{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T20:10:07Z","timestamp":1751314207868,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751241600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SN COMPUT. SCI."],"DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-025-04149-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T19:44:13Z","timestamp":1751312653000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["IoTGuard: Enhancing Trust Management in IoT with Long Short-Term Memory and Multi-criteria Decision-Making Techniques"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5118-7739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raja Waseem","family":"Anwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nafaa","family":"Jabeur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haroon","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"4149_CR1","first-page":"71","volume":"5","author":"AS Abdul-Qawy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdul-Qawy AS, Pramod P, Magesh E, Srinivasulu T. The internet of things (IoT): an overview. Int J Eng Res Appl. 2015;5(12):71\u201382.","journal-title":"Int J Eng Res Appl"},{"key":"4149_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2020.06.030","volume":"160","author":"A Sharma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sharma A, Pilli ES, Mazumdar AP, Gera P. Towards trustworthy Internet of Things: a survey on trust management applications and schemes. Comput Commun. 2020;160:475\u201393.","journal-title":"Comput Commun"},{"key":"4149_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2014.11.008","volume":"76","author":"S Sicari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sicari S, Rizzardi A, Grieco LA, Coen-Porisini A. Security, privacy and trust in internet of things: the road ahead. Comput Netw. 2015;76:146\u201364.","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"key":"4149_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29763","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2880838","volume":"7","author":"IU Din","year":"2018","unstructured":"Din IU, Guizani M, Kim B-S, Hassan S, Khan MK. Trust management techniques for the internet of things: a survey. IEEE Access. 2018;7:29763\u201387.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"4149_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Ullah, A. Salam, F. Amin, I. A. Khan, J. Ahmed, S. A. Zaib, and G. S. Choi, \u201cDeep trust: a novel framework for dynamic trust and reputation management in the internet of things (IoT) based networks,\u201d IEEE Access, pp. 1\u20131, 2024.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3409273"},{"key":"4149_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106967","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3318005","volume":"11","author":"RW Anwar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Anwar RW, Outay F, Qureshi KN, Iqbal S, Ghafoor KZ. State-based energy calculation scheme for internet of things networks. IEEE Access. 2023;11:106967\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3318005.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"4149_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36346","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3373697","volume":"12","author":"A Salam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Salam A, Abrar M, Amin F, Ullah F, Khan IA, Alkhamees BF, AlSalman H. Securing smart manufacturing by integrating anomaly detection with zero-knowledge proofs. IEEE Access. 2024;12:36346\u201360.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"5","key":"4149_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.3390\/e23050529","volume":"23","author":"M Rabbani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rabbani M, Wang Y, Khoshkangini R, Jelodar H, Zhao R, Ahmadi SBB, Ayobi S. \u201cA review on machine learning approaches for network malicious behavior detection in emerging technologies.\u201d Entropy. 2021;23(5):529.","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"issue":"6","key":"4149_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-021-00815-1","volume":"2","author":"IH Sarker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sarker IH. Deep learning: a comprehensive overview on techniques, taxonomy, applications and research directions. SN Comput Sci. 2021;2(6):420.","journal-title":"SN Comput Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"4149_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.3390\/s22020634","volume":"22","author":"Y Alghofaili","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alghofaili Y, Rassam MA. A trust management model for IoT devices and services based on the multi-criteria decision-making approach and deep long short-term memory technique. Sensors. 2022;22(2):634.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"4149_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-024-03697-2","volume":"30","author":"R Priyadarshi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Priyadarshi R. Exploring machine learning solutions for overcoming challenges in IoT-based wireless sensor network routing: a comprehensive review. Wireless Netw. 2024;30:1\u201327.","journal-title":"Wireless Netw"},{"key":"4149_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55308","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3176385","volume":"10","author":"MA A\u011fca","year":"2022","unstructured":"A\u011fca MA, Faye S, Khadraoui D. A survey on trusted distributed artificial intelligence. IEEE Access. 2022;10:55308\u201337.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"4149_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.02.004","volume":"96","author":"RW Anwar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anwar RW, Zainal A, Outay F, Yasar A, Iqbal S. BTEM: Belief-based trust evaluation mechanism for wireless sensor networks. Futur Gener Comput Syst. 2019;96:605\u201316.","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"4149_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3919","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-022-00765-y","volume":"8","author":"A Khan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khan A, Ahmad A, Ahmed M, Sessa J, Anisetti M. Authorization schemes for the Internet of things: requirements, weaknesses, future challenges and trends. Complex & Intelligent Systems. 