{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T23:27:02Z","timestamp":1770420422809,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650931200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Culture and Science of the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia","award":["005-1709-0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["005-1709-0004"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008349","name":"Universit\u00e4t Duisburg-Essen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Comput Soc Sc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opinion leaders (OLs) are becoming increasingly relevant on social networking sites as their visibility can help to shape their followers\u2019 attitudes toward a variety of issues. While earlier research provided initial evidence on the effect of OLs using agent-based modeling, it remains unclear how OLs affect their network environment and, therefore, the opinion climate when: (a) they publicly hold ambivalent attitudes, and (b) they not only express support for their own stance but also discredit or \u2018debunk\u2019 the opposing side. This paper presents an agent-based model that determines the influence of OLs in social networks in relation to ambivalence and discreditation. The model draws on theoretical foundations of OLs as well as attitudinal ambivalence and was implemented using two network topologies. Results indicate that OLs have significant influence on the opinion climate and that an unequal number of OLs of different opinion camps lead to an imbalance in the opinion climate only in certain situations. Furthermore, OLs can dominate the opinion climate and turn their stance into a majority opinion more effectively when discrediting the opposing side. Ambivalent OLs, on the other hand, can contribute to greater balance in the opinion climate. These findings provide a more nuanced analysis of OLs in social networks by pointing to potential amplifications as well as boundaries of their influence. Implications are discussed with a focus on human and artificial key actors in online networks and their efficacy therein.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42001-022-00161-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T10:03:32Z","timestamp":1650967412000},"page":"1159-1205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Two sides of the same leader: an agent-based model to analyze the effect of ambivalent opinion leaders in social networks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2741-3270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"R\u00f6chert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Cargnino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"German","family":"Neubaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"161_CR1","unstructured":"E. Katz und P. F. Lazarsfeld, Personal Influence, The part played by people in the flow of mass communications. Transaction publishers, 1966."},{"key":"161_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B. E. Weeks, A. Ard\u00e8vol-Abreu, und H. Gil de Z\u00fa\u00f1iga, \u201eOnline Influence? Social Media Use, Opinion Leadership, and Political Persuasion\u201c, Int J Public Opin Res, S. edv050, Dez. 2015, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijpor\/edv050.","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpor\/edv050"},{"key":"161_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"I. K. Schneider und N. Schwarz, \u201eMixed feelings: the case of ambivalence\u201c, Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Bd. 15, S. 39\u201345, Juni 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cobeha.2017.05.012.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2017.05.012"},{"issue":"4","key":"161_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpor\/edh069","volume":"17","author":"L Nir","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nir, L. (2005). Ambivalent social networks and their consequences for participation. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 17(4), 422\u2013442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijpor\/edh069","journal-title":"International Journal of Public Opinion Research"},{"key":"161_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"C. J. Armitage, \u201eBeyond attitudinal ambivalence: effects of belief homogeneity on attitude-intention-behaviour relations\u201c, Eur. J. Soc. Psychol., Bd. 33, Nr. 4, S. 551\u2013563, Juli 2003, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejsp.164.","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.164"},{"issue":"11","key":"161_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167200263009","volume":"26","author":"CJ Armitage","year":"2000","unstructured":"Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2000). Attitudinal ambivalence: a test of three key hypotheses. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(11), 1421\u20131432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0146167200263009","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"161_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/14792772143000012","volume":"12","author":"M Conner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Conner, M., & Sparks, P. (2002). Ambivalence and attitudes. European Review of Social Psychology, 12(1), 37\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14792772143000012","journal-title":"European Review of Social Psychology"},{"issue":"9","key":"161_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3400","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444817749516","volume":"20","author":"M Oz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oz, M., Zheng, P., & Chen, G. M. (2018). Twitter versus facebook: comparing incivility, impoliteness, and