{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T03:04:58Z","timestamp":1763175898910,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PNURSP2025R404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2025R404"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Complex Intell. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-025-02104-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T08:40:20Z","timestamp":1761295220000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Modeling uncertainty in course selection using singular value decomposition-based energy measures within neutrosophic frameworks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0776-2652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tmader","family":"Alballa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8504-0512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Asghar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shahzad","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sultan S.","family":"Alodhaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hamiden Abd El-Wahed","family":"Khalifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2104_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lynn ND, Emanuel AWR (2021, March). A review on Recommender Systems for course selection in higher education. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 1098, No. 3, p. 032039). IOP Publishing","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/1098\/3\/032039"},{"issue":"2","key":"2104_CR2","first-page":"71","volume":"4","author":"NL Hussin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hussin NL, Muhamad N, Sukor MKTA (2019) Determinants of students\u2019choice of courses and university selection. J Business Innovation 4(2):71","journal-title":"J Business Innovation"},{"key":"2104_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2015.12.002","volume":"29","author":"I Ognjanovic","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ognjanovic I, Gasevic D, Dawson S (2016) Using institutional data to predict student course selections in higher education. Internet Higher Educ 29:49\u201362","journal-title":"Internet Higher Educ"},{"key":"2104_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2013.01.015","volume":"65","author":"AA Kardan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kardan AA, Sadeghi H, Ghidary SS, Sani MRF (2013) Prediction of student course selection in online higher education institutes using neural network. Comput Educ 65:1\u201311","journal-title":"Comput Educ"},{"key":"2104_CR5","first-page":"1","volume":"103","author":"G Ivan","year":"1978","unstructured":"Ivan G (1978) The energy of a graph. Ber Math Statist Sekt Forschungsz Graz 103:1\u201322","journal-title":"Ber Math Statist Sekt Forschungsz Graz"},{"key":"2104_CR6","unstructured":"Gutman I, Furtula B (2019) Graph energies and their applications. Bulletin (Acad\u00e9mie serbe des sciences et des arts. Classe des sciences math\u00e9matiques et naturelles. Sciences math\u00e9matiques), (44):29-45"},{"issue":"2","key":"2104_CR7","first-page":"85","volume":"2","author":"I Gutman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gutman I, Furtula B (2017) Survey of graph energies. Math Interdisciplinary Res 2(2):85\u2013129","journal-title":"Math Interdisciplinary Res"},{"key":"2104_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.laa.2016.05.011","volume":"506","author":"V Nikiforov","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nikiforov V (2016) Beyond graph energy: norms of graphs and matrices. Linear Algebra Appl 506:82\u2013138","journal-title":"Linear Algebra Appl"},{"key":"2104_CR9","first-page":"149","volume":"312","author":"D Bravo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bravo D, Cubr\u00eda F, Rada J (2017) Energy of matrices. Appl Math Comput 312:149\u2013157","journal-title":"Appl Math Comput"},{"issue":"8","key":"2104_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.3390\/math6080136","volume":"6","author":"M Akram","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akram M, Naz S (2018) Energy of pythagorean fuzzy graphs with applications. Mathematics 6(8):136","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2104_CR11","first-page":"573","volume":"62","author":"I Gutman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gutman I, Kiani D, Mirzakhah M (2009) On incidence energy of graphs. Match 62(3):573","journal-title":"Match"},{"issue":"1","key":"2104_CR12","first-page":"28","volume":"79","author":"Z Baser","year":"2025","unstructured":"Baser Z, Ulucay V (2025) Energy of a neutrosophic soft set and its applications to multi-criteria decision-making problems. Neutrosophic Sets Syst 79(1):28","journal-title":"Neutrosophic Sets Syst"},{"key":"2104_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2015.05.009","volume":"281","author":"LA Zadeh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zadeh LA (2015) Fuzzy logic-a personal perspective. Fuzzy Sets Syst 281:4\u201320","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"2104_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Atanassov KT, Atanassov KT (1999) Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (pp. 1-137). Physica-Verlag HD","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7908-1870-3_1"},{"key":"2104_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cuong BC, Kreinovich V (2013, December). Picture fuzzy sets-a new concept for computational intelligence problems. In 2013 third world congress on information and communication technologies (WICT 2013) (pp. 1-6). IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/WICT.2013.7113099"},{"key":"2104_CR16","unstructured":"Smarandache F (1998) Neutrosophy: neutrosophic probability, set, and logic: analytic synthesis & synthetic analysis"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"2104_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0898-1221(99)00056-5","volume":"37","author":"D Molodtsov","year":"1999","unstructured":"Molodtsov D (1999) Soft set theory-first results. Comput Math Appl 37(4\u20135):19\u201331","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"2104_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0898-1221(03)00016-6","volume":"45","author":"PK Maji","year":"2003","unstructured":"Maji PK, Biswas R, Roy AR (2003) Soft set theory. Comput Math Appl 45(4\u20135):555\u2013562","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"key":"2104_CR19","unstructured":"Maji PK (2013) Neutrosophic soft set. Infinite Study"},{"issue":"3","key":"2104_CR20","first-page":"137","volume":"8","author":"N Cagman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cagman N, Enginoglu S, Citak F (2011) Fuzzy soft set theory and its applications. Iran J Fuzzy Syst 8(3):137\u2013147","journal-title":"Iran J Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"2104_CR21","first-page":"107","volume":"70","author":"A Kargin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kargin A, Sahin M, Sigva KA (2024) Operators based on multiple generalized set-valued neutrosophic quadruple sets. Neutrosophic Sets Syst 70:107\u2013136","journal-title":"Neutrosophic Sets Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"2104_CR22","first-page":"10","volume":"70","author":"M Sahin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sahin M, Kargin A, Yalva D (2024) Some operators for interval generalized set valued neutrosophic quintuple numbers and sets. Neutrosophic Sets Syst 70(1):10","journal-title":"Neutrosophic Sets Syst"},{"key":"2104_CR23","unstructured":"\u00c5z\u0303ahin M (2022) The neutro-sigma algebras and anti-sigma algebras. Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 51:908\u2013922"},{"key":"2104_CR24","unstructured":"\u00c5z\u0303ahin M, Karg\u00c4$$\\pm $$n A, Uz MS (2021) Generalized euclid measures based on generalized set valued neutrosophic quadruple numbers and multi criteria decision making applications. Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 47:573\u2013600"},{"key":"2104_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.61356\/j.nswa.2023.83","volume":"11","author":"S Broumi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Broumi S, Krishna Prabha S, Ulu\u00e7ay V (2023) Interval-valued fermatean neutrosophic shortest path problem via score function. Neutrosophic Syst Appl 11:1\u201310","journal-title":"Neutrosophic Syst Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"2104_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1108\/MD-05-2022-0660","volume":"61","author":"N Qiuping","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qiuping N, Yuanxiang T, Broumi S, Ulu\u00e7ay V (2023) A parametric neutrosophic model for the solid transportation problem. Manag Decis 61(2):421\u2013442","journal-title":"Manag Decis"},{"key":"2104_CR27","unstructured":"Mohan S, Kannusamy AP, Samiappan V (2020) A new approach for ranking of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. J Fuzzy Extension Appl 1(1):15\u201326"},{"issue":"3","key":"2104_CR28","first-page":"374","volume":"5","author":"M Ghaforiyan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ghaforiyan M, Sorourkhah A, Edalatpanah SA (2024) Identifying and prioritizing antifragile tourism strategies in a neutrosophic environment. J Fuzzy Extension Appl 5(3):374\u2013394","journal-title":"J Fuzzy Extension Appl"},{"key":"2104_CR29","unstructured":"\u015eahin M (2021) Neutrosophic Multigroup Homomorphism and Some of its Properties. Int J Neutrosophic Sci (IJNS), 17(2)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2104_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30475","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-78384-5","volume":"14","author":"NG El Sayed","year":"2024","unstructured":"El Sayed NG, Yousef AM, El-Saady G, Alanazi MD, Ziedan HA, Abdelsattar M (2024) Artificial intelligent fuzzy control and lapo algorithm for enhancement lvrt and power quality of grid connected pv\/wind hybrid systems. Sci Rep 14(1):30475","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2104_CR31","first-page":"89","volume":"5","author":"M Abdelsattar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdelsattar M, Mesalam A, Fawzi A, Hamdan I (2024) Optimizing grid-dependent hybrid renewable energy system with the african vultures optimization algorithm. SVU-Int J Eng Sci Appl 5(1):89\u201398","journal-title":"SVU-Int J Eng Sci Appl"},{"key":"2104_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdelsattar M, Ismeil AM, Menoufi K, AbdelMoety A, Emad-Eldeen A (2025) Evaluating machine learning and deep learning models for predicting wind turbine power output from environmental factors. PLoS ONE 20(1):e0317619","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0317619"},{"key":"2104_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diab AAZ, Abd El-Sattar M (2018, January). Adaptive model predictive based load frequency control in an interconnected power system. In 2018 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EIConRus) (pp. 604-610). IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/EIConRus.2018.8317170"},{"key":"2104_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.04.105","volume":"190","author":"HW Lo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lo HW, Liou JJ, Wang HS, Tsai YS (2018) An integrated model for solving problems in green supplier selection and