{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T01:09:15Z","timestamp":1762477755834,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762473600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Manipal University Jaipur"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Internet Things"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s43926-025-00230-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:18:32Z","timestamp":1762474712000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["HCCIE: hexaflake fractals, chaotic maps, and cellular automata based image encryption technique for IoT"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ravinder","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umashankar","family":"Rawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satyabrata","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dhruv Pradeep","family":"Chhajed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"230_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12584","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2893760","volume":"7","author":"W Feng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Feng W, He Y, Li H, Li C. Cryptanalysis and improvement of the image encryption scheme based on 2d logistic-adjusted-sine map. IEEE Access. 2019;7:12584\u201397.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"230_CR2","first-page":"1","volume":"2021","author":"M Kaur","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaur M, Singh S, Kaur M. Computational image encryption techniques: a comprehensive review. Math Probl Eng. 2021;2021:1\u201317.","journal-title":"Math Probl Eng"},{"key":"230_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priyanka Singh AK. A survey of image encryption for healthcare applications. Evolutionary Intelligence. 2023;16(3):801\u201318.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12065-021-00683-x"},{"key":"230_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Veena G, Ramakrishna M. A survey on image encryption using chaos-based techniques. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications 2021;12(1)","DOI":"10.14569\/IJACSA.2021.0120145"},{"key":"230_CR5","volume":"61","author":"S Roy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roy S, Shrivastava M, Rawat U, Pandey CV, Nayak SK. Iesca: an efficient image encryption scheme using 2-d cellular automata. J Inform Sec Appl. 2021;61:102919.","journal-title":"J Inform Sec Appl"},{"issue":"21","key":"230_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31529","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-020-09880-9","volume":"80","author":"S Roy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roy S, Shrivastava M, Pandey CV, Nayak SK, Rawat U. Ievca: an efficient image encryption technique for iot applications using 2-d von-neumann cellular automata. Multimedia Tools Appl. 2021;80(21):31529\u201367.","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl"},{"key":"230_CR7","first-page":"117","volume":"45","author":"B Mondal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mondal B, Singh S, Kumar P. A secure image encryption scheme based on cellular automata and chaotic skew tent map. J inform Sec Appl. 2019;45:117\u201330.","journal-title":"J inform Sec Appl"},{"key":"230_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlastec.2020.106501","volume":"132","author":"X Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang X, Guan N. Chaotic image encryption algorithm based on block theory and reversible mixed cellular automata. Optics Laser Technol. 2020;132:106501.","journal-title":"Optics Laser Technol"},{"issue":"10","key":"230_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12233","DOI":"10.1007\/s11071-024-10671-2","volume":"113","author":"B Long","year":"2025","unstructured":"Long B, Chen Z, Liu T, Wu X, He C, Wang L, et al. Improved fractal coding and hyperchaotic system for lossless image compression and encryption. Nonlinear Dyn. 2025;113(10):12233\u201362.","journal-title":"Nonlinear Dyn"},{"key":"230_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thalaimalaichamy M, Radhakrishnan S, Baskaran S, Saravanan S, Rajendran V. Chaos in fractals on fpga\u2013privacy preservation for a secure iot node. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2024;1\u201319.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-024-19217-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"230_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1080\/0161-118991863745","volume":"13","author":"R Matthews","year":"1989","unstructured":"Matthews R. On the derivation of a \u201cchaotic\u2019\u2019 encryption algorithm. Cryptologia. 1989;13(1):29\u201342.","journal-title":"Cryptologia"},{"key":"230_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2018.01.026","volume":"147","author":"R Lan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lan R, He J, Wang S, Gu T, Luo X. Integrated chaotic systems for image encryption. Signal Process. 2018;147:133\u201345.","journal-title":"Signal Process"},{"key":"230_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14867","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-018-6827-2","volume":"78","author":"F Musanna","year":"2019","unstructured":"Musanna F, Kumar S. A novel fractional order chaos-based image encryption using fisher yates algorithm and 3-d cat map. Multimedia Tools Appl. 2019;78:14867\u201395.","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl"},{"key":"230_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1007\/s11071-017-3601-3","volume":"89","author":"W Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu W, Sun K, He S. Sf-simm high-dimensional hyperchaotic map and its performance analysis. Nonlinear Dyn. 2017;89:2521\u201332.","journal-title":"Nonlinear Dyn"},{"issue":"1","key":"230_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2009.375","volume":"29","author":"JG McNally","year":"2010","unstructured":"McNally JG, Mazza D. Fractal geometry in the nucleus. EMBO J. 2010;29(1):2\u20133.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"230_CR16","first-page":"429","volume-title":"Adv Cryptol","author":"S Wolfram","year":"1986","unstructured":"Wolfram S. Cryptography with cellular automata. In: Williams HC, editor. Adv Cryptol. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 1986. p. 429\u201332."},{"issue":"14","key":"230_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21727","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-021-10750-1","volume":"80","author":"A Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumar A, Raghava N. An efficient image encryption scheme using elementary cellular automata with novel permutation box. Multimedia Tools Appl. 2021;80(14):21727\u201350.","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl"},{"issue":"8","key":"230_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10530","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2024.3395631","volume":"20","author":"M Alawida","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alawida M. A novel image encryption algorithm based on cyclic chaotic map in industrial iot environments. IEEE Trans Industr Inf. 2024;20(8):10530\u201341.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Industr Inf"},{"key":"230_CR19","unstructured":"Rao BVB, Rawat U, Roy S, Lal C. Sorchic: A hybrid image cipher for iot applications using second order reversible cellular automata. IEEE Access 2024;."},{"key":"230_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2017.09.068","volume":"275","author":"Y Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhou Q, Lin Z. Image encryption using partitioned cellular automata. Neurocomputing. 2018;275:1318\u201332.","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"230_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Damak D, Alexan W, Mamdouh E, El-Aasser M, Fathy A, Gabr M. Fibonacci q-matrix, hyperchaos, and galois field (2 8) for augmented medical image encryption. IEEE Access 2024;.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3433499"},{"key":"230_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2018.04.018","volume":"150","author":"P Ping","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ping P, Wu J, Mao Y, Xu F, Fan J. Design of image cipher using life-like cellular automata and chaotic map. Signal Process. 2018;150:233\u201347.","journal-title":"Signal Process"},{"issue":"4","key":"230_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/JPHOT.2018.2858823","volume":"10","author":"X Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang X, Zhou Z, Niu Y. An image encryption method based on the feistel network and dynamic dna encoding. IEEE Photonics J. 2018;10(4):1\u201314.","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics J"},{"key":"230_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167904","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2952140","volume":"7","author":"J Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu J, Li P, Yang F, Yan H. High intensity image encryption scheme based on quantum logistic chaotic map and complex hyperchaotic system. IEEE Access. 2019;7:167904\u201318.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"230_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2019.02.016","volume":"160","author":"M Alawida","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alawida M, Samsudin A, Teh JS, Alkhawaldeh RS. A new hybrid digital chaotic system with applications in image encryption. Signal Process. 2019;160:45\u201358.","journal-title":"Signal Process"},{"key":"230_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2019.04.011","volume":"121","author":"Q Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu Q, Sun K, Cao C, Zhu C. A fast image encryption algorithm based on compressive sensing and hyperchaotic map. Opt Lasers Eng. 2019;121:203\u201314.","journal-title":"Opt Lasers Eng"},{"key":"230_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moysis L, Lawnik M, Alexan W, Goudos SK, Baptista MS, Fragulis GF. Exploiting circular shifts for efficient chaotic image encryption. IEEE Access 2025;.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3572589"},{"issue":"5","key":"230_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-024-04919-0","volume":"28","author":"W Alexan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alexan W, Hosny K, Gabr M. A new fast multiple color image encryption algorithm. Clust Comput. 