deliberative attributes. New Media & Society, 20(9), 3400\u20133419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1461444817749516","journal-title":"New Media & Society"},{"key":"161_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N. Ernst, S. Blassnig, S. Engesser, F. B\u00fcchel, und F. Esser, \u201ePopulists Prefer Social Media Over Talk Shows: An Analysis of Populist Messages and Stylistic Elements Across Six Countries\u201c, Social Media + Society, Bd. 5, Nr. 1, S. 205630511882335, Jan. 2019, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2056305118823358.","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305118823358"},{"key":"161_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D. Sohn, \u201eSpiral of Silence in the Social Media Era: A Simulation Approach to the Interplay Between Social Networks and Mass Media\u201c, Communication Research, S. 009365021985651, Juni 2019, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0093650219856510.","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650219856510"},{"key":"161_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D. Sohn und N. Geidner, \u201eCollective Dynamics of the Spiral of Silence: The Role of Ego-Network Size\u201c, Int J Public Opin Res, Bd. 28, Nr. 1, S. 25\u201345, M\u00e4rz 2016, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijpor\/edv005.","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpor\/edv005"},{"key":"161_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"E. Bonabeau, \u201eAgent-based modeling: Methods and techniques for simulating human systems\u201c, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Bd. 99, Nr. Supplement 3, S. 7280\u20137287, Mai 2002, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.082080899.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.082080899"},{"key":"161_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"C. A. Bail u. a., \u201eExposure to opposing views on social media can increase political polarization\u201c, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, Bd. 115, Nr. 37, S. 9216\u20139221, Sep. 2018, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1804840115.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1804840115"},{"key":"161_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"I. Himelboim, E. Gleave, und M. Smith, \u201eDiscussion catalysts in online political discussions: Content importers and conversation starters\u201c, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Bd. 14, Nr. 4, S. 771\u2013789, Juli 2009, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01470.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01470.x"},{"key":"161_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R. Xiao, T. Yu, und J. Hou, \u201eModeling and Simulation of Opinion Natural Reversal Dynamics with Opinion Leader Based on HK Bounded Confidence Model\u201c, Complexity, Bd. 2020, S. 1\u201320, M\u00e4rz 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/7360302.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7360302"},{"key":"161_CR16","unstructured":"P. F. Lazarsfeld, B. Berelson, und H. Gaudet, The people\u2019s choice. Oxford, England: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 1944, S. vii, 178."},{"key":"161_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"E. Katz, \u201eThe Two-Step Flow of Communication: An Up-To-Date Report on an Hypothesis\u201c, Public Opinion Quarterly, Bd. 21, Nr. 1, Anniversary Issue Devoted to Twenty Years of Public Opinion Research, S. 61, 1957, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/266687.","DOI":"10.1086\/266687"},{"key":"161_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R. M. Bond u.\u00a0a., \u201eA 61-million-person experiment in social influence and political mobilization\u201c, Nature, Bd. 489, Nr. 7415, S. 295\u2013298, Sep. 2012, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature11421.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11421"},{"issue":"1","key":"161_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1080\/15205436.2015.1045149","volume":"19","author":"L Bode","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bode, L. (2016). Political news in the news feed: learning politics from social media. Mass Communication and Society, 19(1), 24\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15205436.2015.1045149","journal-title":"Mass Communication and Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"161_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2018.1500622","volume":"23","author":"S Walter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Walter, S., & Br\u00fcggemann, M. (2018). Opportunity makes opinion leaders: analyzing the role of first-hand information in opinion leadership in social media networks. Information, Communication & Society, 23(2), 267\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1369118X.2018.1500622","journal-title":"Information, Communication & Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"161_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1177\/000271629956600105","volume":"566","author":"TW Valente","year":"1999","unstructured":"Valente, T. W., & Davis, R. L. (1999). Accelerating the diffusion of innovations using opinion leaders. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 566(1), 55\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000271629956600105","journal-title":"The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"161_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2011.06.003","volume":"79","author":"Y Cho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cho, Y., Hwang, J., & Lee, D. (2012). Identification of effective opinion leaders in the diffusion of technological innovation: a social network approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 79(1), 97\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.techfore.2011.06.003","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"key":"161_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Choi, \u201eThe Two-Step Flow of Communication in Twitter-Based Public Forums\u201c, Social Science Computer Review, Bd. 33, Nr. 6, S. 696\u2013711, Dez. 2015, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0894439314556599.","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439314556599"},{"issue":"1","key":"161_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1177\/002224377000700104","volume":"7","author":"CW King","year":"1970","unstructured":"King, C. W., & Summers, J. O. (1970). Overlap of opinion leadership across consumer product categories. Journal of Marketing Research, 7(1), 43\u201350.","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"key":"161_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"P. S. van Eck, W. Jager, und P. S. H. Leeflang, \u201eOpinion leaders\u2019 role in innovation diffusion: a simulation study: opinion leaders\u2019 role in innovation diffusion\u201c, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Bd. 28, Nr. 2, S. 187\u2013203, M\u00e4rz 2011, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-5885.2011.00791.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5885.2011.00791.x"},{"key":"161_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Bakshy, J. M. Hofman, W. A. Mason, und D. J. Watts, \u201eEveryone\u2019s an influencer: quantifying influence on twitter\u201c, in Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Web search and data mining, 2011, S. 65\u201374.","DOI":"10.1145\/1935826.1935845"},{"issue":"3","key":"161_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1037\/h0046408","volume":"51","author":"M Deutsch","year":"1955","unstructured":"Deutsch, M., & Gerard, H. B. (1955). A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51(3), 629\u2013636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0046408","journal-title":"The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology"},{"key":"161_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B. Latan?, \u201eThe psychology of social impact.\u201c, American Psychologist, Bd. 36, Nr. 4, S. 343\u2013356, 1981, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0003-066X.36.4.343.","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.36.4.343"},{"key":"161_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N. L. Abrica-Jacinto, E. Kurmyshev, und H. A. Ju\u00e1rez, \u201eEffects of the Interaction Between Ideological Affinity and Psychological Reaction of Agents on the Opinion Dynamics in a Relative Agreement Model\u201c, JASSS, Bd. 20, Nr. 3, S. 3, 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18564\/jasss.3377.","DOI":"10.18564\/jasss.3377"},{"key":"161_CR30","unstructured":"G. Mckeown und N. Sheehy, \u201eMass Media and Polarisation Processes in the Bounded Confidence Model of Opinion Dynamics\u201c, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Bd. 9, Nr. 1, S. 11, 2006."},{"key":"161_CR31","volume-title":"Agent-based and individual-based modeling: a practical introduction","author":"SF Railsback","year":"2019","unstructured":"Railsback, S. F. (2019). Agent-based and individual-based modeling: a practical introduction (2nd ed.). Princeton University Press.","edition":"2"},{"key":"161_CR32","unstructured":"A. Waldherr und M. Wettstein, \u201eComputational Communication Science| Bridging the Gaps: Using Agent-Based Modeling to Reconcile Data and Theory in Computational Communication Science\u201c, International Journal of Communication, Bd. 13, Nr. 0, 2019, [Online]. Verf\u00fcgbar unter: https:\/\/ijoc.org\/index.php\/ijoc\/article\/view\/10588"},{"key":"161_CR33","unstructured":"U. Wilensky und W. Rand, An introduction to agent-based modeling: modeling natural, social, and engineered complex systems with NetLogo. Mit Press, 2015."},{"issue":"5","key":"161_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439315605607","volume":"34","author":"J Alvarez-Galvez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alvarez-Galvez, J. (2016). Network models of minority opinion spreading: Using agent-based modeling to study possible scenarios of social contagion. Social Science Computer Review, 34(5), 567\u2013581.","journal-title":"Social Science Computer Review"},{"key":"161_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B. Scheufele, \u201eDas Erkl\u00e4rungsdilemma der Medienwirkungsforschung.: Eine Logik zur theoretischen und methodischen Modellierung von Medienwirkungen auf die Meso- und Makro-Ebene\u201c, Pub, Bd. 53, Nr. 3, S. 339\u2013361, Okt. 2008, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/PL00022227.","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00022227"},{"issue":"3","key":"161_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439313512975","volume":"32","author":"F Squazzoni","year":"2014","unstructured":"Squazzoni, F., Jager, W., & Edmonds, B. (2014). Social simulation in the social sciences: a brief overview. Social Science Computer Review, 32(3), 279\u2013294.","journal-title":"Social Science Computer Review"},{"key":"161_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tbs.2020.01.003","volume":"19","author":"E Borowski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Borowski, E., Chen, Y., & Mahmassani, H. (2020). Social media effects on sustainable mobility opinion diffusion: Model framework and implications for behavior change. Travel Behaviour and Society, 19, 170\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tbs.2020.01.003","journal-title":"Travel Behaviour and Society"},{"key":"161_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"C. Kaiser, J. Kr\u00f6ckel, und F. Bodendorf, \u201eSimulating the spread of opinions in online social networks when targeting opinion leaders\u201c, Inf Syst E-Bus Manage, Bd. 11, Nr. 4, S. 597\u2013621, Dez. 2013, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10257-012-0210-z.