning during mathematics activities in a smart classroom","volume":"1","author":"Mercier","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Smart Technology and Learning"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib40","unstructured":"Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., Saldana, J. (2013). Qualitative data analysis. Sage."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2012.07.002","article-title":"The effect of positive feedback in a constraint-based intelligent tutoring system","volume":"60","author":"Mitrovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2018.2851585","article-title":"How teachers make dashboard information actionable","volume":"12","author":"Molenaar","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s11412-011-9122-z","article-title":"Are two heads always better than one? Differential effects of collaboration on students\u2019 computer-supported learning in mathematics","volume":"6","author":"Mullins","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2014.2370634","article-title":"Supporting teacher orchestration in ubiquitous learning environments: A study in primary education","volume":"8","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Crist\u00f3bal","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib45","series-title":"Porceedings of the 8th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning","first-page":"621","article-title":"Sharing the burden: Introducing student-centered orchestration in across-spaces learning situations","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Crist\u00f3bal","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib46","series-title":"New science of learning","first-page":"451","article-title":"Orchestrating learning in a one-to-one technology classroom","author":"Niramitranon","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogan, A., Walker, E., Baker, R. S., Rebolledo Mendez, G., Jimenez Castro, M., Laurentino, T., De Carvalho, A. (2012). Collaboration in cognitive tutor use in Latin America: Field study and design recommendations. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1381-1390). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208597"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib48","unstructured":"Olsen, J.K., Rummel, N., Aleven, V. (2017). Learning alone or together? A combination can be best! In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, Vol 1 (pp. 95-102). ISLS."},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.58459\/rptel.2007.251-74","article-title":"Designing formative assessment software with teachers: An analysis of the co-design process","volume":"2","author":"Penuel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.2190\/FJ51-5W3V-GGMC-4A92","article-title":"The role of research on contexts of teaching practice in informing the design of handheld learning technologies","volume":"30","author":"Penuel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Computing Research"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2016.01.011","article-title":"Streamlined orchestration: An orchestration workbench framework for effective teaching","volume":"95","author":"Phiri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib52","series-title":"Supporting orchestration of blended CSCL scenarios in Distributed Learning Environments [unpublished doctoral dissertation]","author":"Prieto","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2013.12.008","article-title":"Supporting orchestration of CSCL scenarios in web-based distributed learning environments","volume":"73","author":"Prieto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3402\/rlt.v23.28019","article-title":"Orchestration in learning technology research: Evaluation of a conceptual framework","volume":"23","author":"Prieto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Research in Learning Technology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTEL.2011.045449","article-title":"Orchestrating technology enhanced learning: A literature review and a conceptual framework","volume":"3","author":"Prieto","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2011.01.001","article-title":"Recurrent routines: Analyzing and supporting orchestration in technology-enhanced primary classrooms","volume":"57","author":"Prieto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib57","unstructured":"Putnam, V., & Conati, C. (2019). Exploring the need for explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). In Proceedings of the ACM IUI 2019 Workshops co-located with the 24th ACM Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces."},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raca, M., & Dillenbourg, P. (2013). System for assessing classroom attention. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (pp. 265-269). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/2460296.2460351"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib59","unstructured":"Rodriguez, F. J., Price, K.M., & Boyer, K.E. (2017). Expressing and addressing uncertainty: A study of collaborative problem-solving dialogues. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, Vol 1. (pp. 207-214). ISLS."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s11251-012-9208-7","article-title":"Evaluating metacognitive scaffolding in guided invention activities","volume":"40","author":"Roll","year":"2012","journal-title":"Instructional Science"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib61","unstructured":"Roscoe, R. D., Walker, E. A., Patchan, M. M. (2018). Facilitating peer tutoring and assessment in intelligent learning systems. In S. D. Craig (Ed.), Tutoring and Intelligent Tutoring Systems (pp. 41\u201368). Nova Science Publishers."},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib62","unstructured":"Sanders, L., & Simons, G. (2009). A social vision for value co-creation in design. Open Source Business Resource, (December 2009)."},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2013.04.014","article-title":"Shared orchestration within and beyond the classroom","volume":"69","author":"Sharples","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib64","first-page":"163","article-title":"The methodology of participatory design","volume":"52","author":"Spinuzzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Technical Communication"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3233\/IRG-2005-15(4)02","article-title":"From mirroring to guiding: A review of state of the art technology for supporting collaborative learning","volume":"15","author":"Soller","year":"2005","journal-title":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib66","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Education, NCES, SASS (2011). Public School Teacher Data File, 2011\u201312."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2015.22.11","article-title":"Learning analytics to support teachers during synchronous CSCL: Balancing between overview and overload","volume":"2","author":"van Leeuwen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of learning Analytics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s11412-019-09299-x","article-title":"What information should CSCL teacher dashboards provide to help teachers interpret CSCL situations?","volume":"14","author":"van Leeuwen","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib69","first-page":"42","article-title":"Measuring teacher sense making strategies of learning analytics: A case study","volume":"3","author":"van Leeuwen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Learning: Research and Practice"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib70","unstructured":"Van Lehn, K., Cheema, S., Wetzel, J., Pead, D. (2016). Some less obvious features of classroom orchestration systems. In L. Lin and R. Atkinson (Eds.), Educational technologies: Challenges, Applications and Learning Outcomes (pp. 73\u201394). Nova Science Publishers, Inc."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib71","first-page":"1499","article-title":"Learning dashboards: An overview and future research opportunities","volume":"18","author":"Verbert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-009-9069-1","article-title":"CTRL: A research framework for providing adaptive collaborative learning support","volume":"19","author":"Walker","year":"2009","journal-title":"User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s11412-011-9111-2","article-title":"Designing automated adaptive support to improve student helping behaviors in a peer tutoring activity","volume":"6","author":"Walker","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s40593-013-0001-9","article-title":"Adaptive intelligent support to improve peer tutoring in algebra","volume":"24","author":"Walker","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education"},{"key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, P., Tchounikine, P., & Quignard, M. (2015). A model to support monitoring for classroom orchestration in a tablet-based CSCL activity. In Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (pp. 491\u2013496). Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24258-3_45"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTEL.2018.088329","article-title":"Chao: A framework for the development of orchestration technologies for technology-enhanced learning activities using tablets in classrooms","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3102\/00028312039001165","article-title":"Tracing teachers\u2019 use of technology in a laptop computer school: The interplay of teacher beliefs, social dynamics, and institutional culture","volume":"39","author":"Windschitl","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Educational Research Journal"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1560429226001617?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1560429226001617?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T06:12:45Z","timestamp":1779084765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1560429226001617"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1560429226001617"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1560-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1560-4292","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Designing for the co-Orchestration of Social Transitions between Individual, Small-Group and Whole-Class Learning in the Classroom","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40593-020-00228-w","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}