{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T11:35:20Z","timestamp":1780572920864,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Comput Intell Syst"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s44196-025-00803-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T15:48:16Z","timestamp":1744645696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Enhanced Deep Learning-Based Optimization Model for the Coverage Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"S. Praveen","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. V. S. S.","family":"Nagendranath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamal","family":"Alsamri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouki A.","family":"Ebad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"803_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-wss.2017.0067","volume":"8","author":"S Chand","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chand, S., Kumar, B.: Genetic algorithm-based meta-heuristic for target coverage problem. IET Wireless Sensor Syst. 8(4), 170\u2013175 (2018)","journal-title":"IET Wireless Sensor Syst."},{"key":"803_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farsi, M., Elhosseini, M. A., Badawy, M., Arafat, H., ZainEldin, H.: Deployment techniques in wireless sensor networks, coverage and connectivity: A survey. IEEE Access (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2902072"},{"key":"803_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69415","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2880729","volume":"6","author":"D Qin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qin, D., Ma, J., Zhang, Y., Feng, P., Ji, P., Berhane, T.M.: Study on connected target coverage algorithm for wireless sensor network. IEEE Access. 6, 69415\u201369425 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Access."},{"key":"803_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, C., Hong, Y., Li, D., Wang, Y., Chen, W., Hu, Q.: Maximizing network lifetime using coverage sets scheduling in wireless sensor networks. Ad Hoc Networks. 102037 (2020)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2019.102037"},{"key":"803_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biswas, S., Das, R., Chatterjee, P.: Energy-Efficient Connected Target Coverage in Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks. Indus Interactive Innovations in Science, Engineering and Technology Springer. pp. 411\u2013421 (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-3953-9_40"},{"issue":"6","key":"803_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3167","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-018-1709-0","volume":"25","author":"GP Gupta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gupta, G.P., Jha, S.: Biogeography-based optimization scheme for solving the coverage and connected node placement problem for wireless sensor networks. Wireless Netw. 25(6), 3167\u20133177 (2019)","journal-title":"Wireless Netw."},{"key":"803_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.09.008","volume":"92","author":"M Elhoseny","year":"2018","unstructured":"Elhoseny, M., Tharwat, A., Yuan, X., Hassanien, A.E.: Optimizing K-coverage of mobile WSNs. Expert Syst. Appl. 92, 142\u2013153 (2018)","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"803_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2018.12.008","volume":"87","author":"J-M Etancelin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Etancelin, J.-M., Fabbri, A., Guinand, F., Rosalie, M.: DACYCLEM: A decentralized algorithm for maximizing coverage and lifetime in a mobile wireless sensor network. Ad Hoc Netw. 87, 174\u2013187 (2019)","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Netw."},{"issue":"4","key":"803_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-018-1792-2","volume":"25","author":"S Harizan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harizan, S., Kuila, P.: Coverage and connectivity aware energy efficient scheduling in target based wireless sensor networks: an improved genetic algorithm-based approach. Wireless Netw. 25(4), 1995\u20132011 (2019)","journal-title":"Wireless Netw."},{"issue":"5","key":"803_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-017-2203-7","volume":"74","author":"AK Idrees","year":"2018","unstructured":"Idrees, A.K., Deschinkel, K., Salomon, M., Couturier, R.: Multiround distributed lifetime coverage optimization protocol in wireless sensor networks. J. Supercomput. 74(5), 1949\u20131972 (2018)","journal-title":"J. Supercomput."},{"key":"803_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muhammad, Z., Roy, A., Ahn, C. W., Sachan, R., Saxena, N,: A novel random scheduling algorithm based on subregions coverage for SET K-Cover problem in wireless sensor networks. KSII Trans. Internet Inform. Syst. 12(6) (2018)","DOI":"10.3837\/tiis.2018.06.012"},{"key":"803_CR12","unstructured":"Katti, A.: Target coverage in random wireless sensor networks using cover sets. J King Saud University Comput. Inform. Sci. (2019)"},{"key":"803_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aej.2024.07.101","volume":"108","author":"Anitha Jebamani Soundararaj","year":"2024","unstructured":"Anitha Jebamani Soundararaj: Godfrey Winster Sathianesan,\"Task offloading scheme in Mobile Augmented Reality using hybrid Monte Carlo tree search (HMCTS)\". Alex. Eng. J. 108, 611\u2013625 (2024)","journal-title":"Alex. Eng. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"803_CR14","first-page":"1276","volume":"17","author":"J Samuel Manoharan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Samuel Manoharan, J.: A metaheuristic approach towards enhancement of network lifetime in wireless sensor networks. KSII Trans. Internet Inf. Syst. 17(4), 1276\u20131295 (2023)","journal-title":"KSII Trans. Internet Inf. Syst."},{"issue":"3","key":"803_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12046-022-01939-7","volume":"47","author":"JS Manoharan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Manoharan, J.S.: Double attribute-based node deployment in wireless sensor networks using novel weight-based clustering approach. Sadhana 47(3), 1\u201311 (2022)","journal-title":"Sadhana"},{"key":"803_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keshmiri, H., Bakhshi, H.: A new 2-phase optimization-based guaranteed connected target coverage for wireless sensor networks. In IEEE Sensors J. 20(13) 7472\u20137486 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2020.2978259"},{"key":"803_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, S., Jain, S., Sharma, A.: A BER-conscious synthesis of switched-beam antenna to maximize reliable coverage in wsn applications. In IEEE Sensors J. 22(4), 3785\u20133795 (2022)","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2022.3142137"},{"key":"803_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27596","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3365511","volume":"12","author":"R Jia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jia, R., Zhang, H.: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) model targeting energy efficient wireless sensor networks node coverage. IEEE Access 12, 27596\u201327610 (2024)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"803_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183091","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2960299","volume":"7","author":"Z Hao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hao, Z., Qu, N., Dang, X., Hou, J.: RSS-based coverage deployment method under probability model in 3D-WSN. IEEE Access 7, 183091\u2013183104 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"803_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62348","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3287855","volume":"11","author":"G Kou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kou, G., Wei, G.: Improved sparrow search algorithm optimized DV-Hop for wireless sensor network coverage. IEEE Access 11, 62348\u201362357 (2023)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"8","key":"803_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6800","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2024.3412590","volume":"9","author":"S Kumari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kumari, S., Srirangarajan, S.: Node placement and path planning for improved area coverage in mixed wireless sensor networks. IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett. 9(8), 6800\u20136807 (2024)","journal-title":"IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett."},{"key":"803_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, N., Wang, S., Hao, S.: Enhancing Reptile search algorithm with shifted distribution estimation strategy for coverage optimization in wireless sensor networks. Heliyon 10(15), (2024)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e34455"},{"key":"803_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zulfiqar, R., Javid, T., Ali, Z. A., Uddin, V.: Novel metaheuristic routing algorithm with optimized energy and enhanced coverage for WSNs. Ad Hoc Networks, 144 (2023)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2023.103133"},{"key":"803_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Huang, L., Yang, S., Luo, X., He, D., Chan, S.: Multi-strategy enhanced grey wolf algorithm for obstacle-aware WSNs coverage optimization. Ad Hoc Networks, 152 (2024)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2023.103308"},{"key":"803_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, X., Duan, Y., Cai, Z., Luo, W.: An adaptive learning grey wolf optimizer for coverage optimization in WSNs. Expert Syst. Appl. 238 (2024)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.121917"},{"issue":"4","key":"803_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.5121\/ijwmn.2012.4411","volume":"4","author":"D Wajgi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wajgi, D., Thakur, N.V.: Load balancing based approach to improve lifetime of wireless sensor network. Int J Wireless Mobile Netw 4(4), 155 (2012)","journal-title":"Int J Wireless Mobile Netw"},{"issue":"3","key":"803_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6829","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-15956-z","volume":"83","author":"DW Wajgi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wajgi, D.W., Tembhurne, J.V.: Localization in wireless sensor networks and wireless multimedia sensor networks using clustering techniques. Multimedia Tools Appl 83(3), 6829\u20136879 (2024)","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools Appl"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44196-025-00803-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44196-025-00803-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44196-025-00803-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T15:48:19Z","timestamp":1744645699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44196-025-00803-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["803"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44196-025-00803-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1875-6883"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1875-6883","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 December 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}],"article-number":"83"}}