order allocation. J Clean Prod 190:339\u2013352","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"issue":"89","key":"2104_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2016.02.015","volume":"1","author":"N Banaeian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Banaeian N, Mobli H, Fahimnia B, Nielsen IE, Omid M (2018) Green supplier selection using fuzzy group decision making methods: a case study from the agri-food industry. Comput Oper Res 1(89):337\u201347","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2104_CR36","first-page":"28","volume":"79","author":"Z Baser","year":"2025","unstructured":"Baser Z, Ulucay V (2025) Energy of a neutrosophic soft set and its applications to multi-criteria decision-making problems. Neutrosophic Sets Syst 79(1):28","journal-title":"Neutrosophic Sets Syst"},{"key":"2104_CR37","unstructured":"Mudric0Stani\u0161kovski L, Djurovic L, Stojanovic N (2024) Energy of a fuzzy soft set and its application in decision-making. Iran J Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"2104_CR38","unstructured":"Smarandache F, Broumi S, Bakali A, Talea M, Ali M, Selvachandran G (2017) Complex neutrosophic soft set. In 2017 FUZZ-IEEE Conference on Fuzzy Systems, Naples, Italy, 9-12 July 2017 (p. 1). IEEE"},{"key":"2104_CR39","unstructured":"Smarandache F (1998) Neutrosophy: neutrosophic probability, set, and logic: analytic synthesis & synthetic analysis"},{"key":"2104_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-015-2154-y","volume":"28","author":"M Ali","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ali M, Smarandache F (2017) Complex neutrosophic set. Neural Comput Appl 28:1817\u20131834","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"2104_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1109\/91.995119","volume":"10","author":"D Ramot","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ramot D, Milo R, Friedman M, Kandel A (2002) Complex fuzzy sets. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 10(2):171\u2013186","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"2104_CR42","first-page":"2233","volume":"28","author":"I Deli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deli I, Broumi S (2015) Neutrosophic soft matrices and nsm-decision making. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 28(5):2233\u20132241","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"2104_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aggarwal CC, Aggarwal LF, Lagerstrom-Fife (2020) Linear algebra and optimization for machine learning, vol 156. Springer International Publishing, Cham","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-40344-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"2104_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2375110","DOI":"10.1080\/08839514.2024.2375110","volume":"38","author":"KA Khan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khan KA, Asghar A, Rahman AU, Mabela RM (2024) An algorithmic multiple attribute decision-making context to model uncertainty associated with hospital site selection problem using complex sv-neutrosophic soft information. Appl Artif Intell 38(1):2375110","journal-title":"Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"2104_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.61356\/j.hsse.2024.18250","volume":"1","author":"M Saeed","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saeed M, Shafique I (2024) Relation on fermatean neutrosophic soft set with application to sustainable agriculture. HyperSoft Set Methods Eng 1:21\u201333","journal-title":"HyperSoft Set Methods Eng"},{"key":"2104_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Qudah Y (2024) A robust framework for the decision-making based on single-valued neutrosophic fuzzy soft expert setting. Int J Neutrosophic Sci 23(2):195\u201395","DOI":"10.54216\/IJNS.230216"},{"issue":"1","key":"2104_CR47","volume":"2014","author":"T Kumar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kumar T, Bajaj RK (2014) On complex intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets with distance measures and entropies. J Math 2014(1):972198","journal-title":"J Math"},{"key":"2104_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shanthi SA, Umamakeswari T, Saranya M Complex picture fuzzy soft set in pattern recognition. In American Institute of Physics Conference Series 2023 Sep (Vol. 2764, No. 1, p. 030009)","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0144194"},{"issue":"12","key":"2104_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19500","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3356556","volume":"22","author":"M Abdelsattar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdelsattar M, Ismeil MA, Aly MM, Abu-Elwfa SS (2024) Energy management of microgrid with renewable energy sources: a case study in hurghada Egypt. IEEE Access 22(12):19500\u20139","journal-title":"IEEE Access"}],"container-title":["Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40747-025-02104-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40747-025-02104-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40747-025-02104-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T03:03:11Z","timestamp":1763175791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40747-025-02104-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40747-025-02104-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2199-4536","2198-6053"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2199-4536"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2198-6053"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no Conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"474"}}