{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T11:51:14Z","timestamp":1775735474483,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Artif Intell"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s44163-025-00641-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T06:35:18Z","timestamp":1764570918000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ethical AI framework for future SHRM research"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3532-3024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gowri","family":"R.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4443-8971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Senthil Kumar","family":"S.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4817-6605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neeraj Kumar","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"641_CR1","unstructured":"(2024) New SHRM research shows how HR leaders really feel about AI. https:\/\/www.shrm.org\/in\/executive-network\/insights\/new-shrm-research-shows-how-hr-leaders-really-feel-about-ai. Accessed 17 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR2","unstructured":"(2024) AI alliance NCR: What is GoI\u2019s AI Mission all about | policies & regulations that govern AI in India - YouTube. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RXD5NhIefPQ. Accessed 17 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR3","first-page":"2413","volume":"13","author":"J Du","year":"2024","unstructured":"Du J. Ethical and legal challenges of AI in human resource management. J Comput Electron Inf Manag. 2024;13:2413\u20131660.","journal-title":"J Comput Electron Inf Manag"},{"key":"641_CR4","unstructured":"Artificial intelligence based strategic human resource management (AISHRM) for industry 4.0. https:\/\/journalofbusiness.org\/index.php\/GJMBR\/article\/download\/3059\/2-Artificial-Intelligence-based-Strategic_html?inline=1. Accessed 27 Feb 2025"},{"key":"641_CR5","unstructured":"Begum SM (2016) Effect of SHRM on organization performance. anveshana\u2019s international journal of research in regional studies, law, social sciences, journalism and management practices 1"},{"issue":"23","key":"641_CR6","first-page":"543","volume":"15","author":"M Shahzad Akbar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shahzad Akbar M, Taleb N. Impact of strategic HRM on organizational performance. Int J Appl Bus Econ Res. 2017;15(23):543\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Appl Bus Econ Res"},{"key":"641_CR7","unstructured":"Verma R, Rawat A Artificial intelligence: boon or bane for Doctoral Research Acta Scientific COMPUTER SCIENCES. 2023;5 https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4592171"},{"key":"641_CR8","unstructured":"(2024) OpenAI claim of \u2018PhD-level intelligence\u2019 for GPT-5 sparks debate: YouTube. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=kuJ1E5CVPbE. Accessed 17 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.5314976","author":"TK Dasaklis","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dasaklis TK, Giannopoulos PG, Koutras D, Malamas V, Chountalas PT. Large language models in human resource management: a systematic literature review of applications. Open Issues Future Res Dir. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.5314976.","journal-title":"Open Issues Future Res Dir"},{"key":"641_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shree V, Krishnan LRK, Marimuthu M, Sundarrajan P.  AI and Machine Learning in the HR Ecosystem: Driving Employee Engagement. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS). 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47772\/IJRISS.2024.809069","DOI":"10.47772\/IJRISS.2024.809069"},{"key":"641_CR11","unstructured":"(2025) INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ISSUES IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TRAINED ON SCRAPED DATA"},{"key":"641_CR12","unstructured":"(2022) Will an AI soon be writing our PhDs? \u2013 Research degree insiders. https:\/\/researchinsiders.blog\/2022\/12\/16\/will-an-ai-soon-be-writing-our-phds\/. Accessed 17 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1177\/02683962211048201","volume":"37","author":"G Wagner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wagner G, Lukyanenko R, Par\u00e9 G. Artificial intelligence and the conduct of literature reviews. J Inf Technol. 2022;37:209\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02683962211048201.","journal-title":"J Inf Technol"},{"key":"641_CR14","unstructured":"(2023) Unleashing the power of AI in research | GCU Blog. https:\/\/www.gcu.edu\/blog\/doctoral-journey\/ai-in-research. Accessed 17 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR15","unstructured":"Cole Stryker, Mark Scapicchio What is generative AI? | IBM. Accessed 10 Sep 2025 https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/think\/topics\/generative-ai."},{"key":"641_CR16","unstructured":"Cole Stryker What are large language models (LLMs)? | IBM. Accessed 10 Sep 2025 https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/think\/topics\/large-language-models."},{"key":"641_CR17","unstructured":"Natural language processing (NLP) solutions | IBM. https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/solutions\/natural-language-processing. Accessed 10 Sep 2025"},{"key":"641_CR18","unstructured":"Sridharan D Emerging AI Tools for education and research: perspective and policies for IISc (2024)"},{"key":"641_CR19","unstructured":"Khailova L guides: artificial intelligence (Generative) resources: AI tools for research"},{"key":"641_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1108\/LHTN-01-2023-0009\/FULL\/HTML","volume":"40","author":"BD Lund","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lund BD, Wang T. Research guides: AI-based literature review tools: home. Libr Hi Tech News. 2023;40:26\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/LHTN-01-2023-0009\/FULL\/HTML.","journal-title":"Libr Hi Tech News"},{"key":"641_CR21","unstructured":"(2023) 10 AI tools I wish I had during my PhD. https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/10-ai-tools-i-wish-had-during-my-phd-ra\u00edza-rocha. Accessed 17 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2024) AI tools: artificial intelligence tools for detection, research and writing\u2014 guides at Texas tech university. https:\/\/guides.library.ttu.edu\/artificialintelligencetools\/aitools. Accessed 18 Aug 2024","DOI":"10.1108\/LHTN-08-2024-0131"},{"key":"641_CR23","unstructured":"(2024) Best research AI tools in 2024: review & comparisons. https:\/\/aihungry.com\/categories\/research. Accessed 18 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR24","unstructured":"Mahajan P, Bhasin J, Aggarwal V (2024) India\u2019s state of AI research | Changengine. https:\/\/www.changengine.in\/indias-state-of-ai-research. Accessed 17 Aug 2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"641_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrmr.2022.100940","volume":"33","author":"A Malik","year":"2023","unstructured":"Malik A, Australia N, Budhwar Bahar P, Kazmi A. Human resource management review artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted HRM: towards an extended strategic framework. Human Resource Manag Rev. 2023;33(1):100940.","journal-title":"Human Resource Manag Rev"},{"key":"641_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.13052\/JMM1550-4646.21348","volume":"21","author":"Gowri R","year":"2025","unstructured":"R Gowri, Sah UP, Banerjee B, Kumar MV. Enhancement of employee engagement with ethical AI enabled 6G wireless networks. J Mob Multimed. 2025;21:475\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13052\/JMM1550-4646.21348.","journal-title":"J Mob Multimed"},{"key":"641_CR27","unstructured":"(2024) AI platforms: generative AI\u2014research guides at Princeton University. https:\/\/libguides.princeton.edu\/generativeAI\/platforms. Accessed 18 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR28","unstructured":"(2021) Ethics of artificial intelligence | UNESCO. https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/artificial-intelligence\/recommendation-ethics. Accessed 17 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR29","unstructured":"BCG, NASSCOM Gen AI: the diversity game changer we can\u2019t ignore. 1\u201330 (2024)"},{"key":"641_CR30","unstructured":"(2023) Guidance for generative AI in education and research | UNESCO. https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/articles\/guidance-generative-ai-education-and-research. Accessed 17 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR31","unstructured":"(2024) AI Act | Shaping Europe\u2019s digital future. https:\/\/digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu\/en\/policies\/regulatory-framework-ai. Accessed 4 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR32","unstructured":"(2021) Approach document for India part 1-principles for responsible AI"},{"key":"641_CR33","unstructured":"(2023) Digital personal data protection act 2023 | Ministry of electronics and information technology, government of India. https:\/\/www.meity.gov.in\/content\/digital-personal-data-protection-act-2023. Accessed 4 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR34","unstructured":"(2021) The information technology (intermediary guidelines and digital media ethics code) rules"},{"key":"641_CR35","unstructured":"(2024) eNo.2(4)\/2023-CyberLaws-3: Ministry of electronics and information technology (MeitY) advisory on 15 March 2024. https:\/\/www.meity.gov.in\/writereaddata\/files\/Advisory 15March 2024.pdf. Accessed 18 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR36","unstructured":"Press release: press information Bureau. https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2030534. Accessed 4 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR37","unstructured":"(2024) Press Note Details: Press Information Bureau. https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressNoteDetails.aspx?NoteId=151932&ModuleId=3. Accessed 4 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR38","unstructured":"(2021) Academic integrity and research quality. In: university grants commission, ministry of education, India. https:\/\/www.ugc.gov.in\/e-book\/Academic and Research\/mobile\/index.html. Accessed 18 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR39","unstructured":"(2022) UGC (minimum standards and procedure for award of Ph.D.) regulations. In: university grants commission, ministry of education, India. https:\/\/www.ugc.gov.in\/KeyInitiative?ID=5a+g5HaAjyPaGaXtnVc3+Q==. Accessed 18 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR40","unstructured":"Committee on Creating Skilling Framework for AI (2023) National programme on artificial intelligence (NPAI) skilling framework https:\/\/www.ugc.gov.in\/pdfnews\/5732498_Report-on-NPAI-Skilling-Framework.pdf"},{"issue":"1","key":"641_CR41","first-page":"T31","volume":"17","author":"DR Rowland","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rowland DR. Two frameworks to guide discussions around levels of acceptable use of generative AI in student academic research and writing. J Acad Language Learn. 2023;17(1):T31\u201369.","journal-title":"J Acad Language Learn"},{"key":"641_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpbup.2024.100145","author":"M Khalifa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khalifa M, Albadawy M. Using artificial intelligence in academic writing and research: an essential productivity tool. Comput Methods Progr Biomed Update. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmpbup.2024.100145.","journal-title":"Comput Methods Progr Biomed Update"},{"key":"641_CR43","unstructured":"Using AI in report writing: Isabella Weatherford project part 6 \u2013 family Locket. https:\/\/familylocket.com\/using-ai-in-report-writing-isabella-weatherford-project-part-6\/. Accessed 28 Feb 2025"},{"key":"641_CR44","unstructured":"Dr. Neeraja kalluri, Dr. Tapen Gupta, Arti Vaish, Dr. Vijay Kumar Gowda B N, Prashansa Purohit . The impact of artificial intelligence on human resource functions: a case study of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) In India. Frontiers in Health Informatics. 2024;13:2207\u20132222 https:\/\/healthinformaticsjournal.com\/index.php\/IJMI\/article\/view\/1854\/1739"},{"key":"641_CR45","unstructured":"(2024) Stringent regulations could hinder growth of AI in India: experts\u2014The Hindu. https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/technology\/overly-strict-regulations-could-hinder-ai-growth-in-india-caution-experts\/article68320814.ece. Accessed 4 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR46","unstructured":"(2023) Geoffrey Hinton: AI \u201cgodfather\u201d Geoffrey Hinton quits Google to spread awareness against \u201cdangers\u201d of artificial intelligence\u2014the economic times. https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/magazines\/panache\/ai-godfather-geoffrey-hinton-quits-google-to-spread-awareness-against-dangers-of-artificial-intelligence\/articleshow\/99949532.cms?from=mdr. Accessed 4 Aug 2024"},{"key":"641_CR47","unstructured":"A call for transparency and responsibility in artificial intelligence | Deloitte Netherlands. https:\/\/www.deloitte.com\/nl\/en\/services\/consulting\/perspectives\/a-call-for-transparency-and-responsibility-in-artificial-intelligence.html. Accessed 28 Feb 2025"},{"key":"641_CR48","unstructured":"(2025) 2025 SHRM state of the workplace https:\/\/www.shrm.org\/content\/dam\/en\/shrm\/topics-tools\/research\/2025-shrm-state-of-the-workplace-research-report.pdf"},{"key":"641_CR49","unstructured":"(2025) AI startup perplexity makes $34.5-billion bid for Google\u2019s Chrome browser: The Hindu. https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/technology\/ai-startup-perplexity-makes-bid-for-googles-chrome-browser\/article69925781.ece. Accessed 13 Sep 2025"},{"key":"641_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2432550","DOI":"10.1080\/23311975.2024.2432550","volume":"11","author":"M Venugopal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Venugopal M, Madhavan V, Prasad R, Raman R. Transformative AI in human resource management: enhancing workforce planning with topic modeling. Cogent Bus Manage. 2024;11:2432550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23311975.2024.2432550.","journal-title":"Cogent Bus Manage"}],"container-title":["Discover Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00641-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00641-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00641-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T08:12:56Z","timestamp":1764576776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00641-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44163-025-00641-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2731-0809"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-0809","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research was conducted in accordance with ethical principles. All data collected during the interviews will be stored securely and used for the purposes outlined in the study protocol. Participant anonymity will be maintained, and no identifying information will be disclosed. All authors certify that privacy of individual is not disclosed in this manuscript. All authors certify that they are aware of the potential biases and have objectively taken steps to remain reflexive in undertaking this research, by keeping aside their personal identities, associated realities and affiliations. All participants have also been advised on the influence of their perceptions and worldview during the interview process.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the interviews for this study. All the participants are aged above 18\u00a0years.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors certify that there is no actual or potential conflict of interest in relation to this manuscript. All authors certify that manuscript is not submitted to multiple journals for simultaneous consideration.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"366"}}