2025;28(5):1\u201334.","journal-title":"Clust Comput"},{"key":"230_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2019.105816","volume":"124","author":"S-S Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu S-S, Zhou N-R, Gong L-H, Nie Z. Optical image encryption algorithm based on phase-truncated short-time fractional fourier transform and hyper-chaotic system. Opt Lasers Eng. 2020;124:105816.","journal-title":"Opt Lasers Eng"},{"issue":"6","key":"230_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3253","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1570434","volume":"113","author":"C Capus","year":"2003","unstructured":"Capus C, Brown K. Short-time fractional fourier methods for the time-frequency representation of chirp signals. J Acoust Soc Am. 2003;113(6):3253\u201363.","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"230_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2005.09.039","volume":"364","author":"A Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen A, Lu J, L\u00fc J, Yu S. Generating hyperchaotic l\u00fc attractor via state feedback control. Physica A. 2006;364:103\u201310.","journal-title":"Physica A"},{"key":"230_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2019.105836","volume":"124","author":"Y Luo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Luo Y, Tang S, Liu J, Cao L, Qiu S. Image encryption scheme by combining the hyper-chaotic system with quantum coding. Opt Lasers Eng. 2020;124:105836.","journal-title":"Opt Lasers Eng"},{"issue":"14","key":"230_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2014.12.028","volume":"39","author":"X Gao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gao X, Hu H. Adaptive-impulsive synchronization and parameters estimation of chaotic systems with unknown parameters by using discontinuous drive signals. Appl Math Model. 2015;39(14):3980\u20139.","journal-title":"Appl Math Model"},{"key":"230_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2019.164000","volume":"203","author":"A Babaei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Babaei A, Motameni H, Enayatifar R. A new permutation-diffusion-based image encryption technique using cellular automata and dna sequence. Optik. 2020;203:164000.","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"230_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.02.008","volume":"520","author":"A Mansouri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mansouri A, Wang X. A novel one-dimensional sine powered chaotic map and its application in a new image encryption scheme. Inf Sci. 2020;520:46\u201362.","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"230_CR36","volume":"50","author":"K Jithin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jithin K, Sankar S. Colour image encryption algorithm combining arnold map, dna sequence operation, and a mandelbrot set. J Inform Sec Appl. 2020;50:102428.","journal-title":"J Inform Sec Appl"},{"key":"230_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roy S, Rawat U, Sareen HA, Nayak SK. IECA: an efficient IoT friendly image encryption technique using programmable cellular automata. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 2020;1\u201320","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-020-01813-6"},{"key":"230_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.image.2020.115829","volume":"84","author":"H Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang H, Wang X-Q, Sun Y-J, Wang X-Y. A novel method for lossless image compression and encryption based on lwt, spiht and cellular automata. Signal Process Image Commun. 2020;84:115829.","journal-title":"Signal Process Image Commun"},{"key":"230_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2021.167779","volume":"246","author":"M Shariatzadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shariatzadeh M, Rostami MJ, Eftekhari M. Proposing a novel dynamic aes for image encryption using a chaotic map key management approach. Optik. 2021;246:167779.","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"230_CR40","volume":"58","author":"R Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang R, Deng G-Q, Duan X-F. An image encryption scheme based on double chaotic cyclic shift and Josephus problem. J Inform Sec Appl. 2021;58:102699.","journal-title":"J Inform Sec Appl"},{"key":"230_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24737","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-021-10847-7","volume":"80","author":"K Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma K, Teng L, Wang X, Meng J. Color image encryption scheme based on the combination of the fisher-yates scrambling algorithm and chaos theory. Multimedia Tools Appl. 2021;80:24737\u201357.","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl"},{"issue":"07","key":"230_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218127499001024","volume":"9","author":"G Chen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chen G, Ueta T. Yet another chaotic attractor. Int J Bifurc Chaos. 1999;9(07):1465\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Bifurc Chaos"},{"key":"230_CR43","unstructured":"Wang X, Su Y, Liu L, Zhang H, Di S. Color image encryption algorithm based on fisher-yates scrambling and dna subsequence operation. The Visual Computer, 2023;1\u201316"},{"issue":"6","key":"230_CR44","first-page":"155","volume":"20","author":"P Patro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Patro P, Kumar K, Kumar GS, Sahu AK. Intelligent data classification using optimized fuzzy neural network and improved cuckoo search optimization. Iran J Fuzzy Syst. 2023;20(6):155\u201369.","journal-title":"Iran J Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"6","key":"230_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksuci.2020.06.003","volume":"34","author":"P Patro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Patro P, Kumar K, Kumar GS, Swain