{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:35:52Z","timestamp":1788964552108,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oper. Res. Forum"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s43069-025-00568-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T11:36:04Z","timestamp":1764761764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An Inventory Model Incorporating Interval-Valued Generalized Trapezoidal Bipolar Fuzzy Numbers in EOQ and JIT Frameworks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Rajeswari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Santhiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Digna","family":"Donbosco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Marimuthu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasir","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00dcmit","family":"Karab\u0131y\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-5273(99)00044-4","volume":"64","author":"MK Salameh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Salameh MK, Jaber MY (2000) Economic production quantity model for items with imperfect quality. Int J Prod Econ 64(1):59\u201364","journal-title":"Int J Prod Econ"},{"issue":"15","key":"568_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-5273(97)00130-8","volume":"54","author":"F Fazel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fazel F, Fischer KP, Gilbert EW (1998) JIT purchasing vs. EOQ with a price discount: an analytical comparison of inventory costs. Int J Prod Econ 54(15):101\u2013109","journal-title":"Int J Prod Econ"},{"key":"568_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.143630","volume":"476","author":"A Mondal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mondal A, Roy SK (2024) Fuzzy-stochastic distributional robust approach for microalgae-based bio-plastic supply chain with new sustainability aspects. J Clean Prod 476:143630","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s40815-021-01111-z","volume":"24","author":"S Rajeswari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rajeswari S, Sugapriya C, Nagarajan D, Kavikumar J (2022) Optimization in fuzzy economic order quantity model involving pentagonal fuzzy parameter. Int J Fuzzy Syst 24(1):44\u201356","journal-title":"Int J Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"11","key":"568_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8205","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22936","volume":"37","author":"H Garg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Garg H, Chandrasekar S, Srinivasan R, Deivanayagampillai N (2022) Optimization of the vendor\u2019s inventory model with multisupplier and multiretailer using fuzzy parameters. Int J Intell Syst 37(11):8205\u20138238","journal-title":"Int J Intell Syst"},{"key":"568_CR6","unstructured":"Johnson GH, Stice JD (1993) Not quite just in time inventories. Natl Public Account 38:26\u201326"},{"key":"568_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rico.2024.100482","volume":"17","author":"N Akhtar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Akhtar N, Islam S (2024) Linear fractional transportation problem in bipolar fuzzy environment. Results in Control and Optimization 17:100482","journal-title":"Results in Control and Optimization"},{"key":"568_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2005.10.036","volume":"176","author":"K Ertogral","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ertogral K, Darwish M, Ben-Daya M (2007) Production and shipment lot sizing in a vendor\u2013buyer supply chain with transportation cost. Eur J Oper Res 176:1592\u20131606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejor.2005.10.036","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"568_CR9","volume":"7","author":"R Pandey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pandey R, Goyal S (2018) Optimization of quantity discounts using JIT technique under alternate cost policies. Int J Sup Chain Manag 7(4):119","journal-title":"Int J Sup Chain Manag"},{"key":"568_CR10","unstructured":"Phogat S (2013) Introduction to JIT: a review. Int J Latest Res Sci Technol 2(6):97\u2013101"},{"key":"568_CR11","unstructured":"Pourasiabi H, Pourasiabi H (2012) Just In Time (JIT) production and supply chain management. In International Iron & Steel Symposium, pp 02\u201304"},{"key":"568_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shrivastava RK, Sridhar K (2015) Implementation aspects of just in time in Indian industries. Int J Eng Res Technol IJERT 4(5):1379\u20131387","DOI":"10.17577\/IJERTV4IS051183"},{"issue":"2","key":"568_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A35","DOI":"10.26552\/com.C.2022.2.A35-A43","volume":"24","author":"A Galkin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Galkin A, Levada V, Kyselov V, Hulchak O, Prunenko D, Voronko I (2022) Methods of comparison of the economic order quantity and just-in-time restocking technologies. The case study. Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 24(2):A35\u2013A43","journal-title":"Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina"},{"key":"568_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","volume":"8","author":"L Zadeh","year":"1965","unstructured":"Zadeh L (1965) Fuzzy sets. Inf Control 8:338\u2013353","journal-title":"Inf Control"},{"key":"568_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(97)00251-0","volume":"105","author":"JS Yau","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yau JS, Lee HM (1999) Fuzzy inventory with or without backorder for fuzzy order quantity with trapezoid fuzzy number. Fuzzy Sets and System 105:311\u2013337","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets and System"},{"key":"568_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rahmani A, Hosseinzadeh Lotfi F, Rostamy-Malkhalifeh M, Allahviranloo T (2016) A new method for defuzzification and ranking of fuzzy numbers based on the statistical beta distribution. Adv Fuzzy Syst 2016(1):6945184","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6945184"},{"key":"568_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40314-021-01600-9","volume":"40","author":"S Rajeswari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rajeswari S, Sugapriya C, Nagarajan D, Broumi S, Smarandache F (2021) Octagonal fuzzy neutrosophic number and its application to reusable container inventory model with container shrinkage. Comput Appl Math 40:308","journal-title":"Comput Appl Math"},{"key":"568_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-020-00229-1","volume":"7","author":"S Rajeswari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rajeswari S, Sugapriya C, Nagarajan D (2021) Fuzzy inventory model for NVOCC\u2019s returnable containers under empty container repositioning with leasing option. Complex Intell Syst 7:753\u2013764","journal-title":"Complex Intell Syst"},{"issue":"10","key":"568_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s12046-018-0920-0","volume":"43","author":"Ravi Shankar Kumar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ravi Shankar Kumar (2018) Modelling a type-2 fuzzy inventory system considering items with imperfect quality and shortage backlogging. Sadhana 43(10):163\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12046-018-0920-0","journal-title":"Sadhana"},{"key":"568_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3725","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-18379","volume":"36","author":"T Garai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Garai T, Chakraborty D, Roy TK (2019) Fully fuzzy inventory model with price-dependent demand and time varying holding cost under fuzzy decision variables. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 36:3725\u20133738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JIFS-18379","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"568_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMOR.2023.10058781","author":"B Roy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roy B, Bhattacharya K, De SK (2023) Solving an exploitation based Marxian fuzzy EOQ model. IJMOR. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/IJMOR.2023.10058781","journal-title":"IJMOR"},{"key":"568_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shaikh TS, Gite SP (2022) Fuzzy inventory model with variable production and selling price dependent demand under inflation for deteriorating items. Am J Oper Res. 12(6):233-49.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/ajor.2022.126013","DOI":"10.4236\/ajor.2022.126013"},{"issue":"13","key":"568_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2019.11.167","volume":"52","author":"Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Y (2019) Modeling multi-item inventory problem under type-2 fuzzy demand. IFAC-PapersOnLine 52(13):147\u2013152","journal-title":"IFAC-PapersOnLine"},{"key":"568_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fraope.2024.100164","volume":"8","author":"SK Giri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Giri SK, Garai T, Islam S (2024) Expected value of generalized trapezoidal bipolar fuzzy number to solve a multi-item marketing planning inventory model with allowable shortages. Franklin Open 8:100164","journal-title":"Franklin Open"},{"key":"568_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jeevaraj S (n.d.) Ranking of trapezoidal bipolar fuzzy numbers based on a new improved score function. Fuzzy Systems and Data Mining VII. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/FAIA210174","DOI":"10.3233\/FAIA210174"},{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR26","first-page":"251","volume":"10","author":"S Swethaa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Swethaa S, Felix A (2021) Various defuzzification methods for trapezoidal dense fuzzy sets. Advances in Mathematics: Scientific Journal 10(1):251\u2013258","journal-title":"Advances in Mathematics: Scientific Journal"},{"issue":"11","key":"568_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e31416","volume":"10","author":"FA Ezhilarasan Natarajan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ezhilarasan Natarajan FA (2024) A bipolar fuzzy decision-making system for assessing high-risk coexisting tuberculosis disease in pregnant women. Heliyon 10(11):e31416","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"568_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rico.2023.100248","volume":"12","author":"E Natarajan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Natarajan E, Augustin F, Kaabar MK, Kenneth CR, Yenoke K (2023) Various defuzzification and ranking