{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T13:28:30Z","timestamp":1763386110862,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China Project \"Research on Multi-Parameter Microseismic Inversion Methods for Continental Shale 0il Reservoirs Based on Physics-Data Integration\"","award":["62576087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62576087"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Comput Intell Syst"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s44196-025-01029-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T13:26:22Z","timestamp":1763385982000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microseismic Source Location Based on Full Waveform Inversion-Driven Neural Network"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zixin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongxue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongli","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingzhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liwei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"1029_CR1","first-page":"60","volume":"8","author":"L Geiger","year":"1921","unstructured":"Geiger, L.: Probability method for the determination of earthquake epicenters from arrival time only. Saint Louis University. 8, 60\u201371 (1921)","journal-title":"Saint Louis University."},{"issue":"8","key":"1029_CR2","first-page":"1654","volume":"33","author":"N Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li, N., Wang, E.Y., Ge, M.C., Sun, Z.Y., Li, B.L.: A method for identifying outlier signals for microseisimic event based on arrival time difference. Rock Mech. Eng. 33(8), 1654\u20131661 (2014)","journal-title":"Rock Mech. Eng."},{"key":"1029_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00819555","volume":"78","author":"AF Prugger","year":"1988","unstructured":"Prugger, A.F., Gendzwill, D.J.: Microearthquake location: a nonlinear approach that makes use of a simplex stepping procedure. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 78, 799\u2013815 (1988). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00819555","journal-title":"Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am."},{"key":"1029_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1785\/0120000006","volume":"90","author":"F Waldhauser","year":"2000","unstructured":"Waldhauser, F., Ellsworth, W.L.: A double-difference earthquake location algorithm: method and application to the Northern Hayward Fault, California. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 90, 1353\u20131368 (2000). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1785\/0120000006","journal-title":"Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am."},{"key":"1029_CR5","first-page":"137","volume":"22","author":"JS Liu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liu, J.S., Chun, K.Y., Henderson, G.A., Liu, F.T., Hao, T.Y.: Relocation of earthquake clusters using the double difference technique. Progr. Geophys. 22, 137\u2013141 (2007)","journal-title":"Progr. Geophys."},{"issue":"3","key":"1029_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1093\/jge\/gxaf033","volume":"22","author":"Q Mao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mao, Q., Azeem, T., Zhong, Y., Wang, P., Gui, Z., Zhou, S.: A downhole migration-based location method based on cross-correlation-weighted semblance for microseismic events. J. Geophys. Eng. 22(3), 697\u2013708 (2025)","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Eng."},{"key":"1029_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1007\/s11600-020-00488-z","volume":"68","author":"Q Mao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mao, Q., Azeem, T., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Fang, Y., Zhang, Y.: A migration-based location method using improved waveform stacking for microseismic events in a borehole system. Acta Geophys. 68, 1609\u20131618 (2020)","journal-title":"Acta Geophys."},{"issue":"1","key":"1029_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1093\/jge\/gxy014","volume":"16","author":"Q Mao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mao, Q., Wang, P., Azeem, T.: Microseismic event location using an improved global grid search and its extended method in a downhole monitoring system. J. Geophys. Eng. 16(1), 159\u2013174 (2019)","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Eng."},{"key":"1029_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6036\/10370","volume":"97","author":"ZG Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, Z.G., Li, J., Li, B.: Source location mechanism of microseismic monitoring using P-S waves and its effect analysis. DYNA 97, 39\u201345 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6036\/10370","journal-title":"DYNA"},{"key":"1029_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12178796","volume":"12","author":"Z Liao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liao, Z., Feng, T., Yu, W.J., Cui, D.G., Wu, G.S.: Microseismic source location method and application based on NM-PSO algorithm. Appl. Sci. 12, 8799 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app12178796","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"1029_CR11","first-page":"285","volume":"37","author":"QF Xue","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xue, Q.F.: Wave equation based joint inversion of microseismic source location, source excitation time and anisotropic parameters of the VTI media. Earthq. Res. 37, 285\u2013299 (2021)","journal-title":"Earthq. Res."},{"key":"1029_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-246X.1982.tb02788.x","volume":"71","author":"GA McMechan","year":"1982","unstructured":"McMechan, G.A.: Determination of source parameters by wavefield extrapolation. Geophys. J. Int. 71, 613\u2013628 (1982). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-246X.1982.tb02788.x","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"1029_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C57","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2023-0367.1","volume":"89","author":"ZM Ren","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ren, Z.M., Dai, X., Wang, L.: Full-waveform inversion of pure quasi-P waves in titled transversely isotropic media based on different parameterizations. Geophysics 89(2), C57\u2013C73 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/geo2023-0367.1","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"issue":"6","key":"1029_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.6038\/cjg2023R0441","volume":"67","author":"H Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, H., Zhang, M.K., Sun, P.Y., Li, H.H., Chen, H.M., Zhou, H.: Acoustic full waveform inversion method based on local storage strategy. Chin. J. Geophys. 