G. Similarity and wavelet transform based data partitioning and parameter learning for fuzzy neural network. J King Saud Univ Comput Inform Sci. 2022;34(6):3424\u201332.","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ Comput Inform Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"230_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s10044-022-01104-0","volume":"26","author":"AK Sahu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sahu AK, Sahu M, Patro P, Sahu G, Nayak SR. Dual image-based reversible fragile watermarking scheme for tamper detection and localization. Pattern Anal Appl. 2023;26(2):571\u201390.","journal-title":"Pattern Anal Appl"},{"issue":"6","key":"230_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.18280\/ijsse.140621","volume":"14","author":"AR Gottimukkala","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gottimukkala AR, Pradhan A, Patro P, Hemalata J, Senapati RK, Swain G. Image tamper detection and correction using modified hamming code with eight data bits and four redundant bits. Int J Saf Sec Eng. 2024;14(6):1871\u201381.","journal-title":"Int J Saf Sec Eng"},{"key":"230_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2022.111994","volume":"158","author":"K Kumar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kumar K, Roy S, Rawat U, Malhotra S. Iehc: an efficient image encryption technique using hybrid chaotic map. Chaos Solitons Fractals. 2022;158:111994.","journal-title":"Chaos Solitons Fractals"},{"key":"230_CR49","volume":"69","author":"D Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu D, Tong X, Wang Z, Zhang M. A novel lightweight block encryption algorithm based on combined chaotic system. J Inform Sec Appl. 2022;69:103289.","journal-title":"J Inform Sec Appl"},{"key":"230_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116167","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3218062","volume":"10","author":"A Haque","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haque A, Abdulhussein TA, Ahmad M, Falah MW, Abd El-Latif AA. A strong hybrid s-box scheme based on chaos, 2d cellular automata and algebraic structure. IEEE Access. 2022;10:116167\u201381.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"230_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2022.108489","volume":"195","author":"L Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu L, Jiang D, Ni J, Wang X, Rong X, Ahmad M, et al. A stable meaningful image encryption scheme using the newly-designed 2d discrete fractional-order chaotic map and bayesian compressive sensing. Signal Process. 2022;195:108489.","journal-title":"Signal Process"},{"key":"230_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2022.168880","volume":"260","author":"MA Lone","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lone MA, Qureshi S. Rgb image encryption based on symmetric keys using arnold transform, 3d chaotic map and affine hill cipher. Optik. 2022;260:168880.","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"230_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2022.06.011","volume":"607","author":"L Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu L, Jiang D, Ni J, Wang X, Rong X, Ahmad M. A visually secure image encryption scheme using adaptive-thresholding sparsification compression sensing model and newly-designed memristive chaotic map. Inf Sci. 2022;607:1001\u201322.","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"230_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-92065-x","volume":"15","author":"W Alexan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alexan W, Youssef M, Hussein HH, Ahmed KK, Hosny KM, Fathy A, et al. A new multiple image encryption algorithm using hyperchaotic systems, svd, and modified rc5. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):9775.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"230_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54928","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3282160","volume":"11","author":"W Alexan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alexan W, Gabr M, Mamdouh E, Elias R, Aboshousha A. Color image cryptosystem based on sine chaotic map, 4d chen hyperchaotic map of fractional-order and hybrid dna coding. Ieee Access. 2023;11:54928\u201356.","journal-title":"Ieee Access"},{"key":"230_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2022.01.031","volume":"593","author":"Y Dong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dong Y, Zhao G, Ma Y, Pan Z, Wu R. A novel image encryption scheme based on pseudo-random coupled map lattices with hybrid elementary cellular automata. Inf Sci. 2022;593:121\u201354.","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"230_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2022.170316","volume":"272","author":"S Benaissi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Benaissi S, Chikouche N, Hamza R. A novel image encryption algorithm based on hybrid chaotic maps using a key image. Optik. 2023;272:170316.","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"230_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2023.104153","volume":"141","author":"G Xiong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiong G, Cai Z, Zhao S. A bit-plane encryption algorithm for rgb image based on modulo negabinary code and chaotic system. Digital Signal Process. 