{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T09:47:54Z","timestamp":1768470474327,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]],"date-time":"2020-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586476800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]],"date-time":"2020-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008723","name":"Universidad de C\u00e1diz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Fuzzy Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40815-020-00821-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]],"date-time":"2020-04-10T13:02:58Z","timestamp":1586523778000},"page":"1056-1072","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Efficiencya Assessment and Target Setting Using a Fully Fuzzy DEA Approach"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Manuel","family":"Arana-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0829-4157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Carmen","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"821_CR1","volume-title":"Optimiality Conditions in Vector Optimization","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arana-Jim\u00e9nez, M. (ed.): Optimiality Conditions in Vector Optimization. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd, Bussum (2010)"},{"issue":"17","key":"821_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7421","DOI":"10.1002\/mma.4882","volume":"41","author":"M Arana-Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arana-Jim\u00e9nez, M.: Nondominated solutions in a fully fuzzy linear programming problem. Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 41(17), 7421\u20137430 (2018)","journal-title":"Math. Methods Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"821_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(78)90138-8","volume":"2","author":"A Charnes","year":"1978","unstructured":"Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W., Rhodes, E.: Measuring the efficiencies of DMUs. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 2(6), 429\u2013444 (1978)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"821_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-006-0074-z","volume":"147","author":"M Ehrgott","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ehrgott, M.: A discussion of scalarization techniques for multiple objective integer programming. Ann. Oper. Res. 147, 343\u2013360 (2006)","journal-title":"Ann. Oper. Res."},{"key":"821_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-41372-8_1","volume":"309","author":"A Emrouznejad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Emrouznejad, A., Tavana, M., Hatami-Marbini, A.: The state of the art in fuzzy data envelopment analysis. Stud. Fuzziness Soft Comput. 309, 1\u201345 (2014)","journal-title":"Stud. Fuzziness Soft Comput."},{"key":"821_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.06.025","volume":"89","author":"MR Ghasemi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ghasemi, M.R., Ignatius, J., Lozano, S., Emrouznejad, A., Hatami-Marbini, A.: A fuzzy expected value approach under generalized data envelopment analysis. Knowl. Based Syst. 89, 148\u2013159 (2015)","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"821_CR7","volume-title":"Applied Fuzzy Arithmetic","author":"M Hanss","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hanss, M.: Applied Fuzzy Arithmetic. Springer, Stuttgart (2005)"},{"key":"821_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2011.02.001","volume":"214","author":"A Hatami-Marbini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hatami-Marbini, A., Emrouznejad, A., Tavana, M.: A taxonomy and review of the fuzzy data envelopment analysis literature: two decades in the making. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 214, 457\u2013472 (2011a)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"821_CR9","first-page":"252","volume":"3","author":"A Hatami-Marbini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hatami-Marbini, A., Tavana, M., Ebrahimi, A.: A fully fuzzified data envelopment analysis model. Int. J. Inf. Decis. Sci. 3, 252\u2013264 (2011b)","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Decis. Sci."},{"key":"821_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2017.01.009","volume":"105","author":"A Hatami-Marbini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hatami-Marbini, A., Ebrahimnejad, A., Lozano, S.: Fuzzy efficiency measures in data envelopment analysis using lexicographic multiobjective approach. Comput. Ind. Eng. 105, 362\u2013376 (2017)","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"821_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2017.12.023","volume":"117","author":"A Hatami-Marbini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hatami-Marbini, A., Beigi, Z.A., Hougaard, J.L., Gholami, K.: Measurement of returns-to-scale using interval data envelopment analysis models. Comput. Ind. Eng. 117, 94\u2013107 (2018)","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"821_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(98)00137-7","volume":"113","author":"C Kao","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kao, C., Liu, S.T.: Fuzzy efficiency measures in data envelopment analysis. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 113, 427\u2013437 (2000)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"821_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.22436\/jmcs.011.03.07","volume":"11","author":"M Kazemi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kazemi, M., Amili, A.: A fully fuzzy approach to data envelopment analysis. J. Math. Comput. Sci. 11, 238\u2013245 (2014)","journal-title":"J. Math. Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"30","key":"821_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84752","DOI":"10.17485\/ijst\/2015\/v8i1\/84752","volume":"8","author":"S Khaleghi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khaleghi, S., Noura, A., Hosseinzadeh, Lotfi F.: Measuring efficiency and ranking fully fuzzy DEA. Indian J. Sci. Technol. 8(30), 84752 (2015)","journal-title":"Indian J. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"821_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s11123-018-0534-x","volume":"50","author":"S Lozano","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lozano, S., Soltani, N.: DEA target setting using lexicographic and endogenous Directional Distance Function approaches. J. Prod. Anal. 50(1\u20132), 55\u201370 (2018a)","journal-title":"J. Prod. Anal."},{"key":"821_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/itor.12617","author":"S Lozano","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lozano, S., Soltani, N.: Efficiency assessment using a multidirectional DDF approach. Int. Trans. Oper. Res. (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/itor.12617","journal-title":"Int. Trans. Oper. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"821_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00158-003-0368-6","volume":"26","author":"R Marler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Marler, R., Arora, J.: Survey of multi-objective optimization methods for engineering. Struct. Multidiscip. Opt. 26(6), 269\u2013395 (2004)","journal-title":"Struct. Multidiscip. Opt."