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10257-012-0210-z"},{"issue":"1","key":"161_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9221.2004.00357.x","volume":"25","author":"R Huckfeldt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Huckfeldt, R., Mendez, J. M., & Osborn, T. (2004). Disagreement, ambivalence, and engagement: the political consequences of heterogeneous networks. Political Psychology, 25(1), 65\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-9221.2004.00357.x","journal-title":"Political Psychology"},{"key":"161_CR40","first-page":"361","volume":"4","author":"MM Thompson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Thompson, M. M., Zanna, M. P., & Griffin, D. W. (1995). Let\u2019s not be indifferent about (attitudinal) ambivalence. Attitude strength: antecedents and consequences, 4, 361\u2013386.","journal-title":"Attitude strength: antecedents and consequences"},{"key":"161_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K. Jonas, M. Diehl, und P. Br\u00f6mer, \u201eEffects of Attitudinal Ambivalence on Information Processing and Attitude-Intention Consistency\u201c, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Bd. 33, Nr. 2, S. 190\u2013210, M\u00e4rz 1997, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jesp.1996.1317.","DOI":"10.1006\/jesp.1996.1317"},{"key":"161_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I. R. Newby-Clark, I. McGregor, und M. P. Zanna, \u201eThinking and caring about cognitive inconsistency: When and for whom does attitudinal ambivalence feel uncomfortable?\u201c, Journal of personality and social psychology, Bd. 82, Nr. 2, S. 157, 2002.","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.82.2.157"},{"key":"161_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Feldman und J. Zaller, \u201eThe Political Culture of Ambivalence: Ideological Responses to the Welfare State\u201c, American Journal of Political Science, Bd. 36, Nr. 1, S. 268, Feb. 1992, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2111433.","DOI":"10.2307\/2111433"},{"issue":"1","key":"161_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-013-0368-8","volume":"15","author":"ZP Hohman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hohman, Z. P., Crano, W. D., Siegel, J. T., & Alvaro, E. M. (2014). Attitude ambivalence, friend norms, and adolescent drug use. Prevention Science, 15(1), 65\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11121-013-0368-8","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"161_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. C. Mutz, \u201eThe consequences of cross-cutting networks for political participation\u201c, American Journal of Political Science, S. 838\u2013855, 2002.","DOI":"10.2307\/3088437"},{"issue":"10","key":"161_CR46","first-page":"2","volume":"10","author":"L Dahlberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dahlberg, L. (2004). The Habermasian public sphere: a specification of the idealized conditions of democratic communication. Studies in social and political thought, 10(10), 2\u201318.","journal-title":"Studies in social and political thought"},{"key":"161_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. E. Tetlock, \u201eA value pluralism model of ideological reasoning.\u201c, Journal of personality and social psychology, Bd. 50, Nr. 4, S. 819, 1986.","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.50.4.819"},{"key":"161_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. C. Mutz, Hearing the other side: Deliberative versus participatory democracy. Cambridge University Press, 2006.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511617201"},{"key":"161_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. F. Meffert, M. Guge, und M. Lodge, \u201eGood, bad, and ambivalent: The consequences of multidimensional political attitudes\u201c, Studies in public opinion: Attitudes, nonattitudes, measurement error, and change, S. 63\u201392, 2004.","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691188386-005"},{"issue":"1","key":"161_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.90.1.21","volume":"90","author":"RE Petty","year":"2006","unstructured":"Petty, R. E., Tormala, Z. L., Bri\u00f1ol, P., & Jarvis, W. B. G. (2006). Implicit ambivalence from attitude change: an exploration of the PAST model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(1), 21\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.90.1.21","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"161_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.87.6.779","volume":"87","author":"PS Visser","year":"2004","unstructured":"Visser, P. S., & Mirabile, R. R. (2004). Attitudes in the social context: the impact of social network composition on individual-level attitude strength. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(6), 779\u2013795. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.87.6.779","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"161_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2009.06.001","volume":"45","author":"LC Levitan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Levitan, L. C., & Visser, P. S. (2009). Social network composition and attitude strength: exploring the dynamics within newly formed social networks. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45(5), 1057\u20131067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jesp.2009.06.001","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"key":"161_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. S. Lee und B. K. Johnson, \u201eAre they being authentic? The effects of self-disclosure and message sidedness on sponsored post effectiveness\u201c, International Journal of Advertising, S. 1\u201324, Okt. 