{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T12:06:06Z","timestamp":1777637166476,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]],"date-time":"2018-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71633002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71633002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Fuzzy Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40815-017-0438-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]],"date-time":"2018-01-11T00:19:35Z","timestamp":1515629975000},"page":"2216-2233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Consistency and Consensus Models with Local Adjustment Strategy for Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Preference Relations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yejun","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"438_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2013.04.002","volume":"17","author":"E Herrera-Viedma","year":"2014","unstructured":"Herrera-Viedma, E., Cabrerizo, F.J., Kacprzyk, J., Pedrycz, W.: A review of soft consensus models in a fuzzy environment. Inf. Fusion 17, 4\u201313 (2014)","journal-title":"Inf. Fusion"},{"key":"438_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2014.03.002","volume":"20","author":"I Palomares","year":"2014","unstructured":"Palomares, I., Estrella, F.J., Mart\u00ednez, L., Herrera, F.: Consensus under a fuzzy context: taxonomy, analysis framework AFRYCA and experimental case of study. Inf. Fusion 20, 252\u2013271 (2014)","journal-title":"Inf. Fusion"},{"key":"438_CR3","first-page":"529","volume":"25","author":"V Torra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Torra, V.: Hesitant fuzzy sets. Int. J. Intell. Syst. 25, 529\u2013539 (2010)","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"438_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2011.2170076","volume":"20","author":"RM Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez, R.M., Mart\u00ednez, L., Herrera, F.: Hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets for decision making. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 20, 109\u2013119 (2012)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"438_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.02.125","volume":"271","author":"HC Liao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liao, H.C., Xu, Z.S., Zeng, X.J.: Distance and similarity measure for hesitant fuzzy linguistic terms sets and their application in multi-criteria decision making. Inf. Sci. 271, 125\u2013142 (2014)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.04.006","volume":"357","author":"ZS Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen, Z.S., Chin, K.S., Li, Y.L., Yang, Y.: Proportional hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set for multiple criteria group decision making. Inf. Sci. 357, 61\u201387 (2016)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2017.02.008","volume":"38","author":"XJ Gou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gou, X.J., Liao, H.C., Xu, Z.S., Herrera, F.: Double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set and MULTIMOORA method: a case of study to evaluate the implementation status of haze controlling measures. Inf. Fusion 38, 22\u201334 (2017)","journal-title":"Inf. Fusion"},{"key":"438_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.04.006","volume":"241","author":"RM Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez, R.M., Mart\u00ednez, L., Herrera, F.: A group decision making model dealing with comparative linguistic expressions based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets. Inf. Sci. 241, 28\u201342 (2013)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.07.027","volume":"258","author":"HB Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu, H.B., Rodr\u00edguez, R.M.: A fuzzy envelope for hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set and its application to multicriteria decision making. Inf. Sci. 258, 220\u2013238 (2014)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2013.2269144","volume":"22","author":"CP Wei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wei, C.P., Zhao, N., Tang, X.J.: Operators and comparisons of hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 22, 575\u2013585 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"438_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.2991\/ijcis.2015.8.1.2","volume":"8","author":"H Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang, H.: Extended hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets and their aggregation in group decision making. Int. J. Comput. Intell. Syst. 8, 14\u201333 (2015)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"438_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-015-0417-7","volume":"7","author":"YJ Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu, Y.J., Xu, A.W., Wang, H.M.: Hesitant fuzzy linguistic linear programming technique for multidimensional analysis of preference for multi-attribute group decision making. Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybernet. 7, 845\u2013855 (2016)","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybernet."},{"key":"438_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2016.08.044","volume":"49","author":"YL Zhai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhai, Y.L., Xu, Z.S., Liao, H.C.: Probabilistic linguistic vector-term set and its application in group decision making with multi-granular linguistic information. Appl. Soft Comput. 49, 801\u2013816 (2016)","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"438_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2007.06.013","volume":"189","author":"YC Dong","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dong, Y.C., Xu, Y.F., Li, H.Y.: On consistency measures of linguistic preference relations. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 189, 430\u2013444 (2008)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"438_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2013.2245136","volume":"22","author":"B Zhu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhu, B., Xu, Z.S.: Consistency measures for hesitant fuzzy linguistic preference relations. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 22, 35\u201345 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"438_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2015.09.058","volume":"42","author":"H Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, H., Xu, Z.S.: Interactive algorithms for improving incomplete linguistic preference relations based on consistency measures. Appl. Soft Comput. 42, 66\u201379 (2016)","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"438_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.11.011","volume":"297","author":"YC Dong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dong, Y.C., Chen, X., Herrera, F.: Minimizing adjusted simple terms in the consensus reaching process with hesitant linguistic assessments in group decision making. Inf. Sci. 297, 95\u2013117 (2015)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.05.057","volume":"282","author":"ZM Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang, Z.M., Wu, C.: A decision support model for group decision making with hesitant multiplicative preference relations. Inf. Sci. 282, 136\u2013166 (2014)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2017.04.068","volume":"58","author":"YJ Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu, Y.J., Cabrerizo, F.J., Herrera-Viedma, E.: A consensus model for hesitant fuzzy preference relations and its application in water allocation management. Appl. Soft Comput. 