2022;8(5):3919\u201341.","journal-title":"Complex & Intelligent Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"4149_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3453155","volume":"54","author":"Y Luo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luo Y, Xiao Y, Cheng L, Peng G, Yao D. Deep learning-based anomaly detection in cyber-physical systems: progress and opportunities. ACM Comput Surv (CSUR). 2021;54(5):1\u201336.","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv (CSUR)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4149_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.30574\/wjarr.2023.18.3.1241","volume":"18","author":"M Otieno","year":"2023","unstructured":"Otieno M. An extensive survey of smart agriculture technologies: current security posture. World J Adv Res Rev. 2023;18(3):1207\u201331.","journal-title":"World J Adv Res Rev"},{"key":"4149_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Mohseni Ejiyeh, \"Real-time lightweight cloud-based access control for wearable IoT devices: a zero trust protocol.\" pp. 22\u201329.","DOI":"10.1145\/3628356.3630118"},{"issue":"2","key":"4149_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1109\/MIC.2017.37","volume":"21","author":"A Alrawais","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alrawais A, Alhothaily A, Hu C, Cheng X. Fog computing for the Internet of things: security and privacy issues. IEEE Internet Comput. 2017;21(2):34\u201342.","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Comput"},{"issue":"6","key":"4149_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3390\/fi15060200","volume":"15","author":"S Ismail","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ismail S, Dawoud DW, Reza H. Securing wireless sensor networks using machine learning and blockchain: a review. Future Internet. 2023;15(6):200.","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"issue":"8","key":"4149_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9031","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.2999566","volume":"69","author":"J Jiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang J, Zhu X, Han G, Guizani M, Shu L. A dynamic trust evaluation and update mechanism based on C4. 5 decision tree in underwater wireless sensor networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol. 2020;69(8):9031\u201340.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Veh Technol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4149_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-019-02129-w","volume":"26","author":"W Fang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fang W, Zhang W, Chen W, Liu Y, Tang C. TMSRS: trust management-based secure routing scheme in an industrial wireless sensor network with fog computing. Wireless Netw. 2020;26(5):3169\u201382.","journal-title":"Wireless Netw"},{"issue":"1","key":"4149_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5754322","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5754322","volume":"2021","author":"G Rathee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rathee G, Khelifi A, Iqbal R. Artificial intelligence-(AI-) enabled internet of things (IoT) for secure big data processing in multihoming networks. Wirel Commun Mob Comput. 2021;2021(1):5754322.","journal-title":"Wirel Commun Mob Comput"},{"key":"4149_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3157-6_2","volume-title":"Multi-criteria decision-making methods","author":"E Triantaphyllou","year":"2000","unstructured":"Triantaphyllou E, Triantaphyllou E. Multi-criteria decision-making methods. Springer; 2000."},{"key":"4149_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106789","volume":"97","author":"SO Ogundoyin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ogundoyin SO, Kamil IA. A Fuzzy-AHP based prioritization of trust criteria in fog computing services. Appl Soft Comput. 2020;97: 106789.","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"4149_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s13677-024-00606-y","volume":"13","author":"MZ Khan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khan MZ, Shoaib M, Husain MS, Ul Nisa K, Qasim MT. Enhanced mechanism to prioritize the cloud data privacy factors using AHP and TOPSIS: a hybrid approach. J Cloud Comput. 2024;13(1):42.","journal-title":"J Cloud Comput."},{"key":"4149_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Sirait, D. Y. Saragih, H. Sugara, M. Yunus, M. H. Ali, V. M. M. Siregar, I. Indrawan, U. Anwar, and D. Defliyanto, \"Selection of the best administrative staff using elimination et choix traduisant la realite (ELECTRE) method.\" p. 012068.","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1933\/1\/012068"},{"key":"4149_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2017.09.027","volume":"138","author":"H Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma H, Zhu H, Hu Z, Li K, Tang W. Time-aware trustworthiness ranking prediction for cloud services using interval neutrosophic set and ELECTRE. Knowl-Based Syst. 2017;138:27\u201345.","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"4149_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2023.06.014","volume":"209","author":"T Khan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khan T, Singh K, Shariq M, Ahmad K, Savita K, Ahmadian A, Salahshour S, Conti M. An efficient trust-based decision-making approach for WSNs: machine learning-oriented approach. Comput Commun. 2023;209:217\u201329.","journal-title":"Comput Commun"},{"issue":"16","key":"4149_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14285","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3243391","volume":"10","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Y, Zhou Y, Yang K, Wang X. Unsupervised deep learning for IoT time series. IEEE Internet Things J. 2023;10(16):14285\u2013306.","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"key":"4149_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Lai, W.-C. Chang, Y. Yang, and H. Liu, \"Modeling long-and short-term temporal patterns with deep neural networks.