{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:36:13Z","timestamp":1772120173075,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Artif Intell"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Technological advancements have significantly progressed from the inception of computers and the internet to the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), profoundly impacting various sectors such as business, education, and healthcare. Among these advancements, ChatGPT has emerged as a prominent conversational AI tool, facilitating tasks such as sentiment prediction and sector-specific decision-making. This study aims to evaluate ChatGPT's performance in analyzing public sentiment using data from X (formerly Twitter) and to propose an ethical framework for its sector-specific applications. By combining the BERT transformer model with BiLSTM, Random Forest, and K-Nearest Neighbor algorithms, the study achieves a hybrid approach to sentiment prediction, demonstrating superior performance with an accuracy of 86.7%. Furthermore, the study explores ethical considerations, such as fairness, accountability, and transparency, to address ChatGPT's adoption across industries. The findings offer insights into both the technical and ethical dimensions of ChatGPT\u2019s integration into business, education, and healthcare sectors, emphasizing its potential for sustainable and responsible use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s44163-024-00218-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T13:26:35Z","timestamp":1734528395000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The future of artificial intelligence: evaluating ChatGPT's performance in X sentiment prediction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Laila","family":"Malas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Shawaqfeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Abushakra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"218_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6nberger M. ChatGPT in higher education: the good, the bad, and the university. Editorial Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia. 2023; 331\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4995\/HEAd23.2023.16174","DOI":"10.4995\/HEAd23.2023.16174"},{"key":"218_CR2","unstructured":"Kuzub A. Should you be using ChatGPT? Experts say \u2018yes,\u2019 but don\u2019t confuse it with a friend. Northeastern Global News. 2023, May 16. https:\/\/news.northeastern.edu\/2023\/05\/16\/using-chat-gpt\/."},{"key":"218_CR3","unstructured":"VettaFi, LLC. (n.d.). VettaFi. VettaFi. https:\/\/insights.roboglobal.com\/chatgpt-fact-from-fiction-expert-insights-%20vs.-public-opinion."},{"key":"218_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhan X, Xu Y, Sarkadi S. Deceptive AI ecosystems: The case of ChatGPT. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Conversational User Interfaces, 35, 1\u20136. Presented at the CUI \u201923: ACM conference on Conversational User Interfaces, Eindhoven Netherlands. 2023, July 19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3571884.3603754.","DOI":"10.1145\/3571884.3603754"},{"issue":"2","key":"218_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.3390\/ai4020019","volume":"4","author":"P Rivas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rivas P, Zhao L. Marketing with ChatGPT: navigating the ethical terrain of GPT-based chatbot technology. AI. 2023;4(2):375\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ai4020019.","journal-title":"AI"},{"key":"218_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alieksieiev M, Kurenkov V. The present and the future of artificial intelligence. In Collection of Scientific Papers \u00ab\u039b\u038c\u0413O\u03a3\u00bb. 2024; 231\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36074\/logos-24.05.2024.050.","DOI":"10.36074\/logos-24.05.2024.050"},{"issue":"11","key":"218_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.55041\/ijsrem27039","volume":"07","author":"V Geetha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Geetha V, Gomathy CK, Teja RS, Aniketh V. The future of AI: transforming tomorrow. Int J Sci Res Eng Manag. 2023;07(11):1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55041\/ijsrem27039.","journal-title":"Int J Sci Res Eng Manag"},{"issue":"2","key":"218_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.30696\/jac.xvii.2.2023.294-300","volume":"17","author":"P Chouhan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chouhan P, Paliwal M, Gupta T. Integration of natural language processing with artificial intelligence: a review paper. J Anal Comput. 2023;17(2):294\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30696\/jac.xvii.2.2023.294-300.","journal-title":"J Anal Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"218_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0301702","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0301702","volume":"19","author":"K-C Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li K-C, Bu Z-J, Shahjalal M, He B-X, Zhuang Z-F, Li C, Liu Z-L. Performance of ChatGPT on Chinese master\u2019s degree entrance examination in Clinical Medicine. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(4):e0301702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0301702.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"218_CR10","unstructured":"Wu Y, Si S, Zhang Y, Gu J, Wosik J. Evaluating the performance of chatgpt for spam email detection. arXiv preprint. 2024. arXiv:2402.15537."},{"key":"218_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma S, Aggarwal R, Kumar M. Mining Twitter for Insights into ChatGPT Sentiment: A Machine Learning Approach. In 2023 International Conference on Distributed Computing and Electrical Circuits and Electronics (ICDCECE). 2023, April; 1\u20136. IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCECE57866.2023.10150620"},{"issue":"2","key":"218_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1080\/07317131.2024.2319972","volume":"41","author":"M Esh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Esh M. Sentiment analysis in ChatGpt interactions: unraveling emotional dynamics, model evaluation, and user engagement insights. Tech Serv Q. 2024;41(2):160\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07317131.2024.2319972.","journal-title":"Tech Serv Q"},{"key":"218_CR13","unstructured":"Tariq M. (2AD), \u201cChatGPT Twitter Dataset\u201d, Kaggle, Data set, Kaggle."},{"key":"218_CR14","unstructured":"OECD. OECD updates AI Principles to stay abreast of rapid technological developments. OECD. 2024, May 3. https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/en\/about\/news\/press-releases\/2024\/05\/oecd-updates-ai-principles-to-stay-abreast-of-rapid-technological-developments.html."}],"container-title":["Discover Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00218-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00218-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00218-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T14:05:07Z","timestamp":1734530707000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00218-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00218-0","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-5180421\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2731-0809"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-0809","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We declare that all experiments and procedures conducted in this research adhere to the ethical standards outlined by Princess Sumaya University for Technology. Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study, and their anonymity and confidentiality were strictly maintained.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"105"}}