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02650487.2021.1986257.","DOI":"10.1080\/02650487.2021.1986257"},{"key":"161_CR54","unstructured":"U. Wilensky, NetLogo. Evanston, IL: Center for connected learning and computer-based modeling, Northwestern University. 1999. [Online]. Verf\u00fcgbar unter: http:\/\/ccl.northwestern.edu\/netlogo\/"},{"issue":"3","key":"161_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041-210X.2011.00180.x","volume":"3","author":"JC Thiele","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thiele, J. C., Kurth, W., & Grimm, V. (2012). RNetLogo: an R package for running and exploring individual-based models implemented in NetLogo. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 3(3), 480\u2013483.","journal-title":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution"},{"issue":"3","key":"161_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/60.3.581","volume":"60","author":"P Clifford","year":"1973","unstructured":"Clifford, P., & Sudbury, A. (1973). A model for spatial conflict. Biometrika, 60(3), 581\u2013588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/biomet\/60.3.581","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"161_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. A. Holley und T. M. Liggett, \u201eErgodic theorems for weakly interacting infinite systems and the voter model\u201c, The annals of probability, S. 643\u2013663, 1975.","DOI":"10.1214\/aop\/1176996306"},{"issue":"06","key":"161_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129183100000936","volume":"11","author":"K Sznajd-Weron","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sznajd-Weron, K., & Sznajd, J. (2000). Opinion evolution in closed community. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 11(06), 1157\u20131165.","journal-title":"International Journal of Modern Physics C"},{"issue":"345","key":"161_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1974.10480137","volume":"69","author":"MH DeGroot","year":"1974","unstructured":"DeGroot, M. H. (1974). Reaching a consensus. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 69(345), 118\u2013121.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"key":"161_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Deffuant, D. Neau, F. Amblard, und G. Weisbuch, \u201eMixing beliefs among interacting agents\u201c, Advances in Complex Systems, Bd. 3, Nr. 01n04, S. 87\u201398, 2000.","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219525900000078"},{"key":"161_CR61","unstructured":"R. Hegselmann, U. Krause, und others, \u201eOpinion dynamics and bounded confidence models, analysis, and simulation\u201c, Journal of artificial societies and social simulation, Bd. 5, Nr. 3, 2002."},{"key":"161_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"W. O. Kermack, A. G. McKendrick, und G. T. Walker, \u201eA contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics\u201c, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character, Bd. 115, Nr. 772, S. 700\u2013721, 1927, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspa.1927.0118.","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1927.0118"},{"key":"161_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R. C. Tyson, S. D. Hamilton, A. S. Lo, B. O. Baumgaertner, und S. M. Krone, \u201eThe Timing and Nature of Behavioural Responses Affect the Course of an Epidemic\u201c, Bull Math Biol, Bd. 82, Nr. 1, S. 14, Jan. 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11538-019-00684-z.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-019-00684-z"},{"key":"161_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Wei und H. Ming-sheng, \u201eInfluence of opinion leaders on dynamics and diffusion of network public opinion\u201c, in 2013 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering 20th Annual Conference Proceedings, 2013, S. 139\u2013144.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMSE.2013.6586274"},{"key":"161_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Woo, J. Son, und H. Chen, \u201eAn SIR model for violent topic diffusion in social media\u201c, in Proceedings of 2011 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics, 2011, S. 15\u201319.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISI.2011.5984043"},{"key":"161_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J. Hou, T. Yu, und R. Xiao, \u201eStructure Reversal of Online Public Opinion for the Heterogeneous Health Concerns under NIMBY Conflict Environmental Mass Events in China\u201c, Healthcare, Bd. 8, Nr. 3, S. 324, Sep. 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare8030324.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare8030324"},{"key":"161_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2017.05.028","volume":"486","author":"H Yu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yu, H., Cao, X., Liu, Z., & Li, Y. (2017). Identifying key nodes based on improved structural holes in complex networks. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 486, 318\u2013327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physa.2017.05.028","journal-title":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications"},{"key":"161_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Schweighofer, D. Garcia, und F. Schweitzer, \u201eAn agent-based model of multi-dimensional opinion dynamics and opinion alignment\u201c, Chaos, Bd. 30, Nr. 9, S. 093139, Sep. 2020, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/5.0007523.","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0007523"},{"key":"161_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J. Li und R. Xiao, \u201eAgent-Based Modelling Approach for Multidimensional Opinion Polarization in Collective Behaviour\u201c, JASSS, Bd. 20, Nr. 2, S. 4, 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18564\/jasss.3385.","DOI":"10.18564\/jasss.3385"},{"key":"161_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A.