2023;141:104153.","journal-title":"Digital Signal Process"},{"key":"230_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2023.171181","volume":"288","author":"S Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu S, Ye G. Asymmetric image encryption algorithm using a new chaotic map and an improved radial diffusion. Optik. 2023;288:171181.","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"230_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jisa.2023.103592","volume":"78","author":"Q Sheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sheng Q, Fu C, Lin Z, Tie M, Chen J, Sham C-W. A one-time-pad-like chaotic image encryption scheme using data steganography. Journal of Information Security and Applications. 2023;78:103592.","journal-title":"Journal of Information Security and Applications"},{"key":"230_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2023.114396","volume":"179","author":"AY Darani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Darani AY, Yengejeh YK, Pakmanesh H, Navarro G. Image encryption algorithm based on a new 3d chaotic system using cellular automata. Chaos Solitons Fract. 2024;179:114396.","journal-title":"Chaos Solitons Fract"},{"key":"230_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu A, Gong X, Guo L. Joint optimization\u2013encryption model based on auto encoder neural network, variable-length dynamic s-box and new stream encryption. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 2022;32(14)","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218127422502327"},{"issue":"3","key":"230_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02252875","volume":"1","author":"J Boyar","year":"1989","unstructured":"Boyar J. Inferring sequences produced by a linear congruential generator missing low-order bits. J Cryptol. 1989;1(3):177\u201384.","journal-title":"J Cryptol"},{"key":"230_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choudhury SM, Matin M (2012) Effect of fss ground plane on second iteration of hexaflake fractal patch antenna. In: 2012 7th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 694\u2013697. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECE.2012.6471645"},{"issue":"12","key":"230_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2012.06.002","volume":"50","author":"J Jin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jin J. An image encryption based on elementary cellular automata. Opt Lasers Eng. 2012;50(12):1836\u201343.","journal-title":"Opt Lasers Eng"},{"key":"230_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76191","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3072075","volume":"9","author":"P Parida","year":"2021","unstructured":"Parida P, Pradhan C, Gao X-Z, Roy DS, Barik RK. Image encryption and authentication with elliptic curve cryptography and multidimensional chaotic maps. IEEE Access. 2021;9:76191\u2013204.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"11","key":"230_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1850132","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218127418501328","volume":"28","author":"M Kaur","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaur M, Kumar V. Beta chaotic map based image encryption using genetic algorithm. Int J Bifurc Chaos. 2018;28(11):1850132.","journal-title":"Int J Bifurc Chaos"},{"key":"230_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2022.06.007","volume":"87","author":"N Abbassi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abbassi N, Gafsi M, Amdouni R, Hajjaji MA, Mtibaa A. Hardware implementation of a robust image cryptosystem using reversible cellular-automata rules and 3-d chaotic systems. Integration. 2022;87:49\u201366.","journal-title":"Integration"},{"key":"230_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.124413","volume":"254","author":"F-Q Meng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Meng F-Q, Wu G. A color image encryption and decryption scheme based on extended dna coding and fractional-order 5d hyper-chaotic system. Expert Syst Appl. 2024;254:124413.","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"230_CR70","volume":"81","author":"J He","year":"2024","unstructured":"He J, Zhu H, Zhou X. Quantum image encryption algorithm via optimized quantum circuit and parity bit-plane permutation. J inform Sec Appl. 2024;81:103698.","journal-title":"J inform Sec Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"230_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s11071-017-3698-4","volume":"90","author":"X Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu X, Wang K, Wang X, Kan H. Lossless chaotic color image cryptosystem based on dna encryption and entropy. Nonlinear Dyn. 2017;90(2):855\u201375.","journal-title":"Nonlinear Dyn"},{"key":"230_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2023.114306","volume":"177","author":"L \u00c1valos-Ru\u00edz","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u00c1valos-Ru\u00edz L, Z\u00fa\u00f1iga-Aguilar C, G\u00f3mez-Aguilar J, Cortes-Campos H, Lav\u00edn-Delgado J. A rgb image encryption technique using chaotic maps of fractional variable-order based on dna encoding. Chaos Solitons Fractals. 