58, 265\u2013284 (2017)","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"438_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2005.853488","volume":"36","author":"D Ben-Arieh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ben-Arieh, D., Chen, Z.F.: Linguistic-labels aggregation and consensus measure for autocratic decision making using group recommendations. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part A Syst. Hum. 36, 558\u2013568 (2006)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part A Syst. Hum."},{"key":"438_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2009.2013457","volume":"17","author":"F Mata","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mata, F., Mart\u00ednez, L., Herrera-Viedma, E.: An adaptive consensus support model for group decision-making problems in a multigranular fuzzy linguistic context. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 17, 279\u2013290 (2009)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"438_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2009.08.013","volume":"203","author":"YC Dong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dong, Y.C., Xu, Y.F., Li, H.Y., Feng, B.: The OWA-based consensus operator under linguistic representation models using position indexes. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 203, 455\u2013463 (2010)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"438_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2012.03.016","volume":"206","author":"ZB Wu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wu, Z.B., Xu, J.P.: A concise consensus support model for group decision making with reciprocal preference relations based on deviation measures. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 206, 58\u201373 (2012)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"438_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2012.08.009","volume":"13","author":"S Alonso","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alonso, S., Perez, I.J., Cabrerizo, F.J., Herrera-Viedma, E.: A linguistic consensus model for Web 2.0 communities. Appl. Soft Comput. 13, 149\u2013157 (2013)","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"438_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.08.029","volume":"253","author":"YJ Xu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xu, Y.J., Li, K.W., Wang, H.M.: Distance-based consensus models for fuzzy and multiplicative preference relations. Inf. Sci. 253, 56\u201373 (2013)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.12.014","volume":"11","author":"YJ Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu, Y.J., Liang, C.Y., Chiclana, F., Wu, J.: A trust induced recommendation mechanism for reaching consensus in group decision making. Knowl. Based Syst. 11, 221\u2013231 (2017)","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"438_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2017.01.031","volume":"122","author":"J Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu, J., Chiclana, F., Fujita, H., Herrera-Viedma, E.: A visual interaction consensus model for social network group decision making with trust propagation. Knowl. Based Syst. 122, 39\u201350 (2017)","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"438_CR28","volume-title":"The Concept of a Linguistic Variable and Its Application to Approximate Reasoning","author":"LA Zadeh","year":"1974","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.A.: The Concept of a Linguistic Variable and Its Application to Approximate Reasoning. Springer, New York (1974)"},{"key":"438_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0255(95)00025-K","volume":"85","author":"F Herrera","year":"1995","unstructured":"Herrera, F., Herrera-Viedma, E., Verdegay, J.L.: A sequential selection process in group decision making with a linguistic assessment approach. Inf. Sci. 85, 223\u2013239 (1995)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2003.10.006","volume":"166","author":"ZS Xu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Xu, Z.S.: A method based on linguistic aggregation operators for group decision making with linguistic preference relations. Inf. Sci. 166, 19\u201330 (2004)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2016.06.002","volume":"34","author":"ZS Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu, Z.S., Wang, H.: On the syntax and semantics of virtual linguistic terms for information fusion in decision making. Inf. Fusion 34, 43\u201348 (2017)","journal-title":"Inf. Fusion"},{"key":"438_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2004.04.008","volume":"33","author":"ZS Xu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Xu, Z.S.: Deviation measures of linguistic preference relations in group decision making. Omega 33, 249\u2013254 (2005)","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"438_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2014.2360556","volume":"23","author":"HC Liao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liao, H.C., Xu, Z.S., Zeng, X.J.: Hesitant fuzzy linguistic VIKOR method and its application in qualitative multiple criteria decision making. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 23, 1343\u20131355 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"438_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.03.013","volume":"83","author":"YJ Xu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xu, Y.J., Zhang, W.C., Wang, H.M.: A conflict-eliminating approach for emergency group decision of unconventional incidents. Knowl. Based Syst. 83, 92\u2013104 (2015)","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"438_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2012.01.006","volume":"17","author":"GQ Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang, G.Q., Dong, Y.C., Xu, Y.F.: Consistency and consensus measures for linguistic preference relations based on distribution assessments. Inf. Fusion 17, 46\u201355 (2014)","journal-title":"Inf. Fusion"},{"key":"438_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.06.021","volume":"369","author":"Q Pang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pang, Q., Wang, H., Xu, Z.S.: Probabilistic linguistic term sets in multi-attribute group decision making. Inf. Sci. 369, 128\u2013143 (2016)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"438_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.12.020","volume":"119","author":"CZ Bai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bai, C.Z., Zhang, R., Qian, L.X., Wu, Y.N.: Comparisons of probabilistic linguistic term sets for multi-criteria decision making. Knowl. Based Syst. 119, 284\u2013291 (2017)","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"438_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.01.047","volume":"99","author":"YJ Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu, Y.J., Chen, L., Rodr\u00edguez, R.M., Herrera, F., Wang, H.M.: Deriving the priority weights from incomplete hesitant fuzzy preference relations in group decision making. Knowl. Based Syst. 99, 71\u201378 (2016)","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40815-017-0438-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40815-017-0438-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40815-017-0438-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,27]],"date-time":"2018-09-27T05:19:24Z","timestamp":1538025564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40815-017-0438-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]}},"alternative-id":["438"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40815-017-0438-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1562-2479","2199-3211"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1562-2479","type":"print"},{"value":"2199-3211","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]]}}}