{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T15:32:52Z","timestamp":1766763172886,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Iran J Comput Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s42044-025-00354-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T15:28:53Z","timestamp":1766762933000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Economic vulnerability and financial transitions post-divorce for Indian women: a machine learning analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Dhanya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Karthikeyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"354_CR1","unstructured":"Census of India.: Population by Marital Status and Sex. Government of India (2021)"},{"issue":"2","key":"354_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2016.00127.x","volume":"42","author":"P Dommaraju","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dommaraju, P.: Divorce and separation in India. Popul. Dev. Rev. 42(2), 195\u2013223 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2016.00127.x","journal-title":"Popul. Dev. Rev."},{"issue":"9","key":"354_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.3390\/bs13090744.PMID:37754022;PMCID:PMC10525459","volume":"13","author":"A Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim, A., Jeon, S., Song, J.: Self-stigma and mental health in divorced single-parent women: mediating effect of self-esteem. Behav Sci (Basel). 13(9), 744 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bs13090744.PMID:37754022;PMCID:PMC10525459","journal-title":"Behav Sci (Basel)."},{"issue":"3","key":"354_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1093\/ojls\/gqae013.PMID:39234500;PMCID:PMC11368827","volume":"44","author":"N Mavronicola","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mavronicola, N.: The case against human rights penality. Oxf. J. Leg. Stud. 44(3), 535\u2013562 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ojls\/gqae013.PMID:39234500;PMCID:PMC11368827","journal-title":"Oxf. J. Leg. Stud."},{"key":"354_CR5","volume-title":"The implementation of domestic violence act in India: a state-level analysis","author":"A Das","year":"2020","unstructured":"Das, A., Lakshmana, C.M.: The implementation of domestic violence act in India: a state-level analysis. Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore (2020)"},{"key":"354_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lansea.2023.100149","author":"H Gupta","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gupta, H.: Delivering justice to women and girls in India. Lancet Regional Health (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lansea.2023.100149","journal-title":"Lancet Regional Health"},{"key":"354_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piper, N.: The global governance of labour mobility: the role of the International Labour Organization. In: Research Handbook on the Institutions of Global Migration Governance, pp. 63\u201375. Edward Elgar Publishing (2023)","DOI":"10.4337\/9781789908077.00012"},{"issue":"9","key":"354_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1177\/00220027221089691","volume":"66","author":"F Haass","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haass, F., Hartzell, C.A., Ottmann, M.: Citizens in peace processes. J. Conflict Resolut. 66(9), 1547\u20131561 (2022)","journal-title":"J. Conflict Resolut."},{"key":"354_CR9","unstructured":"Nigam, S.: Dowry is a Serious economic violence: rethinking dowry law in India. Cambridge Scholars Publishing (2024)"},{"key":"354_CR10","unstructured":"Devadiga, A.S., Amith, S.M., Vivek, M. Unveiling income inequality: income disparities across genders and within the same gender despite equal qualifications"},{"key":"354_CR11","unstructured":"Parashar, A.: Women and family law reform in India: Uniform civil code and gender equality. (No Title) (1992)"},{"key":"354_CR12","unstructured":"Bhupatiraju, S., Chen, D.L., Das, R., Joshi, S., Neis, P.: Impact of free legal search on rule of law: Evidence from Indian Kanoon (2022)"},{"key":"354_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dutta, S., Srivastava, P., Solunke, V., Nath, S., KhudaBukhsh, A.R.: Disentangling societal inequality from model biases: gender inequality in divorce court proceedings. arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.10200 (2023)","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2023\/661"},{"key":"354_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01494929.2025.2484781","author":"FS Ottakkam Thodukayil","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ottakkam Thodukayil, F.S., Palaniswamy, U., Kunjumon, A.: The causes of divorce and its effects on women: a systematic review. Marr. Family Rev. (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01494929.2025.2484781","journal-title":"Marr. Family Rev."},{"key":"354_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02601079231200939","author":"I Khan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khan, I.: An impact analysis of remittance inflows on reducing income-based poverty in South Asia. J. Interdiscip. Econ. (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02601079231200939","journal-title":"J. Interdiscip. Econ."