67(6), 2388\u20132401 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6038\/cjg2023R0441","journal-title":"Chin. J. Geophys."},{"issue":"3","key":"1029_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggae129","volume":"237","author":"X Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Curtis, A.: Bayesian variational time-lapse full waveform inversion. Geophys. J. Int. 237(3), 1624\u20131638 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gji\/ggae129","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"1029_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggab332","volume":"228","author":"HS Aghamiry","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aghamiry, H.S., Gholami, A., Operto, S., Malcolm, A.: ADMM-based full-waveform inversion for microseismic imaging. Geophys. J. Int. 228(1), 259\u2013274 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gji\/ggab332","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"1029_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggx087","volume":"209","author":"C Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang, C., Dong, L.G., Liu, Y.Z., Yang, J.Z.: Acoustic wave-equation based full-waveform microseismic source location using improved scattering-integral approach. Geophys. J. Int. 209(3), 1476\u20131488 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gji\/ggx087","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"1029_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R413","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2017-0557.1","volume":"83","author":"J Kaderli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaderli, J., McChesney, M.D., Minkoff, S.E.: A self-adjoint velocity-stress full-waveform inversion approach to microseismic source estimation. Geophysics 83(5), R413\u2013R427 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/geo2017-0557.1","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"issue":"11","key":"1029_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4664","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2019.2946903","volume":"12","author":"C Song","year":"2019","unstructured":"Song, C., Alkhalifah, T.: Microseismic event estimation based on an efficient wavefield inversion. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens. 12(11), 4664\u20134671 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSTARS.2019.2946903","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens."},{"key":"1029_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2024.3424502","volume":"62","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Dong, H., Song, L.: Stugan: an integrated Swin transformer-based generative adversarial networks for seismic data reconstruction and denoising. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 62, 1\u201315 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TGRS.2024.3424502","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"1029_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2023.3339783","volume":"62","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Meng, D., Zhou, Y., Song, L., Dong, H.: Seismic velocity inversion based on physically constrained neural networks. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 62, 1\u201317 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TGRS.2023.3339783","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"issue":"2","key":"1029_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1700578","volume":"4","author":"T Perol","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perol, T., Gharbi, M., Denolle, M.: Convolutional neural network for earthquake detection and location. Sci. Adv. 4(2), e1700578 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.1700578","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"1029_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2021.3120546","volume":"60","author":"H Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, H., Alkhalifah, T., Waheed, U., Birnie, C.: Data-driven microseismic event localization: an application to the Oklahoma Arkoma Basin hydraulic fracturing data. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 60, 1\u201312 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TGRS.2021.3120546","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"issue":"19","key":"1029_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21196627","volume":"21","author":"D Wamriew","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wamriew, D., Pevzner, R., Maltsev, E., Pissarenko, D.: Deep neural networks for detection and location of microseismic events and velocity model inversion from microseismic data acquired by distributed acoustic sensing array. Sensors 21(19), 6627 (2021)","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"2","key":"1029_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrmge.2023.05.012","volume":"16","author":"Y Di","year":"2023","unstructured":"Di, Y., Wang, E.Y., Li, Z.H., Liu, X.F., Huang, T., Yao, J.: Predicting microseismic, acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation data using neural networks. J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng. 16(2), 616\u2013629 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jrmge.2023.05.012","journal-title":"J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"1029_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmst.2024.01.003","volume":"34","author":"AY Xie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xie, A.Y., Li, B.Q.: Transfer learning framework for multi-scale crack type classification with sparse microseismic networks. Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol. 34(2), 167\u2013178 (2024)","journal-title":"Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"1029_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2022.3143120","volume":"60","author":"H Lv","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lv, H., Zeng, X., Bao, F., Lin, R., Song, Z., