{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T07:25:49Z","timestamp":1772781949599,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Artif Intell"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s44163-024-00219-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T17:43:17Z","timestamp":1736185397000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["AI Algorithms as (un)virtuous knowers"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Hans","family":"Van Eyghen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"219_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-39991-6_4","volume-title":"Connected and Automated vehicles: integrating engineering and ethics","author":"S Arfini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arfini S, Bellani P, Picardi A, Yan M, Fossa F, Caruso G. Design for inclusivity in driving automation: theoretical and practical challenges to human-machine interactions and interface design. In: Fossa F, Cheli F, editors. Connected and Automated vehicles: integrating engineering and ethics. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland; 2023. p. 63\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-39991-6_4."},{"key":"219_CR2","unstructured":"Baehr J. Virtue epistemology. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2013. https:\/\/www.iep.utm.edu\/virtueep\/."},{"key":"219_CR3","unstructured":"Bargh JA. The cognitive monster: the case against the controllability of automatic stereotype effects. 1999."},{"key":"219_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.4324\/9781351199797-16","volume-title":"Creativity and philosophy","author":"M Beaney","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beaney M. Conceptual creativity in philosophy and logic. In: Berys G, Matthew K, Gaut B, Kieran M, editors. Creativity and philosophy. New York: Routledge; 2018. p. 273\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781351199797-16."},{"issue":"11","key":"219_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000067","volume":"142","author":"K Bezrukova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bezrukova K, Spell CS, Perry JL, Jehn KA. A meta-analytical integration of over 40 years of research on diversity training evaluation. Psychol Bull. 2016;142(11):1227.","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"219_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721410363571","volume":"19","author":"M Bilali\u0107","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bilali\u0107 M, McLeod P, Gobet F. The mechanism of the Einstellung (set) effect: a pervasive source of cognitive bias. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2010;19(2):111\u20135.","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"key":"219_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203508527","volume-title":"The creative mind: myths and mechanisms","author":"MA Boden","year":"2004","unstructured":"Boden MA. The creative mind: myths and mechanisms. Hove: Psychology Press; 2004."},{"key":"219_CR8","unstructured":"Borgesius FZ. Discrimination, artificial intelligence, and algorithmic decisionmaking. Directorate General of Democracy, Strasbourg. Retrieved August 2:2019. 2018."},{"key":"219_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","volume":"45","author":"L Breiman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Breiman L. Random forests. Mach Learn. 2001;45:5\u201332.","journal-title":"Mach Learn"},{"key":"219_CR10","unstructured":"Bridle J. The stupidity of AI. The Guardian. 16 maart 2023. https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2023\/mar\/16\/the-stupidity-of-ai-artificial-intelligence-dall-e-chatgpt."},{"key":"219_CR11","unstructured":"Buolamwini J, Gebru T. Gender shades: Intersectional accuracy disparities in commercial gender classification. In Conference on fairness, accountability and transparency, 77\u201391. 2018."},{"issue":"2","key":"219_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.10.2.13","volume":"10","author":"P Burlina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Burlina P, Joshi N, Paul W, Pacheco KD, Bressler NM. Addressing artificial intelligence bias in retinal diagnostics. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2021;10(2):13\u201313.","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"219_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2680.3.1.23","volume":"3","author":"WK Campbell","year":"1999","unstructured":"Campbell WK, Sedikides C. Self-threat magnifies the self-serving bias: a meta-analytic integration. Rev Gen Psychol. 1999;3(1):23\u201343.","journal-title":"Rev Gen Psychol"},{"key":"219_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2012.02.023","volume":"32","author":"D Cire\u015fAn","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cire\u015fAn D, Meier U, Masci J, Schmidhuber J. Multi-column deep neural network for traffic sign classification. Neural Netw. 2012;32:333\u20138.","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"issue":"6","key":"219_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-022-00887-w","volume":"14","author":"M Constantinescu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Constantinescu M, Crisp R. Can robotic AI systems be virtuous and why does this matter? Int J Soc Robot. 2022;14(6):1547\u201357.","journal-title":"Int J Soc Robot"},{"key":"219_CR16","volume-title":"Enchanted looms: conscious networks in brains and computers","author":"R Cotterill","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cotterill R. Enchanted looms: conscious networks in brains and computers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1998."},{"issue":"1","key":"219_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1017\/S1351324920000601","volume":"27","author":"R Dale","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dale R. GPT-3: what\u2019s it good for? Nat Lang Eng. 2021;27(1):113\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Lang Eng"},{"issue":"6","key":"219_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2012.2211477","volume":"29","author":"Li Deng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Deng Li. The MNIST database of handwritten digit images for machine learning research [best of the web]. IEEE Signal Process Mag. 2012;29(6):141\u20132.","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process Mag"},{"issue":"1","key":"219_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.56.1.5","volume":"56","author":"PG Devine","year":"1989","unstructured":"Devine PG. Stereotypes and prejudice: their automatic and controlled components. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;56(1):5.","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"219_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2012.06.003","volume":"48","author":"PG Devine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Devine PG, Forscher PS, Austin AJ, Cox WTL. Long-term reduction in implicit race bias: a prejudice habit-breaking intervention. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2012;48(6):1267\u201378.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"219_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.5840\/teachphil19982113","volume":"21","author":"RH Ennis","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ennis RH. Is critical thinking culturally biased? Teach Philos. 1998;21(1):15\u201333.","journal-title":"Teaching Philosophy"},{"key":"219_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.835695","author":"A Farooq","year":"2022","unstructured":"Farooq A, Argyri EK, Adlam A, Rutland A. Children and adolescents ingroup biases and developmental differences in evaluations of peers who misinform. Front Psychol. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.835695.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"219_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3390\/sci6010003","volume":"6","author":"E Ferrara","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ferrara E. Fairness and bias in artificial intelligence: a brief survey of sources, impacts, and mitigation strategies. Sci. 2023;6(1):3.","journal-title":"Sci"},{"key":"219_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjhci-2021-100460","author":"A Foryciarz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Foryciarz A, Pfohl SR, Patel B, Shah N. Evaluating algorithmic fairness in the presence of clinical guidelines: the case of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk estimation. BMJ Health Care Inform. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjhci-2021-100460.","journal-title":"BMJ Health Care Inform"},{"key":"219_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199276011.003.0011","volume-title":"The epistemology of testimony","author":"E Fricker","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fricker E. Testimony and epistemic autonomy. In: Lackey J, Sosa E, editors. The epistemology of testimony. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2006. p. 225\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199276011.003.0011."},{"key":"219_CR26","unstructured":"Goldman A, Beddor B. Reliabilist epistemology. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2016 Edition). 2015. https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/win2016\/entries\/reliabilism\/."},{"key":"219_CR27","first-page":"75","volume-title":"A companion to epistemology","author":"J Greco","year":"2010","unstructured":"Greco J. Virtue epistemology. In: Dancy J, Sosa E, Steup M, editors. A companion to epistemology. 2nd ed. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell; 2010. p. 75\u201382.","edition":"2"},{"key":"219_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greco J, Reibsamen J. Reliabilist virtue epistemology. In The Oxford handbook of virtue. 2017.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199385195.013.19"},{"key":"219_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17086","DOI":"10.1057\/palcomms.2017.86","volume":"3","author":"P Hinton","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hinton P. Implicit stereotypes and the predictive brain: cognition and culture in \u201cbiased\u201d person perception. Palgrave Commun. 2017;3:17086.","journal-title":"Palgrave Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"219_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/36388","volume":"10","author":"J Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang J, Galal G, Etemadi M, Vaidyanathan M. Evaluation and mitigation of racial bias in clinical machine learning models: scoping review. JMIR Med Inform. 2022;10(5): e36388.","journal-title":"JMIR Med Inform"},{"key":"219_CR31","unstructured":"Hursthouse R, Pettigrove G. Virtue ethics. The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Fall 2023 Edition). 2022. https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/fall2023\/entries\/ethics-virtue\/."},{"key":"219_CR32","unstructured":"James W. The will to believe, by William James. Longmans and green. 1917."},{"key":"219_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-010-9206-y","volume":"20","author":"KE Jennings","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jennings KE. Developing creativity: artificial barriers in artificial intelligence. Mind Mach. 2010;20:489\u2013501.","journal-title":"Minds and Machines"},{"key":"219_CR34","volume-title":"Thinking, fast and slow","author":"D Kahneman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kahneman D. Thinking, fast and slow. New York: Macmillan; 2011."},{"key":"219_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-7530-9","volume-title":"The fear of snakes: evolutionary and psychobiological perspectives on our innate fear","author":"N Kawai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kawai N. The fear of snakes: evolutionary and psychobiological perspectives on our innate fear. Singapore: Springer; 2019."},{"key":"219_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kidd Ian James. 