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It affects mostly the elderly population,       with potential consequences such as stroke and heart failure in the absence of necessary treatments as soon as possible. The importance of atrial scarring in the development and progression of AFib has gained recognition, positioning late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) as a crucial technique for the non-invasive evaluation of atrial scar tissue. This review delves into the recent progress in segmenting atrial scars using LGE-MRIs, emphasizing the importance of precise scar measurement in the treatment and management of AFib. Initially, it provides a detailed examination of AFib. Subsequently, it explores the application of deep learning in this domain. The review culminates in a discussion of the latest research advancements in atrial scar segmentation using deep learning methods. By offering a thorough analysis       of current technologies and their impact on AFib management strategies, this review highlights the integral role of deep learning in enhancing atrial scar segmentation and its implications for future therapeutic approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s44163-025-00324-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T15:12:34Z","timestamp":1764169954000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Integrating deep learning in cardiology: a comprehensive review of atrial fibrillation, left atrial scar segmentation, and the frontiers of state-of-the-art techniques"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Malitha","family":"Gunawardhana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anuradha","family":"Kulathilaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jichao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"324_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa612","volume":"42","author":"G Hindricks","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, Arbelo E, Bax JJ, Blomstr\u00f6m-Lundqvist C, Boriani G, Castella M, Dan G-A, Dilaveris PE, et al. 2020 esc guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the european association for cardio-thoracic surgery (eacts) the task force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the european society of cardiology (esc) developed with the special contribution of the european heart rhythm association (ehra) of the esc. 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