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In this work, the layout scheme and its temperature field are represented by images whose relation can be well approximated by a deep neural network. Therefore, we propose an online deep surrogate-assisted optimization algorithm for thermal layout optimization. First, the iterative local search is developed to explore the discrete decision space to generate new layout schemes. Then, we design a deep neural network to build an image-to-image mapping model between the layout and the temperature field as the approximated evaluation. The operating temperature of the layout can be measured by the temperature field predicted by the mapping model. Finally, a segmented fusion model management strategy is proposed to online updates the parameters of the network. The experimental results on three kinds of layout datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm, especially when the required computational budget is limited.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-023-01276-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T03:01:29Z","timestamp":1700622089000},"page":"2459-2475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["An online surrogate-assisted neighborhood search algorithm based on deep neural network for thermal layout optimization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jiliang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4805-3780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Handing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"1276_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.09.041","volume":"93","author":"K Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen K, Wang S, Song M (2016) Optimization of heat source distribution for two-dimensional heat conduction using bionic method. 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