techniques for the heptagonal fuzzy number to prioritize the vulnerable countries of stroke disease. Results in Control and Optimization 12:100248","journal-title":"Results in Control and Optimization"},{"issue":"10","key":"568_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5530","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22522","volume":"36","author":"SK De","year":"2021","unstructured":"De SK, Bhattacharya K, Roy B (2021) Solution of a pollution sensitive supply chain model under fuzzy approximate reasoning. Int J Intell Syst 36(10):5530\u20135572","journal-title":"Int J Intell Syst"},{"key":"568_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2021.107666","volume":"235","author":"SK De","year":"2022","unstructured":"De SK, Roy B, Bhattacharya K (2022) Solving an EPQ model with doubt fuzzy set: a robust intelligent decision-making approach. Knowl-Based Syst 235:107666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knosys.2021.107666","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"568_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23302674.2022.2134751","author":"B Roy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roy B, De SK, Bhattacharya K (2023) Decision making in two-layer supply chain with doubt fuzzy set. International Journal of Systems Science: Operations & Logistics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23302674.2022.2134751","journal-title":"International Journal of Systems Science: Operations & Logistics"},{"issue":"4","key":"568_CR32","first-page":"333","volume":"19","author":"B Roy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Roy B, De SK, Rajput N, Bartwal A (2024) A carbon sensitive transport-based deteriorating supply chain model under type-2 fuzzy bi-matrix game. Int J Manag Sci Eng Manag 19(4):333\u2013349","journal-title":"Int J Manag Sci Eng Manag"},{"issue":"4","key":"568_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.3934\/jimo.2020052","volume":"17","author":"H Barman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barman H, Pervin M, Roy SK, Weber G-W (2021) Back-ordered inventory model with inflation in a cloudy-fuzzy environment. J Ind Manag Optim 17(4):1913\u20131941","journal-title":"J Ind Manag Optim"},{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR34","volume":"10","author":"H Barman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barman H, Pervin M, Roy SK, Weber G-W (2023) Analysis of a dual-channel green supply chain game-theoretical model under carbon policy. Int J Syst Sci Oper Logist 10(1):2242770","journal-title":"Int J Syst Sci Oper Logist"},{"key":"568_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2024.108133","volume":"133","author":"A Mondal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mondal A, Giri BK, Roy SK, Deveci M, Pamucar D (2024) Sustainable-resilient-responsive supply chain with demand prediction: an interval type-2 robust programming approach. Eng Appl Artif Intell 133:108133","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"issue":"17","key":"568_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/math9172093","volume":"9","author":"SS Ali","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ali SS, Barman H, Kaur R, Tomaskova H, Roy SK (2021) Multi-product multi-echelon measurements of perishable supply chain: fuzzy non-linear programming approach. Mathematics 9(17):2093","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"568_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.123889","volume":"250","author":"S Bhunia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bhunia S, Das SK, Jablonsky J, Roy SK (2024) Evaluating carbon cap and trade policy effects on a multi-period bi-objective closed-loop supply chain in retail management under mixed uncertainty: towards a greener horizon. Expert Syst Appl 250:123889","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"568_CR38","unstructured":"Routray SS, Paikray SK, Mishra S, Misra UK (2017) Fuzzy inventory model with single item under time dependent demand and holding cost. Int J Adv Res Sci Eng 6:1604\u20131618"},{"issue":"10","key":"568_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.31695\/IJERAT.2020.3661","volume":"6","author":"IS Jakfat Haekal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jakfat Haekal IS (2020) Comparative analysis of raw materials control using JIT and EOQ method for cost efficiency of raw material supply in automotive components company Bekasi, Indonesia. International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology (IJERAT) 6(10):76\u201382","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology (IJERAT)"}],"container-title":["Operations Research Forum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43069-025-00568-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43069-025-00568-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43069-025-00568-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T11:29:19Z","timestamp":1768390159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43069-025-00568-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43069-025-00568-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2662-2556"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2662-2556","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}],"article-number":"176"}}