\" pp. 95\u2013104.","DOI":"10.1145\/3209978.3210006"},{"issue":"6","key":"4149_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3390\/fi15060199","volume":"15","author":"AA Musa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Musa AA, Hussaini A, Liao W, Liang F, Yu W. Deep neural networks for spatial-temporal cyber-physical systems: a survey. Future Internet. 2023;15(6):199.","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"issue":"16","key":"4149_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7737","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-022-06755-z","volume":"26","author":"F Ullah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ullah F, Salam A, Abrar M, Ahmad M, Ullah F, Khan A, Alharbi A, Alosaimi W. Machine health surveillance system by using deep learning sparse autoencoder. Soft Comput. 2022;26(16):7737\u201350.","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"4149_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3099028","volume":"9","author":"Y Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu Y, Wang J, Li J, Niu S, Song H. Machine learning for the detection and identification of Internet of Things devices: a survey. IEEE Internet Things J. 2021;9(1):298\u2013320.","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"issue":"2","key":"4149_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1111\/coin.12473","volume":"38","author":"HN Bhor","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bhor HN, Kalla M. TRUST-based features for detecting the intruders in the Internet of Things network using deep learning. Comput Intell. 2022;38(2):438\u201362.","journal-title":"Comput Intell"},{"key":"4149_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2751","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj-cs.2751","volume":"11","author":"RW Anwar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Anwar RW, et al. Federated learning with LSTM for intrusion detection in IoT-based wireless sensor networks: a multi-dataset analysis. PeerJ Comput Sci. 2025;11:e2751.","journal-title":"PeerJ Comput Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"4149_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2011.251","volume":"25","author":"O Kucuktunc","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kucuktunc O, Ferhatosmanoglu H. \u03bb-diverse nearest neighbors browsing for multidimensional data. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng. 2011;25(3):481\u201393.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"4149_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s10723-023-09699-2","volume":"21","author":"C Awasthi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Awasthi C, Mishra PK, Pal PK, Khan SB, Agarwal AK, Gadekallu TR, Malibari AA. Preservation of sensitive data using multi-level blockchain-based secured framework for edge network devices. J Grid Comput. 2023;21(4):69.","journal-title":"J Grid Comput"},{"key":"4149_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-024-01684-0","volume":"17","author":"CP Kaliappan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kaliappan CP, Palaniappan K, Ananthavadivel D, Subramanian U. Advancing IoT security: a comprehensive AI-based trust framework for intrusion detection. Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl. 2024;17:1\u201321.","journal-title":"Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl"},{"key":"4149_CR39","unstructured":"\"TON_IoT Datasets,\" N. Moustafa, ed., 2021, https:\/\/research.unsw.edu.au\/projects\/toniot-datasets. Accessed 30 Jun 2024."},{"key":"4149_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126169","volume":"249","author":"H Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu H, Ma X. Hybrid decision tree-based machine learning models for short-term water quality prediction. Chemosphere. 2020;249: 126169.","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"4149_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-019-2850-3","volume":"63","author":"W Niu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Niu W, Ha Y, Chi N. Support vector machine based machine learning method for GS 8QAM constellation classification in seamless integrated fiber and visible light communication system. SCIENCE CHINA Inf Sci. 2020;63:1\u201312.","journal-title":"SCIENCE CHINA Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4149_CR42","first-page":"739","volume":"16","author":"L Gnanaprasanambikai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gnanaprasanambikai L. K-means clustering-based Trust (KmeansT) evaluation mechanism for detecting Blackhole attacks in IoT environment. Int J Comput Digital Syst. 2024;16(1):739\u201351.","journal-title":"Int J Comput Digital Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"4149_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1109\/TSUSC.2018.2839623","volume":"4","author":"U Jayasinghe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jayasinghe U, Lee GM, Um T-W, Shi Q. Machine learning based trust computational model for IoT services. IEEE Trans Sustain Comput. 2018;4(1):39\u201352.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Sustain Comput"}],"container-title":["SN Computer Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42979-025-04149-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s42979-025-04149-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42979-025-04149-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T19:44:14Z","timestamp":1751312654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s42979-025-04149-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42979-025-04149-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2661-8907"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2661-8907","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Authors have no competing interests to declare in this work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"None.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research involving human and \/or animals"}},{"value":"This research did not involve human participants, personal data, or any procedures requiring informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"604"}}