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In this paper, we propose a POS-aware adjacent relation attention network (POS-ARAN) for question classification, which enhance context representations with POS information and neighboring signals. To consider the local context, we propose an adjacent relation attention mechanism, which incorporates a Gaussian bias via a dynamic window to revise the vanilla self-attention mechanism. Thus, it can capture both the long-term dependency and local representation of semantic relations among words in different sentences. In addition, a POS-aware embedding layer is proposed, which helps to locate the appropriate headwords by syntactic information. Extensive experiments are conducted on Experimental Data for Question Classification (EDQC) dataset and Yahoo! Answers Comprehensive Questions and Answers 1.0, the results demonstrate that our model significantly outperforms the existing methods, achieving 95.59% in coarse-grained level accuracy and 92.91% in fine-grained level accuracy, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-023-01067-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T12:04:25Z","timestamp":1682510665000},"page":"6191-6209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Enhancing context representations with part-of-speech information and neighboring signals for question classification"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Peizhu","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7249-698X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yurong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Minjie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1067_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu X, Gong R, Chen P (2021) Question classification method in disease question answering system based on mcdplstm. 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