2020. \u201cCreativity in Science and the ?Anthropological Turn? In Virtue Theory.\u201d European Journal for Philosophy of Science 11(1):1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13194-020-00334-5.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13194-020-00334-5"},{"key":"219_CR37","unstructured":"Kraut R. Aristotle\u2019s ethics. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2022 Edition). 2022. https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/aristotle-ethics\/."},{"key":"219_CR38","unstructured":"Landymore F. Godfather of AI says there\u2019s an expert consensus that AI will soon exceed human intelligence. The Byte. 2024. https:\/\/futurism.com\/the-byte\/godfather-ai-exceed-human-intelligence."},{"issue":"3","key":"219_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1080\/1360080X.2022.2145927","volume":"45","author":"B Lehman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lehman B, Colbert K, Goltz S, Mayer A, Rouleau M. Effects of repeated implicit bias training in a North American university. J High Educ Policy Manag. 2023;45(3):306\u201322.","journal-title":"Journal Higher Education Policy and Management"},{"key":"219_CR40","unstructured":"Levin J. Functionalism. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2023 Edition). 2004. https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/functionalism\/."},{"key":"219_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu J. Human-in-the-loop ethical AI for care robots and Confucian virtue ethics. In International Conference on Social Robotics, Springer; 2022. 674\u201388.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-24670-8_59"},{"key":"219_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.4324\/9781351199797-7","volume-title":"Creativity and philosophy","author":"P Livingston","year":"2018","unstructured":"Livingston P. Explicating \u2018creativity.\u2019 In: Berys G, Matthew K, Gaut B, Kieran M, editors. Creativity and philosophy. New York: Routledge; 2018. p. 108\u201323."},{"key":"219_CR43","unstructured":"Martinez E, Kirchner L. The secret bias hidden in mortgage-approval algorithms. The Markup. 2021. https:\/\/themarkup.org\/denied\/2021\/08\/25\/the-secret-bias-hidden-in-mortgage-approval-algorithms. Accessed 25 Aug 2021."},{"issue":"6","key":"219_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pdig.0000278","volume":"2","author":"LH Nazer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nazer LH, Zatarah R, Waldrip S, Ke JXC, Moukheiber M, Khanna AK, Hicklen RS, et al. Bias in artificial intelligence algorithms and recommendations for mitigation. PLOS Digit Health. 2023;2(6): e0000278.","journal-title":"PLOS Digit Health"},{"key":"219_CR45","unstructured":"No author. The definitive glossary of higher mathematical jargon. Nath Vault. 2015. https:\/\/mathvault.ca\/math-glossary\/#algo."},{"key":"219_CR46","volume-title":"The end of bias: a beginning: the science and practice of overcoming unconscious bias","author":"J Nordell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nordell J. The end of bias: a beginning: the science and practice of overcoming unconscious bias. New York: Metropolitan Books; 2021."},{"issue":"4","key":"219_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1093\/aepp\/ppy020","volume":"40","author":"JL Orquin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Orquin JL, Perkovic S, Grunert KG. Visual biases in decision making. Appl Econ Perspect Policy. 2018;40(4):523\u201337.","journal-title":"Applied Economics Perspect Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"219_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e213909","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.3909","volume":"4","author":"Y Park","year":"2021","unstructured":"Park Y, Jianying Hu, Singh M, Sylla I, Dankwa-Mullan I, Koski E, Das AK. Comparison of methods to reduce bias from clinical prediction models of postpartum depression. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(4):e213909\u2013e213909.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"219_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-019-00592-1","volume":"13","author":"A Peeters","year":"2021","unstructured":"Peeters A, Haselager P. Designing virtuous sex robots. Int J Soc Robot. 2021;13(1):55\u201366.","journal-title":"International Journal Social Robotics"},{"issue":"3","key":"219_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-022-05071-8","volume":"183","author":"F Pethig","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pethig F, Kroenung J. Biased humans,(un) biased algorithms? J Bus Ethics. 2023;183(3):637\u201352.","journal-title":"Journal Business Ethics"},{"key":"219_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2020.103621","volume":"113","author":"SR Pfohl","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pfohl SR, Foryciarz A, Shah NH. An empirical characterization of fair machine learning for clinical risk prediction. J Biomed Inform. 2021;113: 103621.","journal-title":"Journal Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"219_CR52","unstructured":"Polger TW. z.d. \u2018Functionalism\u2019. Internet encyclopedia of philosophy. https:\/\/iep.utm.edu\/functism\/."},{"key":"219_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjhci-2021-100456","author":"M Reeves","year":"2022","unstructured":"Reeves M, Bhat HS, Goldman-Mellor S. Resampling to address inequities in predictive modeling of suicide deaths. BMJ Health Care Inform. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjhci-2021-100456.","journal-title":"BMJ Health Care Informatics"},{"key":"219_CR54","unstructured":"Rosenblatt F. The perceptron, a perceiving and recognizing automaton Project Para. Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory. 1957."},{"key":"219_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305570","author":"M Samorani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Samorani M, Blount LG. Machine learning and medical appointment scheduling: creating and perpetuating inequalities in access to health care. Am J Public Health. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305570.","journal-title":"American Journal Public Health"},{"issue":"7587","key":"219_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16961","volume":"529","author":"D Silver","year":"2016","unstructured":"Silver D, Huang A, Maddison CJ, Guez A, Sifre L, van den Driessche G, Schrittwieser J, et al. Mastering the game of Go with deep neural networks and tree search. Nature. 2016;529(7587):484.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"219_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3932(03)00029-1","volume":"50","author":"CA Sims","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sims CA. Implications of rational inattention. J Monet Econ. 2003;50(3):665\u201390.","journal-title":"Journal of Monetary Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"219_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/sipr.12054","volume":"13","author":"AS Skinner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Skinner AS, Meltzoff A. Childhood experiences and intergroup biases among children. Soc Issues Policy Rev. 2019;13(1):211\u201340.","journal-title":"Social Issues Policy Review"},{"key":"219_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511625299","volume-title":"Knowledge in perspective: selected essays in epistemology","author":"E Sosa","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sosa E. Knowledge in perspective: selected essays in epistemology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1991."},{"issue":"1","key":"219_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0017.1997.tb00062.x","volume":"12","author":"D Sperber","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sperber D. Intuitive and reflective beliefs. Mind Lang. 1997;12(1):67\u201383.","journal-title":"Mind and Language"},{"key":"219_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tae KH, Roh Y, Oh YH, Kim H, Whang SE. Data cleaning for accurate, fair, and robust models: a big data-AI integration approach. In Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on data management for end-to-end machine learning, 2019, 1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1145\/3329486.3329493"},{"key":"219_CR62","unstructured":"Turri J, Alfano M, Greco J. Virtue epistemology. The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Fall 2019 Edition). 1999. https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/fall2019\/entries\/epistemology-virtue\/."},{"issue":"6","key":"219_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100115","volume":"9","author":"D V\u00e4stfj\u00e4ll","year":"2014","unstructured":"V\u00e4stfj\u00e4ll D, Slovic P, Mayorga M, Peters E. Compassion fade: affect and charity are greatest for a single child in need. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(6): e100115.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"219_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1177\/17456916211026968","volume":"16","author":"SR WaxmanAndra","year":"2021","unstructured":"WaxmanAndra SR. Racial awareness and bias begin early: developmental entry points, challenges, and a call to action. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2021;16(5):893\u2013902.","journal-title":"Perspect Psychol Sci"},{"key":"219_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/lhb0000568","author":"RE Worden","year":"2024","unstructured":"Worden RE, Najdowski CJ, McLean SJ, Worden KM, Corsaro N, Cochran H, Engel RS. Implicit bias training for police: evaluating impacts on enforcement disparities. Law Hum Behav. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/lhb0000568.","journal-title":"Law Hum Behav"},{"key":"219_CR66","unstructured":"Yao M. Chihuahua or muffin? My search for the best computer vision API\u2019. 2017. FreeCodeCamp. Accessed 12 Oct."},{"key":"219_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139174763","volume-title":"Virtues of the mind: an inquiry into the nature of virtue and the ethical foundations of knowledge","author":"LT Zagzebski","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zagzebski LT. Virtues of the mind: an inquiry into the nature of virtue and the ethical foundations of knowledge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1996."},{"key":"219_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/phis.12012","volume":"23","author":"LT Zagzebski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zagzebski LT. Intellectual autonomy. Phil Issues. 2013;23:244\u201361.","journal-title":"Phil Issues"},{"key":"219_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10590-1_53","volume-title":"Computer vision\u2014ECCV 2014: 13th European Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, September 6-12, 2014, Proceedings, Part I","author":"MD Zeiler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zeiler MD, Fergus R. Visualizing and understanding convolutional networks. In: Fleet D, Pajdla T, Schiele B, Tuytelaars T, editors. Computer vision\u2014ECCV 2014: 13th European Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, September 6-12, 2014, Proceedings, Part I. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 818\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-10590-1_53."}],"container-title":["Discover Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00219-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00219-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00219-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T18:13:19Z","timestamp":1736187199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00219-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["219"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44163-024-00219-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2731-0809"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-0809","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2"}}