-L. Barab\u00e1si und R. Albert, \u201eEmergence of Scaling in Random Networks\u201c, Science, Bd. 286, Nr. 5439, S. 509\u2013512, Okt. 1999, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.286.5439.509.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5439.509"},{"key":"161_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D. J. Watts und S. H. Strogatz, \u201eCollective dynamics of \u2018small-world\u2019 networks\u201c, Nature, Bd. 393, Nr. 6684, S. 440\u2013442, Juni 1998, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/30918.","DOI":"10.1038\/30918"},{"issue":"5","key":"161_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1070.0787","volume":"54","author":"H Rahmandad","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rahmandad, H., & Sterman, J. (2008). Heterogeneity and network structure in the dynamics of diffusion: comparing agent-based and differential equation models. Management Science, 54(5), 998\u20131014.","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"161_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1080\/0960085X.2018.1560920","volume":"28","author":"B Ross","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ross, B., Pilz, L., Cabrera, B., Brachten, F., Neubaum, G., & Stieglitz, S. (2019). Are social bots a real threat? An agent-based model of the spiral of silence to analyse the impact of manipulative actors in social networks. European Journal of Information Systems, 28(4), 394\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0960085X.2018.1560920","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"issue":"24","key":"161_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2010.08.025","volume":"389","author":"Y Gandica","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gandica, Y., del Castillo-Mussot, M., V\u00e1zquez, G. J., & Rojas, S. (2010). Continuous opinion model in small-world directed networks. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 389(24), 5864\u20135870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physa.2010.08.025","journal-title":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications"},{"key":"161_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Mislove, M. Marcon, K. P. Gummadi, P. Druschel, und B. Bhattacharjee, \u201eMeasurement and analysis of online social networks\u201c, in Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement, 2007, S. 29\u201342.","DOI":"10.1145\/1298306.1298311"},{"key":"161_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M. Cha, H. Kwak, P. Rodriguez, Y.-Y. Ahn, und S. Moon, \u201eI tube, you tube, everybody tubes: analyzing the world\u2019s largest user generated content video system\u201c, in Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement - IMC \u201907, San Diego, California, USA, 2007, S. 1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1298306.1298309.","DOI":"10.1145\/1298306.1298309"},{"key":"161_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Wattenhofer, R. Wattenhofer, und Z. Zhu, \u201eThe YouTube Social Network\u201c, Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Bd. 6, Nr. 1, Mai 2012, [Online]. Verf\u00fcgbar unter: https:\/\/ojs.aaai.org\/index.php\/ICWSM\/article\/view\/14243","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v6i1.14243"},{"key":"161_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Nazir, S. Raza, und C.-N. Chuah, \u201eUnveiling facebook: a measurement study of social network based applications\u201c, in Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement conference - IMC \u201908, Vouliagmeni, Greece, 2008, S. 43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1452520.1452527.","DOI":"10.1145\/1452520.1452527"},{"key":"161_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Vespignani, \u201eTwenty years of network science\u201c, Nature, Bd. 558, Nr. 7711, S. 528\u2013529, Juni 2018, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-018-05444-y.","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-05444-y"},{"issue":"4","key":"161_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s11576-006-0058-2","volume":"48","author":"O Hein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hein, O., Schwind, M., & K\u00f6nig, W. (2006). Scale-free networks: The impact of fat tailed degree distribution on diffusion and communication processes. Wirtsch. Inform., 48(4), 267\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11576-006-0058-2","journal-title":"Wirtsch. Inform."},{"key":"161_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L. Burbach, P. Halbach, M. Ziefle, und A. Calero Valdez, \u201eOpinion Formation on the Internet: The Influence of Personality, Network Structure, and Content on Sharing Messages Online\u201c, Front. Artif. Intell., Bd. 3, S. 45, Juli 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frai.2020.00045.","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2020.00045"},{"key":"161_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Xiong, Y. Liu, und H.-F. Zhang, \u201eMulti-source information diffusion in online social networks\u201c, Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, Bd. 2015, Nr. 7, S. P07008, 2015.","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2015\/07\/P07008"},{"issue":"2","key":"161_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.1974.tb00367.x","volume":"24","author":"E Noelle-Neumann","year":"1974","unstructured":"Noelle-Neumann, E. (1974). The spiral of silence a theory of public opinion. Journal of Communication, 24(2), 43\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1460-2466.1974.tb00367.x","journal-title":"Journal of Communication"},{"issue":"1","key":"161_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1024\/0044-3514.37.1.9","volume":"37","author":"AM Miron","year":"2006","unstructured":"Miron, A. M., & Brehm, J. W. (2006). Reactance theory\u201440 years later. Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Sozialpsychologie, 37(1), 9\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1024\/0044-3514.37.1.9","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Sozialpsychologie"},{"key":"161_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B. Nyhan und J. Reifler, \u201eWhen Corrections Fail: The Persistence of Political Misperceptions\u201c, Polit Behav, Bd. 32, Nr. 2, S. 303\u2013330, Juni 2010, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11109-010-9112-2.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11109-010-9112-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"161_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s11002-015-9369-7","volume":"27","author":"H Risselada","year":"2016","unstructured":"Risselada, H., Verhoef, P. C., & Bijmolt, T. H. A. (2016). Indicators of opinion leadership in customer networks: self-reports and degree centrality. Marketing Letters, 27(3), 449\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11002-015-9369-7","journal-title":"Marketing Letters"},{"key":"161_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Zhang und X. Gong, \u201eLeaders that bind: the role of network position and network density in opinion leaders\u2019 responsiveness to social influence\u201c, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 2021.","DOI":"10.1108\/APJML-03-2020-0126"},{"key":"161_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"F. Bodendorf und C. Kaiser, \u201eDetecting Opinion Leaders and Trends in Online Communities\u201c, in 2010 Fourth International Conference on Digital Society, St. Maarten, Netherlands Antilles, Feb. 2010, S. 124\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICDS.2010.29.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDS.2010.29"},{"key":"161_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"W. Oueslati, S. Arrami, Z. Dhouioui, und M. Massaabi, \u201eOpinion leaders\u2019 detection in dynamic social networks\u201c, Concurrency Computat Pract Exper, Bd. 33, Nr. 1, Jan. 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpe.5692.","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.5692"},{"key":"161_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Ligmann-Zielinska, D. B. Kramer, K. Spence Cheruvelil, und P. A. Soranno, \u201eUsing Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analyses in Socioecological Agent-Based Models to Improve Their Analytical Performance and Policy Relevance\u201c, PLoS ONE, Bd. 9, Nr. 10, S. e109779, Okt. 2014, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0109779.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109779"},{"key":"161_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J.-S. Lee u.\u00a0a., \u201eThe Complexities of Agent-Based Modeling Output Analysis\u201c, JASSS, Bd. 18, Nr. 4, S. 4, 2015, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18564\/jasss.2897.","DOI":"10.18564\/jasss.2897"},{"issue":"01","key":"161_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129183108011954","volume":"19","author":"N Boccara","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boccara, N. (2008). Models of opinion formation: influence of opinion leaders. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 19(01), 93\u2013109.","journal-title":"International Journal of Modern Physics C"},{"key":"161_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"X. Liu, C. Huang, H. Li, Q. Dai, und J. Yang, \u201eThe Combination of Pairwise and Group Interactions Promotes Consensus in Opinion Dynamics\u201c, Complexity, Bd. 2021, 2021.","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4382836"},{"key":"161_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Wang und X. Fu, \u201eOpinion dynamics on online-offline interacting networks: media influence and antagonistic interaction\u201c, in Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Workshop on Hot Topics in Planet-scale mObile computing and online Social neTworking - HotPOST \u201916, Paderborn, Germany, 2016, S. 55\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2944789.2944874.","DOI":"10.1145\/2944789.2944874"},{"key":"161_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Collings, A. A. Reeder, I. Adjali, P. Crocker, und M. H. Lyons, \u201eAgent based customer modelling: individuals who learn from their environment\u201c, in Proceedings of the 2000 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC00 (Cat. No.00TH8512), 2000, Bd. 2, S. 1492\u20131497 Bd.2.","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2000.870830"},{"issue":"3","key":"161_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1086\/521848","volume":"113","author":"D Centola","year":"2007","unstructured":"Centola, D., & Macy, M. (2007). Complex Contagions and the Weakness of Long Ties. American Journal of Sociology, 113(3), 702\u2013734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/521848","journal-title":"American Journal of Sociology"},{"key":"161_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J. Matthes, K. Rios Morrison, und C. Schemer, \u201eA Spiral of Silence for Some: Attitude Certainty and the Expression of Political Minority Opinions\u201c, Communication Research, Bd. 37, Nr. 6, S. 774\u2013800, Dez. 2010, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0093650210362685.","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650210362685"},{"key":"161_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400884711","volume-title":"#Republic: Divided democracy in the age of social media","author":"CR Sunstein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sunstein, C. R. (2017). #Republic: Divided democracy in the age of social media. Princeton University Press."},{"issue":"4","key":"161_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.2307\/2786541","volume":"32","author":"S Moscovici","year":"1969","unstructured":"Moscovici, S., Lage, E., & Naffrechoux, M. (1969). Influence of a consistent minority on the responses of a majority in a color perception task. Sociometry, 32(4), 365\u2013380.","journal-title":"Sociometry"},{"key":"161_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M. S. Granovetter, \u201eThe Strength of Weak Ties\u201c, American Journal of Sociology, Bd. 78, Nr. 6, S. 1360\u20131380, Mai 1973, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/225469.","DOI":"10.1086\/225469"},{"key":"161_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L. V. Casal\u00f3, C. Flavi\u00e1n, und S. Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-S\u00e1nchez, \u201eInfluencers on Instagram: Antecedents and consequences of opinion leadership\u201c, Journal of Business Research, S. S0148296318303187, Juli 2018, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbusres.2018.07.005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2018.07.005"},{"key":"161_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R. Huhn, J. Brantes Ferreira, A. Sabino de Freitas, und F. Le\u00e3o, \u201eThe effects of social media opinion leaders\u2019 recommendations on followers\u2019 intention to buy\u201c, RBGN, Bd. 20, Nr. 1, S. 57\u201373, Jan. 2018,https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7819\/rbgn.v20i1.3678.","DOI":"10.7819\/rbgn.v20i1.3678"},{"key":"161_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R. R. Lau, D. J. Andersen, T. M. Ditonto, M. S. Kleinberg, und D. P. Redlawsk, \u201eEffect of Media Environment Diversity and Advertising Tone on Information Search, Selective Exposure, and Affective Polarization\u201c, Polit Behav, Bd. 39, Nr. 1, S. 231\u2013255, M\u00e4rz 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11109-016-9354-8.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11109-016-9354-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"161_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s11186-005-0155-z","volume":"34","author":"L Dahlberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dahlberg, L. (2005). The Habermasian public sphere: Taking difference seriously? Theory and Society, 34(2), 111\u2013136.","journal-title":"Theory and Society"},{"key":"161_CR105","first-page":"1989","volume":"52","author":"J Habermas","year":"1989","unstructured":"Habermas, J. (1989). \u201eThe Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An inquiry into a category of bourgeois society, trans\u201c, Thomas Burger (Cambridge. Mass., 52, 1989.","journal-title":"Mass."},{"issue":"2","key":"161_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1137\/S003614450342480","volume":"45","author":"ME Newman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Newman, M. E. (2003). The structure and function of complex networks. SIAM review, 45(2), 167\u2013256.","journal-title":"SIAM review"},{"key":"161_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"F. Li und T. C. Du, \u201eWho is talking? An ontology-based opinion leader identification framework for word-of-mouth marketing in online social blogs\u201c, Decision Support Systems, Bd. 51, Nr. 1, Art. Nr. 1, Apr. 2011, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dss.2010.12.007.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2010.12.007"},{"key":"161_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Winter und G. Neubaum, \u201eExamining Characteristics of Opinion Leaders in Social Media: A Motivational Approach\u201c, Social Media + Society, Bd. 2, Nr. 3, S. 205630511666585, Sep. 2016, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2056305116665858.","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305116665858"},{"key":"161_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Lewandowsky, U. K. H. Ecker, und J. Cook, \u201eBeyond misinformation: Understanding and coping with the \u201cpost-truth\u201d era.\u201c, Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, Bd. 6, Nr. 4, S. 353\u2013369, Dez. 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jarmac.2017.07.008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jarmac.2017.07.008"},{"key":"161_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Stern und G. Livan, \u201eThe Impact Of Noise And Topology On Opinion Dynamics In Social Networks\u201c, arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.12491, 2020.","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.201943"}],"container-title":["Journal of Computational Social Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42001-022-00161-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s42001-022-00161-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42001-022-00161-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,22]],"date-time":"2024-09-22T23:47:50Z","timestamp":1727048870000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s42001-022-00161-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"references-count":110,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42001-022-00161-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2432-2717","2432-2725"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2432-2717","type":"print"},{"value":"2432-2725","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 April 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}