{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T17:33:30Z","timestamp":1772213610607,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]],"date-time":"2023-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]],"date-time":"2023-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001663","name":"Volkswagen Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006708","name":"Bauhaus-Universit\u00e4t Weimar","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SN COMPUT. SCI."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Care of ageing adults has become a dominant field of application for assistive robot technologies, promising support for ageing adults residing in care homes and staff, in dealing with practical routine tasks and providing social and emotional relieve. A time consuming and human intensive necessity is the maintenance of high hygiene quality in care homes. Robotic vacuum cleaners have been proven effective for doing the job elsewhere, but\u2014in the context of care homes\u2014are counterproductive for residents\u2019 well-being and do not get accepted. This is because people with dementia manifest their agency in more implicit and emotional ways, while making sense of the world around them. Starting from these premises, we explored how a zoomorphic designed vacuum cleaner could better accommodate the sensemaking of people with dementia. Our design reconceptualises robotic vacuum cleaners as a cat-like robot, referring to a playful behaviour and appearance to communicate a non-threatening and familiar role model. Data from an observational study shows that residents responded positively to our prototype, as most of them engaged playfully with it as if it was a pet or a cat-like toy, for example luring it with gestures. Some residents simply ignored the robot, indicating that it was not perceived as frightening or annoying. The level of activity influenced reactions; residents ignored our prototype if busy with other occupations, which proves that it did not cause significant disturbance. We further report results from focus group sessions with formal and informal caregivers who discussed a video prototype of our robot. Caregivers encouraged us to enhance the animal like characteristics (in behaviour and materiality) even further to result in richer interactions and provoke haptic pleasure but also pointed out that residents should not mistake the robot for a real cat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-023-01769-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]],"date-time":"2023-04-29T13:02:20Z","timestamp":1682773340000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Floor Cleaners as Helper Pets: Projecting Assistive Robots\u2019 Agency on Zoomorphic Affordances"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3422-4160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie Alice","family":"Grimme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avgi","family":"Kollakidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"S\u00f8nderskov Zarp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Hornecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Graf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Marchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1769_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/health_glance-2015-en","volume-title":"Health at a glance 2011","author":"O Indicators","year":"2015","unstructured":"Indicators O. Health at a glance 2011. Paris: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing; 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/health_glance-2015-en. (Accessed February 15, 2016)."},{"key":"1769_CR2","unstructured":"World-Health-Organisation. World Health Organisation\u2014Dementia. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/dementia. 2021. Accessed 12 Jan 2022"},{"key":"1769_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1368-504X.2005.00482.x","volume":"59","author":"E Rimmer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rimmer E, Wojciechowska M, Stave C, Sganga A, O\u2019Connell B. Implications of the facing dementia survey for the general population, patients and caregivers across Europe. Int J Clin Pract. 2005;59:17\u201324.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"1769_CR4","volume-title":"Embracing the critical role of caregivers around the world","author":"E Carers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carers E. Embracing the critical role of caregivers around the world. Germany: Darmstadt; 2017."},{"key":"1769_CR5","unstructured":"Health E. Rising need for elder care in Europe necessitates new paradigm for elder caregiving training: a landscape analysis. EIT Health-Innovative healtcare solutions of tomorrow; 2017."},{"issue":"11","key":"1769_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1145\/3127874","volume":"60","author":"LD Riek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Riek LD. Healthcare robotics. Commun ACM. 2017;60(11):68\u201378.","journal-title":"Commun ACM"},{"key":"1769_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.12.017","volume":"93","author":"R Latikka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Latikka R, Turja T, Oksanen A. Self-efficacy and acceptance of robots. Comput Hum Behav. 2019;93:157\u201363.","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"key":"1769_CR8","unstructured":"Europe A. Dementia in Europe yearbook 2019: Estimating the prevalence of dementia in Europe. Alzheimer Europe; 2019."},{"issue":"3","key":"1769_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1080\/09602010343000264","volume":"14","author":"S Bozeat","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bozeat S, Patterson K, Hodges J. Relearning object use in semantic dementia. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2004;14(3):351\u201363.","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"1769_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-10-28","volume":"10","author":"M Takeda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Takeda M, Hashimoto R, Kudo T, Okochi M, Tagami S, Morihara T, Sadick G, Tanaka T. Laughter and humor as complementary and alternative medicines for dementia patients. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010;10(1):1\u20137.","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1769_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959259815000106","volume":"25","author":"C Cox","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cox C, Vassallo M. Fear of falling assessments in older people with dementia. Rev Clin Gerontol. 2015;25(2):98.","journal-title":"Rev Clin Gerontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1769_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/13554794.2010.497156","volume":"17","author":"EG Chrysikou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chrysikou EG, Giovannetti T, Wambach DM, Lyon AC, Grossman M, Libon DJ. The importance of multiple assessments of object knowledge in semantic dementia: The case of the familiar objects task. Neurocase. 2011;17(1):57\u201375.","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"issue":"4","key":"1769_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317507303761","volume":"22","author":"BE Harrison","year":"2007","unstructured":"Harrison BE, Son G-R, Kim J, Whall AL. Preserved implicit memory in dementia: a potential model for care. Am J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis Other Dement. 2007;22(4):286\u201393.","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis Other Dement"},{"issue":"3","key":"1769_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1080\/13825585.2014.933770","volume":"22","author":"SdM Borges","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borges SdM, Radanovic M, Forlenza OV. Fear of falling and falls in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2015;22(3):312\u201321.","journal-title":"Aging Neuropsychol Cogn"},{"key":"1769_CR15","volume-title":"Mobile interaction design","author":"M Jones","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jones M, Marsden G, et al. Mobile interaction design, vol. 10. New York: Wiley; 2006."},{"key":"1769_CR16","volume-title":"Interaction design: beyond human-computer interaction","author":"Y Rogers","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rogers Y, Sharp H, Preece J. Interaction design: beyond human-computer interaction. New York: Wiley; 2011."},{"key":"1769_CR17","volume-title":"Ergonomics of human-system interaction-part 210: human centred design for interactive systems, ISO 9241\u2013210","author":"International-Standards-Organization","year":"2010","unstructured":"International-Standards-Organization. Ergonomics of human-system interaction-part 210: human centred design for interactive systems, ISO 9241\u2013210. Geneva: International Standards Organization; 2010."},{"issue":"4","key":"1769_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.4018\/IJSKD.2017100103","volume":"9","author":"M Guffroy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guffroy M, Nadine V, Kolski C, Vella F, Teutsch P. From human-centered design to disabled user & ecosystem centered design in case of assistive interactive systems. Int J Sociotechnol Knowl Dev (IJSKD). 2017;9(4):28\u201342.","journal-title":"Int J Sociotechnol Knowl Dev (IJSKD)"},{"key":"1769_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dewing J. Caring for people with dementia: noise and light. Nurs Older People. 2009;21(5):34\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7748\/nop2009.06.21.5.34.c7","DOI":"10.7748\/nop2009.06.21.5.34.c7"},{"key":"1769_CR20","unstructured":"Bush R. Seeing red in dementia care: does the colour red stimulate appetite, or not? https:\/\/www.felgains.com\/blog\/seeing-red-dementia-care-colour-red-stimulate-appetite-not\/ 2018. Accessed 14 Feb 2022"},{"key":"1769_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Martelaro N, Ju W. Woz way: enabling real-time remote interaction prototyping & observation in on-road vehicles. In: Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on computer supported cooperative work and social computing. CSCW \u201917, pp. 169\u2013182. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA; 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2998181.2998293.","DOI":"10.1145\/2998181.2998293"},{"key":"1769_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sirkin D, Mok B, Yang S, Ju W. Mechanical ottoman: How robotic furniture offers and withdraws support. In: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual ACM\/IEEE International Conference on human-robot interaction. HRI \u201915, pp. 11\u201318. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA; 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2696454.2696461.","DOI":"10.1145\/2696454.2696461"},{"key":"1769_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mancini C, Rogers Y, Bandara AK, Coe T, Jedrzejczyk L, Joinson AN, Price BA, Thomas K, Nuseibeh B. Contravision: Exploring users\u2019 reactions to futuristic technology. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on human factors in computing systems, pp. 153\u2013162. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA; 2010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1753326.1753350.","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753350"},{"key":"1769_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2016.12.004","volume":"100","author":"SA McGlynn","year":"2017","unstructured":"McGlynn SA, Kemple S, Mitzner TL, King C-HA, Rogers WA. Understanding the potential of paro for healthy older adults. Int J Hum Comput Stud. 2017;100:33\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2016.12.004.","journal-title":"Int J Hum Comput Stud"}],"container-title":["SN Computer Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42979-023-01769-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s42979-023-01769-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42979-023-01769-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,17]],"date-time":"2023-06-17T15:18:34Z","timestamp":1687015114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s42979-023-01769-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1769"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42979-023-01769-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2661-8907"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2661-8907","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 March 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Southern Denmark.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}],"article-number":"372"}}