},{"key":"354_CR16","unstructured":"Salih, F.S.: Silent survivors: lived experiences of ex-wives of problematic substance-using husbands (Master's thesis, University of Malta) (2024)"},{"key":"354_CR17","unstructured":"Solanki, P.S., Solanki, Y.K.: Revolutionizing divorce case prediction in India: a machine learning approach to save marriages and enhance decision accuracy. Int. J. Eng. Manag. Res. 13(2)"},{"key":"354_CR18","unstructured":"Council, R.C.: Annual Report 2022\u20132023. Randwick City Council (2022)"},{"key":"354_CR19","volume-title":"Designing and conducting mixed methods research","author":"JW Creswell","year":"2024","unstructured":"Creswell, J.W., Clark, V.L.P.: Designing and conducting mixed methods research, 5th edn. SAGE Publications (2024)","edition":"5"},{"issue":"4","key":"354_CR20","first-page":"412","volume":"26","author":"R Kumar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumar, R., Sharma, A., Patel, D.: Methodological innovations in divorce research: insights from the Global South. Int. J. Soc. Res. Methodol. 26(4), 412\u2013429 (2023)","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Res. Methodol."},{"issue":"2","key":"354_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1177\/08912432211073062","volume":"36","author":"S Bhattacharya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bhattacharya, S., Mukherjee, P.: Approaching sensitive research contexts: mixed methods in gender studies across India. Gender Soc. 36(2), 189\u2013212 (2022)","journal-title":"Gender Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"354_CR22","first-page":"45","volume":"59","author":"A Mehta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mehta, A., Singh, L.: Applications of IHDS data for understanding family transitions in contemporary India. Econ. Polit. Wkly. 59(1), 45\u201358 (2024)","journal-title":"Econ. Polit. Wkly."},{"key":"354_CR23","unstructured":"International Institute for Population Sciences. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019\u201321: India. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India (2022)"},{"key":"354_CR24","unstructured":"Desai, S., Vanneman, R.: India Human Development Survey-II (IHDS-II), 2011\u201312. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] (2023)"},{"key":"354_CR25","unstructured":"Agarwal, R., Deshmukh, N., Roy, T.K.: Post-marital economic transitions study: Technical report on sampling methodology. Centre for Gender Studies, New Delhi (2023)"},{"issue":"1","key":"354_CR26","first-page":"78","volume":"53","author":"S Verma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Verma, S., Gupta, H.: Attrition analysis in longitudinal studies of marital dissolution. Sociol. Methods Res. 53(1), 78\u201396 (2024)","journal-title":"Sociol. Methods Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"354_CR27","first-page":"123","volume":"49","author":"N Shah","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shah, N., Kapoor, M., Ahmad, F.: Regional variations in marital dissolution patterns: a comparative analysis across Indian states. Int. J. Sociol. Fam. 49(2), 123\u2013145 (2023)","journal-title":"Int. J. Sociol. Fam."},{"issue":"1","key":"354_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1177\/0038038512453793","volume":"47","author":"S de Regt","year":"2013","unstructured":"de Regt, S., Mortelmans, D., Marynissen, T.: Financial consequences of relationship dissolution: a longitudinal comparison of formerly married and unmarried cohabiting men and women. Sociology 47(1), 90\u2013108 (2013)","journal-title":"Sociology"},{"issue":"2","key":"354_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113-023-09756-4","volume":"42","author":"D Br\u00fcggmann","year":"2023","unstructured":"Br\u00fcggmann, D., Kreyenfeld, M.: Earnings trajectories after divorce: the legacies of the earner model during marriage. Popul. Res. Policy Rev. 42(2), 23 (2023)","journal-title":"Popul. Res. Policy Rev."},{"key":"354_CR30","unstructured":"Reilly, K.: The economic consequences of divorce: The role of child support, labor force participation and means tested transfers over time (2009)"},{"issue":"4","key":"354_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1007\/s10834-023-09940-w","volume":"45","author":"PJ Smock","year":"2024","unstructured":"Smock, P.J., Tzoc, K., Carr, D.: Gender and the economic consequences of divorce in the United States: variation by race and ethnicity. J. Fam. Econ. Issues 45(4), 800\u2013818 (2024)","journal-title":"J. Fam. Econ. Issues"},{"key":"354_CR32","unstructured":"Malhotra, A., Schuler, S. R., Boender, C.: Measuring women\u2019s empowerment as a variable in international development. In: background paper prepared for the World Bank Workshop on Poverty and Gender: New Perspectives, vol. 28, p. 58. The World Bank, Washington, DC (2002)"},{"key":"354_CR33","unstructured":"Laszlo, S., Grantham, K., Oskay, E., Zhang, T. (2017). Grappling with the Challenges of Measuring Women\u2019s Economic Empowerment. Research Contribution Paper, 12."},{"key":"354_CR34","unstructured":"Agarwal, B.: Gender and legal rights in landed property in India. Kali for Women (1999)"}],"container-title":["Iran Journal of Computer Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42044-025-00354-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s42044-025-00354-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42044-025-00354-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T15:28:55Z","timestamp":1766762935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s42044-025-00354-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42044-025-00354-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2520-8438","2520-8446"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2520-8438","type":"print"},{"value":"2520-8446","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"2"}}