},{"key":"821_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10090384","volume":"10","author":"A Namakin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Namakin, A., Najafi, S.E., Fallah, M., Javadi, M.: A new evaluation for solving the fully fuzzy data envelopment analysis with Z-numbers. Symmetry 10, 384 (2018)","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"issue":"3","key":"821_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1007\/s13198-015-0348-4","volume":"6","author":"J Puri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Puri, J., Yadav, S.P.: A fully fuzzy approach to DEA and multi-component DEA for measuring fuzzy technical efficiencies in the presence of undesirable outputs. Int. J. Syst. Assur. Eng. Manag. 6(3), 268\u2013285 (2015)","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Assur. Eng. Manag."},{"issue":"2","key":"821_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/s40815-015-0031-6","volume":"18","author":"J Puri","year":"2016","unstructured":"Puri, J., Yadav, S.P.: A fully fuzzy DEA approach for cost and revenue efficiency measurements in the presence of undesirable outputs and its application to the banking sector in India. Int. J. Fuzzy Syst. 18(2), 212\u2013226 (2016)","journal-title":"Int. J. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"821_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00182-2","volume":"144","author":"H Rom\u00e1n-Flores","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rom\u00e1n-Flores, H., Rojas-Medar, M.: Embedding of level-continuous fuzzy sets on Banach spaces. Inf. Sci. 144, 227\u2013247 (2002)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"821_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2018.10.013","volume":"126","author":"N Soltani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Soltani, N., Lozano, S.: Potential-based efficiency assessment and target setting. Comput. Ind. Eng. 126, 611\u2013624 (2018)","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"821_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3131","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-152039","volume":"30","author":"A Sotoudeh-Anvari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sotoudeh-Anvari, A., Najafi, E., Sadi-Nezhad, S.: A new data envelopment analysis in fully fuzzy environment on the base of the degree of certainty of information. J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst. 30, 3131\u20133142 (2016)","journal-title":"J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst."},{"issue":"18","key":"821_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2006.02.002","volume":"157","author":"L Stefanini","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stefanini, L., Sorini, L., Guerra, M.L.: Parametric representation of fuzzy numbers and application to fuzzy calculus. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 157(18), 2423\u20132455 (2006)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"821_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2018.04.009","volume":"362","author":"L Stefanini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stefanini, L., Arana-Jim\u00e9nez, M.: Karush-Kuhn\u2013Tucker conditions for interval and fuzzy optimization in several variables under total and directional generalized differentiability. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 362, 1\u201334 (2019)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"821_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.na.2008.12.005","volume":"71","author":"L Stefanini","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stefanini, L., Bede, B.: Generalized Hukuhara differentiability of interval-valued functions and interval differential equations. Nonlinear Anal. 71, 1311\u20131328 (2009)","journal-title":"Nonlinear Anal."},{"key":"821_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2013.05.014","volume":"52","author":"M Tavana","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tavana, M., Khanjani Shiraz, R., Hatami-Marbini, A., Agrell, P.J., Paryab, K.: Chance-constrained DEA models with random fuzzy inputs and outputs. Knowl. Based Syst. 52, 32\u201352 (2013)","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"821_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2008.06.102","volume":"36","author":"YM Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang, Y.M., Luo, Y., Liang, L.: Fuzzy data envelopment analysis based upon fuzzy arithmetic with an application to performance assessment of manufacturing enterprises. Expert Syst. Appl. 36, 5205\u20135211 (2009)","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"821_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2011.03.049","volume":"38","author":"YM Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang, Y.M., Chin, K.S.: Fuzzy data envelopment analysis: a fuzzy expected value approach. Expert Syst. Appl. 38, 11678\u201311685 (2011)","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"821_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2019.2892696","author":"Y Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Yang, X., Yan, H.: Eliable fuzzy tracking control of near-space hypersonic vehicle using aperiodic measurement information. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TIE.2019.2892696","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron."},{"key":"821_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2019.2929224","author":"Y Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Zhou, W., Luo, J., Yan, H., Pu, H., Peng, Y.: Reliable intelligent path following control for a robotic airship against sensor faults. IEEE ASME Trans. Mechatron. (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TMECH.2019.2929224","journal-title":"IEEE ASME Trans. Mechatron."},{"issue":"4","key":"821_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.9790\/5728-1204013541","volume":"12","author":"Md Yasin Ali","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yasin Ali, Md, Sultana, A., Khodadad Kha, A.F.M.: Comparison of fuzzy multiplication operation on triangular fuzzy number. IOSR J. Math. 12(4), 35\u201341 (2016)","journal-title":"IOSR J. Math."},{"key":"821_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.19.8.936","volume":"19","author":"PL Yu","year":"1973","unstructured":"Yu, P.L.: A class of solutions for group decision problems. Manag. Sci. 19, 936\u2013946 (1973)","journal-title":"Manag. Sci."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40815-020-00821-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40815-020-00821-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40815-020-00821-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]],"date-time":"2021-04-09T23:08:50Z","timestamp":1618009730000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40815-020-00821-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["821"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40815-020-00821-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1562-2479","2199-3211"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1562-2479","type":"print"},{"value":"2199-3211","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 October 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 January 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 April 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}