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This is equivalent to using a unary encoding to represent multiplicities for each object and membrane. A different approach can also be considered, having in mind an implementation of P systems in silico; in this case, the multiplicity of each object in each membrane can be stored using binary numbers, thus reducing the amount of needed space. In this paper, we give a formal definition for this alternative space complexity measure, we define the corresponding complexity classes and we compare such classes both with standard space complexity classes and with complexity classes defined in the framework of P systems considering the original definition of space.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s41965-021-00074-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T07:07:13Z","timestamp":1618556833000},"page":"87-96","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Alternative space definitions for P\u00a0systems with active membranes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6184-3971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artiom","family":"Alhazov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8105-4371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Leporati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6312-7728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Manzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3520-4022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Mauri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2163-7639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Zandron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"74_CR1","unstructured":"Alhazov, A., & Ishdorj, T. 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