{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T14:32:26Z","timestamp":1761748346983,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Social Science Foundation Project of 2024","award":["2024B61"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024B61"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Artif Intell"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This paper combines industry characteristics of photovoltaic enterprises, selects 14 financial indicators to construct an enterprise performance evaluation indicator system, and calculates the comprehensive financial performance value in combination with the indicator weights. A financial performance evaluation model is then constructed using the PSO-LMBP method. The effectiveness of the proposed model in financial performance evaluation is effectively verified through a case study, providing a reference for financial performance evaluation in other industries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s44163-025-00568-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:20:41Z","timestamp":1761744041000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Research on deep learning methods for evaluating corporate financial performance in the context of a low-carbon economy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Chunli","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"568_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-020-00706-0","volume":"23","author":"IA Kapitonov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kapitonov IA. Development of low-carbon economy as the base of sustainable improvement of energy security. Environ Dev Sustain. 2021;23:3077\u201396.","journal-title":"Environ Dev Sustain"},{"key":"568_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2013.12.063","volume":"67","author":"S Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang S, Andrews-Speed P, Ji M. The erratic path of the low-carbon transition in China: evolution of solar PV policy. Energy Policy. 2014;67:903\u201312.","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3600","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-023-01284-y","volume":"15","author":"C You","year":"2024","unstructured":"You C, Khattak SI, Ahmad M. Impact of innovation in solar photovoltaic energy generation, distribution, or transmission-related technologies on carbon dioxide emissions in China. J Knowledge Econ. 2024;15(1):3600\u201334.","journal-title":"J Knowledge Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-020-00724-2","volume":"6","author":"E O\u2019Shaughnessy","year":"2021","unstructured":"O\u2019Shaughnessy E, Barbose G, Wiser R, et al. The impact of policies and business models on income equity in rooftop solar adoption. Nat Energy. 2021;6(1):84\u201391.","journal-title":"Nat Energy"},{"issue":"3","key":"568_CR5","first-page":"40","volume":"4","author":"Z Fazeli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fazeli Z, Bikzadeh Abbasi F, Sardar S. Identifying and Ranking indicators affecting the evaluation of financial performance in private banks using the fuzzy AHP method. Fuzzy Optimi Model J. 2023;4(3):40\u201353.","journal-title":"Fuzzy Optimi Model J"},{"issue":"2","key":"568_CR6","first-page":"2385","volume":"12","author":"IT Lubis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lubis IT, Ningsi EH. Determinants of financial performance in local governments in district\/city in Indonesia. Enrich: J Manag. 2022;12(2):2385\u201390.","journal-title":"Enrich: J Manag"},{"key":"568_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.18280\/ijsdp.160503","volume":"16","author":"H Shabani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shabani H, Morina F, Berisha A. Financial performance of the SMEs sector in Kosovo: an empirical analysis using the DuPont model. Int J Sustain Dev Plann. 2021;16:819\u201331.","journal-title":"Int J Sustain Dev Plann"},{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR8","first-page":"52","volume":"34","author":"T Budding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Budding T, Faber B, Schoute M. Integrating non-financial performance indicators in budget documents: the continuing search of Dutch municipalities. J Public Budg Account Financ Manag. 2022;34(1):52\u201366.","journal-title":"J Public Budg Account Financ Manag"},{"issue":"01","key":"568_CR9","first-page":"65","volume":"4","author":"X Dong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dong X, Dang B, Zang H, et al. The prediction trend of enterprise financial risk based on machine learning Arima model. J Theory Pract Eng Sci. 2024;4(01):65\u201371.","journal-title":"J Theory Pract Eng Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"568_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1080\/20430795.2020.1782814","volume":"12","author":"Z Folger-Laronde","year":"2022","unstructured":"Folger-Laronde Z, Pashang S, Feor L, et al. ESG ratings and financial performance of exchange-traded funds during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Sustain Financ Invest. 2022;12(2):490\u20136.","journal-title":"J Sustain Financ Invest"},{"key":"568_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.01.059","volume":"559","author":"J Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun J, Fujita H, Zheng Y, et al. Multi-class financial distress prediction based on support vector machines integrated with the decomposition and fusion methods[J]. Inf Sci. 2021;559:153\u201370.","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"568_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1080\/01605682.2021.1907239","volume":"73","author":"K Thaker","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thaker K, Charles V, Pant A, et al. A DEA and random forest regression approach to studying bank efficiency and corporate governance[J]. J Oper Res Soc. 2022;73(6):1258\u201377.","journal-title":"J Oper Res Soc"},{"key":"568_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moshayedi AJ, Khan AS, Khan ZH et al. Safeguarding smart infrastructure: A review of deep learning techniques for automatic pipeline defect detection. Empower AI Appl Smart Life Environ. 