2023;177:114306.","journal-title":"Chaos Solitons Fractals"},{"key":"230_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.123583","volume":"249","author":"F Toktas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Toktas F, Erkan U, Yetgin Z. Cross-channel color image encryption through 2d hyperchaotic hybrid map of optimization test functions. Expert Syst Appl. 2024;249:123583.","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"230_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eij.2024.100449","volume":"25","author":"M Es-sabry","year":"2024","unstructured":"Es-sabry M, Akkad N, Khrissi L, Satori K, El-Shafai W, Altameem T, et al. An efficient 32-bit color image encryption technique using multiple chaotic maps and advanced ciphers. Egypt Inform J. 2024;25:100449.","journal-title":"Egypt Inform J"},{"key":"230_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2024.102138","volume":"96","author":"C Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang C, Chong Z, Zhang H, Ma P, Dong W. Color image encryption based on discrete memristor logistic map and dna encoding. Integration. 2024;96:102138.","journal-title":"Integration"},{"key":"230_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2024.120332","volume":"665","author":"H Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang H, Hu H, Ding W. Vsdhs-ciea: color image encryption algorithm based on novel variable-structure discrete hyperchaotic system and cross-plane confusion strategy. Inf Sci. 2024;665:120332.","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"230_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6191","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-018-6326-5","volume":"78","author":"X Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang X, Qin X, Liu C. Color image encryption algorithm based on customized globally coupled map lattices. Multimedia Tools Appl. 2019;78(5):6191\u2013209.","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl"},{"key":"230_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2020.106040","volume":"128","author":"Y-Q Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Y-Q, He Y, Li P, Wang X-Y. A new color image encryption scheme based on 2dnlcml system and genetic operations. Opt Lasers Eng. 2020;128:106040.","journal-title":"Opt Lasers Eng"},{"key":"230_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nayak P, Nayak SK, Das S. A secure and efficient color image encryption scheme based on two chaotic systems and advanced encryption standard. In: 2018 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI), 2018;pp. 412\u2013418. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCI.2018.8554728"},{"key":"230_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamza R, Yan Z, Muhammad K, Bellavista P, Titouna F. A privacy-preserving cryptosystem for iot e-healthcare. Information Sciences 2019;.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.01.070"},{"issue":"1","key":"230_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2011.08.079","volume":"285","author":"C Zhu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhu C. A novel image encryption scheme based on improved hyperchaotic sequences. Opt Commun. 2012;285(1):29\u201337.","journal-title":"Opt Commun"},{"key":"230_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Som S, Kotal A, Mitra A, Palit S, Chaudhuri B. A chaos based partial image encryption scheme. In: 2014 2nd International Conference on Business and Information Management (ICBIM), 2014;pp. 58\u201363. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ICBIM.2014.6970933"},{"issue":"2","key":"230_CR83","first-page":"31","volume":"1","author":"Y Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu Y, Noonan JP, Agaian S, et al. Npcr and uaci randomness tests for image encryption. Cyber journals: multidisciplinary journals in science and technology, Journal of Selected Areas in Telecommunications (JSAT). 2011;1(2):31\u20138.","journal-title":"Cyber journals: multidisciplinary journals in science and technology, Journal of Selected Areas in Telecommunications (JSAT)"},{"key":"230_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2025.172302","volume":"327","author":"T Qayyum","year":"2025","unstructured":"Qayyum T, Shah T. Hybrid image encryption algorithm based on galois fields and chaotic structures. Optik. 2025;327:172302.","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"230_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eij.2024.100487","volume":"27","author":"MA Elmenyawi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Elmenyawi MA, Aziem NMA, Bahaa-Eldin AM. Efficient and secure color image encryption system with enhanced speed and robustness based on binary tree. Egypt Inform J. 2024;27:100487.","journal-title":"Egypt Inform J"},{"issue":"4","key":"230_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.819861","volume":"13","author":"Z Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang Z, Bovik AC, Sheikh HR, Simoncelli EP. Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Trans Image Process. 2004;13(4):600\u201312.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"}],"container-title":["Discover Internet of Things"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43926-025-00230-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43926-025-00230-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43926-025-00230-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T01:03:19Z","timestamp":1762477399000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43926-025-00230-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["230"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43926-025-00230-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-7239"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2730-7239"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"126"}}