{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T14:04:19Z","timestamp":1774533859680,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570492800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61602503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61602503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61601483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61601483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2017YFB0802300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFB0802300"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CCF Trans. Netw."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s42045-019-00022-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T09:02:39Z","timestamp":1570525359000},"page":"137-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A survey of control consistency in Software-Defined Networking"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Jinshu","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0399-9297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"22_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Shaer, E., Marrero, W., El-Atawy, A., Elbadawi, K.: Network configuration in a box: towards end-to-end verification of network reachability and security. In: IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP), pp. 123\u2013132 (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNP.2009.5339690"},{"key":"22_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Shaer, E., Al-Haj, S.: Flowchecker: Configuration analysis and verification of federated openflow infrastructures. In: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Assurable and Usable Security Configuration, pp. 37\u201344 (2010)","DOI":"10.1145\/1866898.1866905"},{"issue":"4","key":"22_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1145\/1402946.1402972","volume":"38","author":"R Alimi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alimi, R., Wang, Y., Yang, Y.R.: Shadow configuration as a network management primitive. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 38(4), 111\u2013122 (2008)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."},{"key":"22_CR5","unstructured":"Aslan, M., Matrawy, A.: Adaptive consistency for distributed SDN controllers. In: 17th International Telecommunications Network Strategy and Planning Symposium (Networks) (2016), pp. 150\u2013157"},{"key":"22_CR6","unstructured":"Aslan, M., Matrawy, A.: Maintaining an up-to-date global network view in SDN. \narXiv:1612.04944\n\n (2016)"},{"key":"22_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AuYoung, A., Ma, Y., Banerjee, S., Lee, J., Sharma, P., Turner, Y., Liang, C., Mogul, J.C.: Democratic resolution of resource conflicts between SDN control programs. In: ACM International Conference on emerging Networking EXperiments and Technologies (CoNEXT) (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2674005.2674992"},{"key":"22_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bairley, A., Xie, G.G.: Orchestrating network control functions via comprehensive trade-off exploration. In: NFV-SDN, pp. 114\u2013120 (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/NFV-SDN.2016.7919485"},{"issue":"6","key":"22_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1145\/2666356.2594317","volume":"49","author":"T Ball","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ball, T., Bj\u00f8rner, N., Gember, A., Itzhaky, S., Karbyshev, A., Sagiv, M., Schapira, M., Valadarsky, A.: Vericon: Towards verifying controller programs in software-defined networks. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 49(6), 282\u2013293 (2014)","journal-title":"ACM SIGPLAN Notices"},{"key":"22_CR10","volume-title":"Microsoft System Center-Network Virtualization and Cloud Computing","author":"N Benmessaoud","year":"2014","unstructured":"Benmessaoud, N., Tulloch, M., Williams, C., Mudigonda, U.M.: Microsoft System Center-Network Virtualization and Cloud Computing. Pearson Education, London (2014)"},{"key":"22_CR11","unstructured":"Berde, P., Gerola, M., Hart, J., Higuchi, Y., Kobayashi, M., Koide, T., Lantz, B., O\u2019Connor, B., Radoslavov, P., Snow, W., et al.: Onos: towards an open, distributed SDN os. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN) (2014)"},{"key":"22_CR27","unstructured":"Big Switch Networks:\u00a0Project floodlight\u00a0(2019).\u00a0\nhttp:\/\/www.projectfloodlight.org\n\n. Accessed 10 July 2019"},{"key":"22_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bjorklund, M.: Yang-a data modeling language for the network configuration protocol, RFC6020. IETF (2010)","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc6020"},{"issue":"2","key":"22_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2012.37","volume":"45","author":"E Brewer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brewer, E.: Cap twelve years later: How the\u201d rules\u201d have changed. Computer 45(2), 23\u201329 (2012)","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"22_CR14","unstructured":"Canini, M., Venzano, D., Peresini, P., Kostic, D., Rexford, J.: A nice way to test openflow applications. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI) (2012)"},{"key":"22_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Canini, M., Kuznetsov, P., Levin, D., Schmid, S.: Software transactional networking: concurrent and consistent policy composition. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN) (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2491185.2491200"},{"key":"22_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, H., Benson, T.: The case for making tight control plane latency guarantees in SDN switches. In: ACM Symposium on SDN Research (2017)","DOI":"10.1145\/3050220.3050237"},{"key":"22_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Curtis, A.R., Mogul, J.C., Tourrilhes, J., Yalagandula, P., Sharma, P., Banerjee, S.: Devoflow: scaling flow management for high-performance networks. In: ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/2018436.2018466"},{"issue":"1","key":"22_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1145\/3041027.3041030","volume":"47","author":"B Davie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Davie, B., Koponen, T., Pettit, J., Pfaff, B., Casado, M., Gude, N., Padmanabhan, A., Petty, T., Duda, K., Chanda, A.: A database approach to SDN control plane design. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 47(1), 15\u201326 (2017)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"22_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1145\/2534169.2491193","volume":"43","author":"A Dixit","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dixit, A., Hao, F., Mukherjee, S., Lakshman, T., Kompella, R.: Towards an elastic distributed SDN controller. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 43(4), 7\u201312 (2013)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"22_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1145\/1140103.1140313","volume":"34","author":"Q Dong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dong, Q., Banerjee, S., Wang, J., Agrawal, D., Shukla, A.: Packet classifiers in ternary cams can be smaller. ACM SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev. 34(1), 311\u2013322 (2006)","journal-title":"ACM SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"22_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2015.7166189","volume":"29","author":"M Dong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dong, M., Li, H., Ota, K., Xiao, J.: Rule caching in SDN-enabled mobile access networks. IEEE Netw. 29(4), 40\u201345 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Netw."},{"issue":"6","key":"22_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1145\/2980983.2908124","volume":"51","author":"A El-Hassany","year":"2016","unstructured":"El-Hassany, A., Miserez, J., Bielik, P., Vanbever, L., Vechev, M.: Sdnracer: concurrency analysis for software-defined networks. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 51(6), 402\u2013415 (2016)","journal-title":"ACM SIGPLAN Notices"},{"key":"22_CR24","unstructured":"Fayaz, S.K., Sharma, T., Fogel, A., Mahajan, R., Millstein, T.D., Sekar, V., Varghese, G.: Efficient network reachability analysis using a succinct control plane representation. In: USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementations (OSDI), pp. 217\u2013232 (2016)"},{"key":"22_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferguson, A.D., Guha, A., Liang, C., Fonseca, R., Krishnamurthi, S.: Hierarchical policies for software defined networks. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN) (2012)","DOI":"10.1145\/2342441.2342450"},{"key":"22_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferguson, A.D., Guha, A., Liang, C., Fonseca, R., Krishnamurthi, S.: Participatory networking: an api for application control of SDNs. In: ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2486001.2486003"},{"key":"22_CR28","unstructured":"Foerster, K.-T., Schmid, S., Vissicchio, S.: Survey of consistent network updates. \narXiv:1609.02305\n\n (2016)"},{"key":"22_CR29","unstructured":"Fogel, A., Fung, S., Pedrosa, L., Walraed-Sullivan, M., Govindan, R., Mahajan, R., Millstein, T.D.: A general approach to network configuration analysis. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), pp. 469\u2013483 (2015)"},{"key":"22_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foster, N., Harrison, R., Freedman, M.J., Monsanto, C., Rexford, J., Story, A., Walker, D.: Frenetic: a network programming language. In: ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP) (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/2034773.2034812"},{"key":"22_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F\u00f6rster, K.-T., Mahajan, R., Wattenhofer, R.: Consistent updates in software defined networks: on dependencies, loop freedom, and blackholes. In: IFIP International Conferences on Networking (Networking) (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/IFIPNetworking.2016.7497232"},{"key":"22_CR1","unstructured":"Google: A software defined wan architecture (2012).\u00a0\nhttp:\/\/opennetsummit.org\/archives\/apr12\/vahdat-wed-sdnstack.pdf\n\n. Accessed 30 Sept 2017"},{"key":"22_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hinrichs, T.L., Gude, N.S., Casado, M., Mitchell, J.C., Shenker, S.: Practical declarative network management. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Research on Enterprise\u00a0Networking (WREN)\u00a0(2009)","DOI":"10.1145\/1592681.1592683"},{"key":"22_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong, C.-Y., Kandula, S., Mahajan, R., Zhang, M., Gill, V., Nanduri, M., Wattenhofer, R.: Achieving high utilization with software-driven wan. In: ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2486001.2486012"},{"key":"22_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jain, S., Kumar, A., Mandal, S., Ong, J., Poutievski, L., Singh, A., Venkata, S., Wanderer, J., Zhou, J., Zhu, M., et al.: B4: experience with a globally-deployed software defined wan. In: ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2486001.2486019"},{"key":"22_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, X., Liu, H.H., Gandhi, R., Kandula, S., Mahajan, R., Zhang, M., Rexford, J., Wattenhofer, R.: Dynamic scheduling of network updates. In: ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2619239.2626307"},{"key":"22_CR35","unstructured":"Jin, X., Gossels, J., Rexford, J., Walker, D.: Covisor: A compositional hypervisor for software-defined networks. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI) (2015)"},{"key":"22_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kang, N., Liu, Z., Rexford, J., Walker, D.: Optimizing the one big switch abstraction in software-defined networks. In: Proceedings of the ninth ACM conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies, pp. 13\u201324 (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2535372.2535373"},{"key":"22_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katta, N.P., Rexford, J., Walker, D.: Incremental consistent updates. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN) (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2491185.2491191"},{"key":"22_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katta, N., Alipourfard, O., Rexford, J., Walker, D.: Cacheflow: dependency-aware rule-caching for software-defined networks. In: ACM Symposium on SDN Research (2016)","DOI":"10.1145\/2890955.2890969"},{"key":"22_CR40","unstructured":"Kazemian, P., Chan, M., Zeng, H., Varghese, G., McKeown, N., Whyte, S.: Real time network policy checking using header space analysis. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), pp. 99\u2013111 (2013)"},{"key":"22_CR41","unstructured":"Kazemian, P., Varghese, G., McKeown, N.: Header space analysis: static checking for networks. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), vol. 12, pp. 113\u2013126 (2012)"},{"issue":"4","key":"22_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1145\/2377677.2377766","volume":"42","author":"A Khurshid","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khurshid, A., Zhou, W., Caesar, M., Godfrey, P.: Veriflow: Verifying network-wide invariants in real time. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 42(4), 467\u2013472 (2012)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."},{"key":"22_CR43","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","author":"Changhoon Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim, C., Caesar, M., Gerber, A., Rexford, J.: Revisiting route caching: The world should be flat. In: Passive and Active Measurement Conference (PAM), vol. 9, pp. 3\u201312 (2009)"},{"key":"22_CR44","unstructured":"Kim, H., Reich, J., Gupta, A., Shahbaz, M., Feamster, N., Clark, R.: Kinetic: Verifiable dynamic network control. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI) (2015)"},{"key":"22_CR81","unstructured":"Koley, B.:\u00a0Software defined networking at scale\u00a0(2014).\u00a0\nhttps:\/\/static.googleusercontent.com\/media\/research.google.com\/en\/\/pubs\/archive\/42948.pdf\n\n. Accessed 30 Sept 2017"},{"key":"22_CR45","unstructured":"Koponen, T., Casado, M., Gude, N., Stribling, J., Poutievski, L., Zhu, M., Ramanathan, R., Iwata, Y., Inoue, H., Hama, T., et al.: Onix: a distributed control platform for large-scale production networks. In: USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementations (OSDI) (2010)"},{"key":"22_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-15509-8_26","volume-title":"Passive and Active Measurement","author":"Maciej Ku\u017aniar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ku\u017aniar, M., Pere\u0161\u00edni, P., Kosti\u0107, D.: What you need to know about SDN flow tables. In: International Conference on Passive and Active Network Measurement, pp. 347\u2013359 (2015)"},{"key":"22_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levin, D., Wundsam, A., Heller, B., Handigol, N., Feldmann, A.: Logically centralized?: state distribution trade-offs in software defined networks. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN), pp. 1\u20136 (2012)","DOI":"10.1145\/2342441.2342443"},{"issue":"2","key":"22_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2009.2030188","volume":"18","author":"AX Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu, A.X., Meiners, C.R., Torng, E.: Tcam razor: a systematic approach towards minimizing packet classifiers in tcams. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw. 18(2), 490\u2013500 (2010)","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw."},{"key":"22_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, H.H., Wu, X., Zhang, M., Yuan, L., Wattenhofer, R., Maltz, D.: zUpdate: updating data center networks with zero loss. In: ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2486001.2486005"},{"issue":"5","key":"22_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1145\/1095809.1095818","volume":"39","author":"BT Loo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Loo, B.T., Condie, T., Hellerstein, J.M., Maniatis, P., Roscoe, T., Stoica, I.: Implementing declarative overlays. ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev. 39(5), 75\u201390 (2005)","journal-title":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev."},{"key":"22_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loo, B.T., Condie, T., Garofalakis, M., Gay, D.E., Hellerstein, J.M., Maniatis, P., Ramakrishnan, R., Roscoe, T., Stoica, I.: Declarative networking: language, execution and optimization. In: ACM Conference on Management of Data (SIGMOD) (2006)","DOI":"10.1145\/1142473.1142485"},{"key":"22_CR52","unstructured":"Lopes, N.P., Bj\u00f8rner, N., Godefroid, P., Jayaraman, K., Varghese, G.: Checking beliefs in dynamic networks. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), pp. 499\u2013512 (2015)"},{"key":"22_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ludwig, A., Rost, M., Foucard, D., Schmid, S.: Good network updates for bad packets: waypoint enforcement beyond destination-based routing policies. In: ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets) (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2670518.2673873"},{"key":"22_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2015.09.016","volume":"92","author":"S Luo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Luo, S., Yu, H., Li, L.: Practical flow table aggregation in SDN. Comput. Netw. 92, 72\u201388 (2015)","journal-title":"Comput. Netw."},{"key":"22_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahajan, R., Wattenhofer, R.: On consistent updates in software defined networks. In: ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets) (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2535771.2535791"},{"issue":"4","key":"22_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1145\/2043164.2018470","volume":"41","author":"H Mai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mai, H., Khurshid, A., Agarwal, R., Caesar, M., Godfrey, P., King, S.T.: Debugging the data plane with anteater. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 41(4), 290\u2013301 (2011)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."},{"key":"22_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marsico, A., Doriguzzi-Corin, R., Siracusa, D.: An effective swapping mechanism to overcome the memory limitation of SDN devices. In: IFIP\/IEEE Symposium on Integrated Network and Service Management (IM) (2017)","DOI":"10.23919\/INM.2017.7987286"},{"key":"22_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McClurg, J., Hojjat, H., Foster, N.: Efficient synthesis of network updates. In: ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Programming Language Design & Implementation (PLDI) (2015)","DOI":"10.1145\/2737924.2737980"},{"key":"22_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGeer, R.: A safe, efficient update protocol for openflow networks. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN) (2012)","DOI":"10.1145\/2342441.2342454"},{"key":"22_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Medved, J., Varga, R., Tkacik, A., Gray, K.: Opendaylight: towards a model-driven SDN controller architecture. In: IEEE International Symposium on A World of Wireless (WoWMoM) (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/WoWMoM.2014.6918985"},{"issue":"2","key":"22_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2011.2165323","volume":"20","author":"CR Meiners","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meiners, C.R., Liu, A.X., Torng, E.: Bit weaving: a non-prefix approach to compressing packet classifiers in tcams. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw. 20(2), 488\u2013500 (2012)","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw."},{"key":"22_CR82","unstructured":"Microsoft: Sdn in windows server overview (2018).\u00a0\nhttps:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows-server-docs\/networking\/sdn\/software-defined-networking\n\n. Accessed 30 Sept 2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"22_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2015.2477041","volume":"18","author":"R Mijumbi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mijumbi, R., Serrat, J., Gorricho, J.-L., Bouten, N., De Turck, F., Boutaba, R.: Network function virtualization: state-of-the-art and research challenges. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 18(1), 236\u2013262 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor."},{"key":"22_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mizrahi, T., Moses, Y.: Time-based updates in software defined networks. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN), pp. 163\u2013164 (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2491185.2491214"},{"key":"22_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mizrahi, T., Moses, Y.: Software defined networks: it\u2019s about time. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM) (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2016.7524418"},{"key":"22_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mizrahi, T., Rottenstreich, O., Moses, Y.: Timeflip: scheduling network updates with timestamp-based tcam ranges. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM) (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2015.7218645"},{"issue":"6","key":"22_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3412","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2016.2529058","volume":"24","author":"T Mizrahi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mizrahi, T., Saat, E., Moses, Y.: Timed consistent network updates in software-defined networks. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw. 24(6), 3412\u20133425 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw."},{"key":"22_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mogul, J.C., AuYoung, A., Banerjee, S., Popa, L., Lee, J., Mudigonda, J., Sharma, P., Turner, Y.: Corybantic: towards the modular composition of SDN control programs. In: ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets) (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2535771.2535795"},{"key":"22_CR68","unstructured":"Nelson, T., Ferguson, A.D., Scheer, M.J., Krishnamurthi, S.: Tierless programming and reasoning for software-defined networks. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), vol. 14, pp. 519\u2013531 (2014)"},{"key":"22_CR69","unstructured":"Nicira:\u00a0Nox\u00a0(2014).\u00a0\nhttps:\/\/github.com\/noxrepo\/\n\n. Accessed 10 July 2019"},{"key":"22_CR70","unstructured":"ON.Lab:\u00a0Onos\u00a0(2019).\u00a0\nhttps:\/\/onosproject.org\n\n. Accessed 10 July 2019"},{"key":"22_CR71","unstructured":"OpenDaylight:\u00a0Opendaylight Project\u00a0(2018).\u00a0\nhttp:\/\/www.opendaylight.org\/\n\n. Accessed 10 July 2019"},{"key":"22_CR72","unstructured":"Panda, A., Zheng, W., Hu, X., Krishnamurthy, A., Shenker, S.: Scl: simplifying distributed SDN control planes. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI) (2017)"},{"key":"22_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porras, P., Shin, S., Yegneswaran, V., Fong, M., Tyson, M., Gu, G.: A security enforcement kernel for openflow networks. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN) (2012)","DOI":"10.1145\/2342441.2342466"},{"key":"22_CR74","unstructured":"Prakash, C., Lee, J., Turner, Y., Kang, J.-M., Akella, A., Banerjee, S., Clark, C., Ma, Y., Sharma, P., Zhang, Y.: Pga: Using graphs to express and automatically reconcile network policies. In: ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (2015)"},{"key":"22_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reitblatt, M., Foster, N., Rexford, J., Walker, D.: Consistent updates for software-defined networks: change you can believe in! In:\u00a0ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets) (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/2070562.2070569"},{"key":"22_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reitblatt, M., Foster, N., Rexford, J., Schlesinger, C., Walker, D.: Abstractions for network update. In: ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (2012)","DOI":"10.1145\/2342356.2342427"},{"key":"22_CR77","unstructured":"NTT:\u00a0Ryu\u00a0(2017).\u00a0\nhttps:\/\/osrg.github.io\/ryu\/\n\n. Accessed 10 July 2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"22_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1145\/2096149.2096152","volume":"42","author":"N Sarrar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sarrar, N., Uhlig, S., Feldmann, A., Sherwood, R., Huang, X.: Leveraging zipf\u2019s law for traffic offloading. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 42(1), 16\u201322 (2012)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"22_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1109\/40.903060","volume":"21","author":"D Shah","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shah, D., Gupta, P.: Fast updating algorithms for tcam. IEEE Micro 21(1), 36\u201347 (2001)","journal-title":"IEEE Micro"},{"issue":"4","key":"22_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1145\/2620728.2620755","volume":"44","author":"N Shelly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shelly, N., Jackson, E.J., Koponen, T., McKeown, N., Rajahalme, J.: Flow caching for high entropy packet fields. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 44(4), 151\u2013156 (2014)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."},{"key":"22_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soul\u00e9, R., Basu, S., Marandi, P.J., Pedone, F., Kleinberg, R., Sirer, E.G., Foster, N.: Merlin: a language for provisioning network resources. In: ACM International Conference on emerging Networking EXperiments and Technologies (CoNEXT) (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2674005.2674989"},{"key":"22_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, P., Mahajan, R., Rexford, J., Yuan, L., Zhang, M., Arefin, A.: A network-state management service. In: ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2619239.2626298"},{"key":"22_CR85","unstructured":"Tootoonchian, A., Ganjali, Y.: Hyperflow: A distributed control plane for openflow. In: Proceedings of the 2010 internet network management conference on Research on enterprise networking, pp. 3\u20133 (2010)"},{"key":"22_CR86","unstructured":"NEC: Trema (2018).\u00a0\nhttps:\/\/trema.github.io\/trema\/\n\n. Accessed 10 July 2019"},{"key":"22_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vamanan, B., Vijaykumar, T.: Treecam: decoupling updates and lookups in packet classification. In: ACM International Conference on emerging Networking EXperiments and Technologies (CoNEXT) (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/2079296.2079323"},{"key":"22_CR23","unstructured":"Vanian, J.: Facebook shows the promise of sdn with new networking tech (2014).\u00a0\nhttps:\/\/gigaom.com\/2014\/11\/14\/facebook-shows-the-promise-of-sdn-with-new-networking-tech\/\n\n. Accessed 30 Sept 2017"},{"key":"22_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vishnoi, A., Poddar, R., Mann, V., Bhattacharya, S.: Effective switch memory management in openflow networks. In: Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems, ACM, pp. 177\u2013188 (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2611286.2611301"},{"key":"22_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vissicchio, S., Cittadini, L.: Flip the (flow) table: fast lightweight policy-preserving SDN updates. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM) (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2016.7524419"},{"issue":"4","key":"22_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1145\/2534169.2486030","volume":"43","author":"A Voellmy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Voellmy, A., Wang, J., Yang, Y.R., Ford, B., Hudak, P.: Maple: Simplifying SDN programming using algorithmic policies. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 43(4), 87\u201398 (2013)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."},{"key":"22_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Voellmy, A., Agarwal, A., Hudak, P.: Nettle: functional reactive programming for openflow networks. In: International Symposium on Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages (PADL) (2011)","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA555162"},{"key":"22_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Volpano, D.M., Sun, X., Xie, G.G.: Towards systematic detection and resolution of network control conflicts. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN) (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2620728.2620745"},{"issue":"12","key":"22_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2004.108","volume":"53","author":"Z Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Che, H., Kumar, M., Das, S.K.: Coptua: consistent policy table update algorithm for tcam without locking. IEEE Trans. Comput. 53(12), 1602\u20131614 (2004)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput."},{"key":"22_CR94","unstructured":"Wang, W., He, W., Su, J.: Redactor: reconcile network control with declarative control programs in SDN. In: IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP) (2016a)"},{"key":"22_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, W., He, W., Su, J., Chen, Y.: Cupid: congestion-free consistent data plane update in software defined networks. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM) (2016b)","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2016.7524420"},{"key":"22_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C., Mei, X., Croft, J., Caesar, M., Godfrey, B.: Ravel: A database-defined network. In: ACM Symposium on SDN Research (2016c)","DOI":"10.1145\/2890955.2890970"},{"key":"22_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen, X., Diao, C., Zhao, X., Chen, Y., Li, L.E., Yang, B., Bu, K.: Compiling minimum incremental update for modular SDN languages. In: ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking (HotSDN), pp. 193\u2013198 (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2620728.2620733"},{"key":"22_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen, X., Yang, B., Chen, Y., Li, L.E., Bu, K., Zheng, P., Yang, Y., Hu, C.: Ruletris: minimizing rule update latency for tcam-based SDN switches. In: IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS.2016.41"},{"issue":"2","key":"22_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2015.2398197","volume":"24","author":"H Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang, H., Lam, S.S.: Real-time verification of network properties using atomic predicates. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw. 24(2), 887\u2013900 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw."},{"issue":"2","key":"22_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2013.6461198","volume":"51","author":"SH Yeganeh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yeganeh, S.H., Tootoonchian, A., Ganjali, Y.: On scalability of software-defined networking. IEEE Commun. Mag. 51(2), 136\u2013141 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"key":"22_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, Y., Qian, C., Wu, W., Zhang, Y.: Netcp: Consistent, non-interruptive and efficient checkpointing and rollback of SDN. In: IEEE\/ACM International Symposium on Quality of Service (IWQoS) (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/IWQoS.2018.8624142"},{"key":"22_CR102","unstructured":"Yuan, B., Zou, D., Yu, S., Jin, H., Qiang, W., Shen, J.: Defending against flow table overloading attack in software-defined networks. IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput. (2016)"},{"key":"22_CR103","unstructured":"Zeng, H., Zhang, S., Ye, F., Jeyakumar, V., Ju, M., Liu, J., McKeown, N., Vahdat, A.: Libra: divide and conquer to verify forwarding tables in huge networks. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), vol. 14, pp. 87\u201399 (2014)"},{"key":"22_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, J., Chen, G., Schmid, S., Dai, H., Wu, J.: Chronus: consistent data plane updates in timed SDNs. In: IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS.2017.96"},{"key":"22_CR105","unstructured":"Zhou, W., Jin, D., Croft, J., Caesar, M., Godfrey, P.B.: Enforcing customizable consistency properties in software-defined networks. In: USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI) (2015)"}],"container-title":["CCF Transactions on Networking"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42045-019-00022-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s42045-019-00022-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42045-019-00022-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T23:44:53Z","timestamp":1602027893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s42045-019-00022-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["22"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42045-019-00022-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2520-8462","2520-8470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2520-8462","type":"print"},{"value":"2520-8470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 December 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 August 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}