2025:67\u201392.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-78038-7_3"},{"key":"568_CR14","unstructured":"Jahangir Moshayedi A, Nowzari R, Taherinezhad M et al. Investigation and characterization of pipe defects and challenge toward the guarantee of environmental chemical protection. Iran J Chem Chem Eng. 2025."},{"key":"568_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moshayedi AJ, Khan AS, Khan ZH, et al. Road space rationing using vehicle\u2019s automated license plate recognition: a comprehensive survey of methods. Appl Neural Netw AI Era: From Theory to Real-World Impact. 2025:93\u2013136.","DOI":"10.4018\/979-8-3373-4571-0.ch005"},{"key":"568_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10614-025-10893-5","volume":"65","author":"YE G\u00fcr","year":"2025","unstructured":"G\u00fcr YE, To\u011fa\u00e7ar M, Solak B. Integration of CNN models and machine learning methods in credit score classification: 2D image transformation and feature extraction. Comput Econ. 2025;65:1\u201345.","journal-title":"Comput Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"568_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.3846\/jbem.2021.14000","volume":"22","author":"DCS Popa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Popa DCS, Popa DN, Bogdan V, et al. Composite financial performance index prediction\u2014a neural networks approach. J Bus Econ Manag. 2021;22(2):277\u201396.","journal-title":"J Bus Econ Manag"},{"key":"568_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-024-02108-3","author":"B Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu B, Lai M. Advanced machine learning for financial markets: a PCA-GRU-LSTM approach. J Knowl Econ. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13132-024-02108-3.","journal-title":"J Knowl Econ"},{"issue":"9","key":"568_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksuci.2021.07.001","volume":"34","author":"SR Polamuri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Polamuri SR, Srinivas K, Mohan AK. Multi-model generative adversarial network hybrid prediction algorithm (MMGAN-HPA) for stock market prices prediction. J King Saud Univ-Comput Inform Sci. 2022;34(9):7433\u201344.","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ-Comput Inform Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1002\/csr.2048","volume":"28","author":"G Barauskaite","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barauskaite G, Streimikiene D. Corporate social responsibility and financial performance of companies: the puzzle of concepts, definitions and assessment methods. Corp Soc Responsib Environ Manag. 2021;28(1):278\u201387.","journal-title":"Corp Soc Responsib Environ Manag"},{"issue":"12","key":"568_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13848","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2021.3109066","volume":"52","author":"T Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li T, Kou G, Peng Y, et al. An integrated cluster detection, optimization, and interpretation approach for financial data. IEEE Trans Cybern. 2021;52(12):13848\u201361.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"key":"568_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.09.014","volume":"547","author":"J Dong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dong J, Wan S, Chen SM. Fuzzy best-worst method based on triangular fuzzy numbers for multi-criteria decision-making. Inf Sci. 2021;547:1080\u2013104.","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR23","first-page":"269","volume":"12","author":"S Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu S, Yue Q, Lu B. Grey correlation analysis on the synergistic development between innovation-driven strategy and marine industrial agglomeration: based on China\u2019s coastal provinces. Grey Syst: Theory Appl. 2022;12(1):269\u201389.","journal-title":"Grey Syst: Theory Appl"},{"key":"568_CR24","first-page":"1","volume":"60","author":"Z Guan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guan Z, Zhao Y, Geng G. The risk early-warning model of financial operation in family farms based on back propagation neural network methods. Comput Econ. 2021;60:1\u201324.","journal-title":"Comput Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"568_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1007\/s11081-022-09736-1","volume":"24","author":"A Tin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tin A, Zemkoho AB. Levenberg\u2013marquardt method and partial exact penalty parameter selection in bilevel optimization. Optim Eng. 2023;24(2):1343\u201385.","journal-title":"Optim Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"568_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.3390\/su11030619","volume":"11","author":"Z Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang Z, Shou M, Wang S, et al. An empirical study on the key factors of intelligent upgrade of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. Sustainability. 2019;11(3):619.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"3","key":"568_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1520\/JTE20220123","volume":"51","author":"Z Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Z, Long H, Hu M, et al. Empirical study on the performance of industry chains finance business in finance companies based on the included angle cosine-grey relation method. J Test Eval. 2023;51(3):1529\u201342.","journal-title":"J Test Eval"}],"container-title":["Discover Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00568-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00568-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00568-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:20:43Z","timestamp":1761744043000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00568-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00568-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2731-0809"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-0809","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"296"}}