{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T20:37:12Z","timestamp":1771706232906,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]],"date-time":"2018-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1526947200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Healthc Inform Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s41666-018-0021-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]],"date-time":"2018-05-22T19:35:51Z","timestamp":1527017751000},"page":"179-203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Machine Learning and Mobile Health Monitoring Platforms: A Case Study on Research and Implementation Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7308-6146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Boursalie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Samavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"21_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2010) Chronic disease prevention and health promotion"},{"key":"21_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Clifton L, Clifton DA, Watkinson PJ, Tarassenko L (2011) Identification of patient deterioration in vital-sign data using one-class SVMs. In: 2011 federated conference on computer science and information systems (FedCSIS), pp 125\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icma.2007.4303943","DOI":"10.1109\/icma.2007.4303943"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118504","volume":"10","author":"P Melillo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Melillo P, Izzo R, Orrico A, Scala P, Attanasio M, Mirra M, De Luca N, Pecchia L (2015) Automatic prediction of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events using heart rate variability analysis. PloS One 10(3):1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0118504","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-013-0315-2","volume":"17","author":"EY Jung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jung EY, Kim J, Chung KY, Park DK (2014) Mobile healthcare application with EMR interoperability for diabetes patients. Clust Comput 17(3):871\u2013880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10586-013-0315-2","journal-title":"Clust Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-015-0208-9","volume":"15","author":"G Luo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Luo G, Stone BL, Fassl B, Maloney CG, Gesteland PH, Yerram SR, Nkoy FL (2015) Predicting asthma control deterioration in children. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 15(1):84\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-015-0208-9","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"21_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Katsaras T, Milsis A, Rizikari M, Saoulis N, Varoutaki E, Vontetsianos A (2011) The use of the Healthwear wearable system in chronic patients\u2019 early hospital discharge: Control randomized clinical trial. In: 5th international symposium on medical information & communication technology (ISMICT), pp 143\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ismict.2011.5759815","DOI":"10.1109\/ismict.2011.5759815"},{"key":"21_CR7","volume-title":"Case study research: design and methods","author":"RK Yin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yin RK (2013) Case study research: design and methods. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks"},{"key":"21_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boursalie O, Samavi R, Doyle T (2015) M4CVD: Mobile machine learning model for monitoring cardiovascular disease. In: The 5th international conference on current & future trends of information & communication technologies in healthcare (ICTH \u201915), pp 384\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procs.2015.08.357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.08.357"},{"issue":"12","key":"21_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2750","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2422751","volume":"62","author":"J Andreu-Perez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andreu-Perez J, Leff DR, Ip H, Yang GZ (2015) From wearable sensors to smart implants\u2014Toward pervasive and personalized healthcare. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 62(12):2750\u20132762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TBME.2015.2422751","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"21_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bellos C, Papadopoulos A, Rosso R, Fotiadis DI (2011) Heterogeneous data fusion and intelligent techniques embedded in a mobile application for real-time chronic disease management. In: Annual international conference of the ieee engineering in medicine and biology society (EMBC \u201911), pp 8303\u20138306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEMBS.2011.6092047","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2011.6092047"},{"key":"21_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Comito C, Talia D (2015) Evaluating and predicting energy consumption of data mining algorithms on mobile devices. In: IEEE international conference on data science and advanced analytics (DSAA \u201915), pp 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/DSAA.2015.7344848","DOI":"10.1109\/DSAA.2015.7344848"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1999.tb123492.x","volume":"171","author":"MD Buist","year":"1999","unstructured":"Buist MD, Jarmolowski E, Burton PR, Bernard SA, Waxman BP, Anderson J (1999) Recognising clinical instability in hospital patients before cardiac arrest or unplanned admission to intensive care. a pilot study in a tertiary-care hospital. Med J Aust 171(1):22\u201325","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31820a92c6","volume":"39","author":"M Saeed","year":"2011","unstructured":"Saeed M, Villarroel M, Reisner AT, Clifford G, Lehman LW, Moody G, Heldt T, Kyaw TH, Moody B, Mark RG (2011) Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care II (MIMIC-II): a public-access intensive care unit database. Crit Care Med 39(5):952. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31820a92c6","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"21_CR14","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2010) Burden: mortality, morbidity and risk factors. Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases"},{"key":"21_CR15","unstructured":"Averill RF, Goldfield N, Hughes JS, Bonazelli J, McCullough EC, Steinbeck BA, Mullin R, Tang AM, Muldoon J, Turner L et al (2003) All patient refined diagnosis related groups (APR-DRGs) version 20.0: methodology overview. Wallingford, CT: 3M Health Information Systems 91"},{"issue":"11","key":"21_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198411000-00012","volume":"12","author":"JR Le Gall","year":"1984","unstructured":"Le Gall JR, Loirat P, Alperovitch A, Glaser P, Granthil C, Mathieu D, Mercier P, Thomas R, Villers D (1984) A simplified acute physiology score for ICU patients. Crit Care Med 12(11):975\u2013977","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2009.2038727","volume":"98","author":"S Patel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Patel S, Hughes R, Hester T, Stein J, Akay M, Dy JG, Bonato P (2010) A novel approach to monitor rehabilitation outcomes in stroke survivors using wearable technology. Proc IEEE 98(3):450\u2013461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JPROC.2009.2038727","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2012-001145","volume":"20","author":"G Hripcsak","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hripcsak G, Albers DJ (2013) Next-generation phenotyping of electronic health records. J Am Med Inform Assoc: JAMIA 20(1):117\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/amiajnl-2012-001145","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc: JAMIA"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.998","volume":"41","author":"F Bellifemine","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bellifemine F, Fortino G, Giannantonio R, Gravina R, Guerrieri A, Sgroi M (2011) SPINE: A domain-specific framework for rapid prototyping of WBSN applications. Softw: Pract Exp 41(3):237\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/spe.998","journal-title":"Softw: Pract Exp"},{"key":"21_CR20","unstructured":"Lichman M (2013) UCI machine learning repository. http:\/\/archive.ics.uci.edu\/ml"},{"issue":"23","key":"21_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.23.e215","volume":"101","author":"AL Goldberger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Goldberger AL, Amaral LAN, Glass L, Hausdorff JM, Ivanov PC, Mark RG, Mietus JE, Moody GB, Peng CK, Stanley HE (2000) Physiobank, physiotoolkit, and physionet: components of a new research resource for complex physiologic signals. Circulation 101(23):215\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.101.23.e215","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1541880.1541882","volume":"41","author":"R Kandhari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kandhari R (2009) Anomaly detection. ACM Comput Surv 41(3):1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1541880.1541882","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv"},{"issue":"12","key":"21_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17,472","DOI":"10.3390\/s131217472","volume":"13","author":"H Banaee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Banaee H, Ahmed MU, Loutfi A (2013) Data mining for wearable sensors in health monitoring systems: a review of recent trends and challenges. Sensors 13 (12):17,472\u201317,500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s131217472","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"9","key":"21_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/36\/9\/1827","volume":"36","author":"RJ Ellis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ellis RJ, Zhu B, Koenig J, Thayer JF, Wang Y (2015) A careful look at ECG sampling frequency and R-peak interpolation on short-term measures of heart rate variability. Physiol Meas 36(9):1827\u20131852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0967-3334\/36\/9\/1827","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/29\/1\/002","volume":"29","author":"Q Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li Q, Mark RG, Clifford GD (2008) Robust heart rate estimation from multiple asynchronous noisy sources using signal quality indices and a kalman filter. Physiol Meas 29(1):15\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0967-3334\/29\/1\/002","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.1985.325532","volume":"32","author":"J Pan","year":"1985","unstructured":"Pan J, Tompkins WJ (1985) A real-time QRS detection algorithm. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 32(3):230\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TBME.1985.325532","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/63.3.581","volume":"63","author":"DB Rubin","year":"1976","unstructured":"Rubin DB (1976) Inference and missing data. Biometrika 63(3):581\u2013592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2335739","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"4","key":"21_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26995","volume":"89","author":"DA Wagstaff","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wagstaff DA, Kranz S, Harel O (2009) A preliminary study of active compared with passive imputation of missing body mass index values among non-hispanic white youths. Am J Clin Nutr 89(4):1025\u20131030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26995","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.1043","volume":"93","author":"AJ Camm","year":"1996","unstructured":"Camm AJ, Malik M, Bigger J, Breithardt G, Cerutti S, Cohen R, Coumel P, Fallen E, Kennedy H, Kleiger R et al (1996) Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Eur Heart J 93(5):1043\u20131065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.1043","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"21_CR30","volume-title":"The ECG made easy","author":"JR Hampton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hampton JR (2013) The ECG made easy. Elsevier, New York"},{"issue":"8","key":"21_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2005.159","volume":"27","author":"H Peng","year":"2005","unstructured":"Peng H, Long F, Ding C (2005) Feature selection based on mutual information: criteria of max-dependency, max-relevance, and min-redundancy. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 27(8):1226\u20131238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TPAMI.2005.159","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1109\/51.932724","volume":"20","author":"GB Moody","year":"2001","unstructured":"Moody GB, Mark RG (2001) The impact of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag 20(3):45\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/51.932724","journal-title":"IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag"},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3182576cdb","volume":"23","author":"I Eekhout","year":"2012","unstructured":"Eekhout I, de Boer RM, Twisk JW, de Vet HC, Heymans MW (2012) Missing data: a systematic review of how they are reported and handled. Epidemiology 23(5):729\u2013732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3182576cdb","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1109\/72.914517","volume":"12","author":"KR M\u00fcller","year":"2001","unstructured":"M\u00fcller KR, Mika S, R\u00e4tsch G, Tsuda K, Sch\u00f6lkopf B (2001) An introduction to kernel-based learning algorithms. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 12(2):181\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/72.914517","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw"},{"issue":"7553","key":"21_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","volume":"521","author":"Y LeCun","year":"2015","unstructured":"LeCun Y, Bengio Y, Hinton G (2015) Deep learning. Nature 521(7553):436\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature14539","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1961189.1961199","volume":"2","author":"CC Chang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chang CC, Lin CJ (2011) LIBSVM: A library for support vector machines. ACM Trans Intell Syst Technol 2(3):1\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1961189.1961199","journal-title":"ACM Trans Intell Syst Technol"},{"issue":"4","key":"21_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/39.4.561","volume":"39","author":"MH Zweig","year":"1993","unstructured":"Zweig MH, Campbell G (1993) Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots: a fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine. Clin Chem 39(4):561\u2013577","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"9477","key":"21_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2091","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66733-5","volume":"365","author":"K Hillman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hillman K, Chen J, Cretikos M, Bellomo R, Brown D, Doig G, Finfer S, Flabouris A, Investigators MS et al (2005) Introduction of the medical emergency team (MET) system: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet 365 (9477):2091\u20132097. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66733-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1145\/2408736.2408740","volume":"14","author":"J Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sun J, Wang F, Hu J, Edabollahi S (2012) Supervised patient similarity measure of heterogeneous patient records. ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter 14(1):16\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2408736.2408740","journal-title":"ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter"},{"key":"21_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.is.2014.07.006","volume":"47","author":"I Hashem","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hashem I, Yaqoob I, Anuar N, Mokhtar S, Gani A, Ullah Khan S (2015) The rise of big data on cloud computing: review and open research issues. Inf Syst 47:98\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.is.2014.07.006","journal-title":"Inf Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5121\/ijdkp.2015.5201","volume":"5","author":"M Hossin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hossin M, MN S (2015) A review on evaluation metrics for data classification evaluations. Int J Data Mining Knowl Manag Process 5(2):1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5121\/ijdkp.2015.5201","journal-title":"Int J Data Mining Knowl Manag Process"},{"key":"21_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anguita D, Ghio A, Oneto L, Parra X, Reyes-Ortiz JL (2012) Human activity recognition on smartphones using a multiclass hardware-friendly support vector machine. In: International workshop on ambient assisted living, pp 216\u2013223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-35395-6_30","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35395-6_30"},{"key":"21_CR43","unstructured":"R Core Team (2013) R: a language and environment for statistical computing r foundation for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1145\/1656274.1656278","volume":"11","author":"M Hall","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hall M, Frank E, Holmes G, Pfahringer B, Reutemann P, Witten IH (2009) The WEKA data mining software: an update. ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter 11(1):10\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1656274.1656278b","journal-title":"ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-2113-4","volume":"30","author":"L Gattinoni","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gattinoni L, Radrizzani D, Simini B, Bertolini G, Ferla L, Mistraletti G, Porta F, Miranda DR et al (2004) Volume of activity and occupancy rate in intensive care units. association with mortality. Intensive Care Med 30(2):290\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-003-2113-4","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"21_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000206286.19444.40","volume":"34","author":"G Iapichino","year":"2006","unstructured":"Iapichino G, Mistraletti G, Corbella D, Bassi G, Borotto E, Miranda DR, Morabito A (2006) Scoring system for the selection of high-risk patients in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 34(4):1039\u20131043. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.CCM.0000206286.19444.40","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1989.1.3.295","volume":"1","author":"H Barlow","year":"1989","unstructured":"Barlow H (1989) Unsupervised learning. Neural Comput 1(3):295\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/neco.1989.1.3.295","journal-title":"Neural Comput"},{"key":"21_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-75171-7_3","volume-title":"Unsupervised learning and clustering","author":"D Greene","year":"2008","unstructured":"Greene D, Cunningham P, Mayer R (2008) Unsupervised learning and clustering. Springer, Berlin. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-75171-7_3"},{"key":"21_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2016.09.005","volume":"35","author":"R Gravina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gravina R, Alinia P, Ghasemzadeh H, Fortino G (2016) Multi-sensor fusion in body sensor networks: state-of-the-art and research challenges. Inform Fusion 35:68\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.inffus.2016.09.005","journal-title":"Inform Fusion"},{"key":"21_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420053098","volume-title":"Handbook of multisensor data fusion: theory and practice","author":"MII Liggins","year":"2008","unstructured":"Liggins MII, Hall D, Llinas J (2008) Handbook of multisensor data fusion: theory and practice. CRC Press, Boca Raton"},{"key":"21_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/1-84628-484-8_8","volume-title":"Multi-sensor fusion","author":"GZ Yang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yang GZ, Hu X (2006) Multi-sensor fusion. Springer, London. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/1-84628-484-8_8"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-015-3177-1","volume":"76","author":"C Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen C, Jafari R, Kehtarnavaz N (2015) A survey of depth and inertial sensor fusion for human action recognition. Multimed Tool Appl 76(3):1\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-015-3177-1","journal-title":"Multimed Tool Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2003.811708","volume":"14","author":"AB Graf","year":"2003","unstructured":"Graf AB, Smola AJ, Borer S (2003) Classification in a normalized feature space using support vector machines. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 14(3):597\u2013605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TNN.2003.811708","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw"},{"key":"21_CR54","unstructured":"Heart and Stroke (2013) The canadian heart and stroke foundation. Heart disease recovery road http:\/\/www.heartandstroke.com"},{"key":"21_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rumelhart DE, Hinton GE, Williams RJ (1985) Learning internal representations by error propagation. Tech. rep., DTIC Document","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA164453"},{"key":"21_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Depari A, Flammini A, Sisinni E, Vezzoli A (2014) A wearable smartphone-based system for electrocardiogram acquisition. In: IEEE international symposium on medical measurements and applications (MeMeA\u201914), pp 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MeMeA.2014.6860030","DOI":"10.1109\/MeMeA.2014.6860030"},{"key":"21_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bellos CC, Papadopoulos A, Rosso R, Fotiadis DI (2010) Extraction and analysis of features acquired by wearable sensors network. In: 10th IEEE international conference on information technology and applications in biomedicine (ITAB\u201910), pp 1\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/itab.2010.5687761","DOI":"10.1109\/itab.2010.5687761"},{"issue":"6","key":"21_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2014.2337752","volume":"18","author":"G Guidi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guidi G, Pettenati MC, Melillo P, Iadanza E (2014) A machine learning system to improve heart failure patient assistance. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 18(6):1750\u20131756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JBHI.2014.2337752","journal-title":"IEEE J Biomed Health Inform"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2013.2293059","volume":"18","author":"L Clifton","year":"2014","unstructured":"Clifton L, Clifton DA, Pimentel MA, Watkinson PJ, Tarassenko L (2014) Predictive monitoring of mobile patients by combining clinical observations with data from wearable sensors. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 18(3):722\u2013730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jbhi.2013.2293059","journal-title":"IEEE J Biomed Health Inform"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2010.2047865","volume":"14","author":"JJ Oresko","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oresko JJ, Jin Z, Cheng J, Huang S, Sun Y, Duschl H, Cheng AC (2010) A wearable smartphone-based platform for real-time cardiovascular disease detection via electrocardiogram processing. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 14(3):734\u2013740. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/titb.2010.2047865","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed"},{"issue":"4","key":"21_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2004.837888","volume":"8","author":"U Anliker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Anliker U, Ward JA, Lukowicz P, Troster G, Dolveck F, Baer M, Keita F, Schenker EB, Catarsi F, Coluccini L et al (2004) AMON: a wearable multiparameter medical monitoring and alert system. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 8(4):415\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/titb.2004.837888","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed"},{"key":"21_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kunnath AT, Nadarajan D, Mohan M, Ramesh MV (2013) Wicard: a context aware wearable wireless sensor for cardiac monitoring. In: International conference on advances in computing, communications and informatics, pp 1097\u20131102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICACCI.2013.6637330","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCI.2013.6637330"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s12553-013-0045-8","volume":"3","author":"H Solar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Solar H, Fern\u00e1ndez E, Tartarisco G, Pioggiam G, Cvetkovi\u0107 B, Kozina S, Lu\u0161trek M, Lampe J (2013) A non invasive, wearable sensor platform for multi-parametric remote monitoring in CHF patients. Health Technol 3(2):99\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-30779-9_18","journal-title":"Health Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s11265-010-0480-y","volume":"64","author":"N Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu N, Lin Z, Koh Z, Huang GB, Ser W, Ong MEH (2011) Patient outcome prediction with heart rate variability and vital signs. J Signal Process Syst 64(2):265\u2013278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11265-010-0480-y","journal-title":"J Signal Process Syst"},{"key":"21_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-10-68","volume":"10","author":"C Leite","year":"2011","unstructured":"Leite C, Sizilio G, Neto A, Valentim R, Guerreiro A (2011) A fuzzy model for processing and monitoring vital signs in ICU patients. Biomed Eng Online 10:68\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-925X-10-68","journal-title":"Biomed Eng Online"},{"key":"21_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bellos C, Papadopoulos A, Rosso R, Fotiadis DI (2011) A support vector machine approach for categorization of patients suffering from chronic diseases. In: Wireless mobile communication and healthcare, Springer, pp 264\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-29734-2_36","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-29734-2_36"},{"key":"21_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gao H, Duan X, Guo X, Huang A, Jiao B (2013) Design and tests of a smartphones-based multi-lead ECG monitoring system. In: 35th international conference of the ieee engineering in medicine & biology society, pp 2267\u20132270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/embc.2013.6609989","DOI":"10.1109\/embc.2013.6609989"},{"key":"21_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kailanto H, Hyvarinen E, Hyttinen J (2008) Mobile ECG measurement and analysis system using mobile phone as the base station. In: Second international conference on pervasive computing technologies for healthcare, pp 12\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/PCTHEALTH.2008.4571014","DOI":"10.1109\/PCTHEALTH.2008.4571014"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2009.2021065","volume":"14","author":"DH Shih","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shih DH, Chiang HS, Lin B, Lin SB (2010) An embedded mobile ECG reasoning system for elderly patients. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 14(3):854\u2013865. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/titb.2009.2021065","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed"},{"issue":"4","key":"21_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2007.05.014","volume":"30","author":"P Pandian","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pandian P, Mohanavelu K, Safeer K, Kotresh T, Shakunthala D, Gopal P, Padaki V (2008) Smart vest: wearable multi-parameter remote physiological monitoring system. Med Eng Phys 30(4):466\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medengphy.2007.05.014","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"issue":"4","key":"21_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2015.2427511","volume":"19","author":"J Juen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Juen J, Cheng Q, Schatz B (2015) A natural walking monitor for pulmonary patients using mobile phones. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 19(4):1399\u20131405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jbhi.2015.2427511","journal-title":"IEEE J Biomed Health Inform"},{"issue":"9","key":"21_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2014.01.011","volume":"41","author":"N Esfandiari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Esfandiari N, Babavalian MR, Moghadam AME, Tabar VK (2014) Knowledge discovery in medicine: current issue and future trend. Expert Syst Appl 41(9):4434\u20134463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2014.01.011","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2013.2293172","volume":"18","author":"CC Bellos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bellos CC, Papadopoulos A, Rosso R, Fotiadis DI (2014) Identification of COPD patients\u2019 health status using an intelligent system in the CHRONIOUS wearable platform. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 18(3):731\u2013738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jbhi.2013.2293172","journal-title":"IEEE J Biomed Health Inform"},{"key":"21_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Krause A, Ihmig M, Rankin E, Leong D, Gupta S, Siewiorek D, Smailagic A, Deisher M, Sengupta U (2005) Trading off prediction accuracy and power consumption for context-aware wearable computing. In: Ninth IEEE international symposium on wearable computers, pp 20\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ISWC.2005.52","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWC.2005.52"}],"container-title":["Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s41666-018-0021-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s41666-018-0021-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s41666-018-0021-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,2]],"date-time":"2020-11-02T08:32:10Z","timestamp":1604305930000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s41666-018-0021-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["21"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41666-018-0021-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2509-4971","2509-498X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2509-4971","type":"print"},{"value":"2509-498X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 June 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 April 2018","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 April 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Conflict of interests"}}]}}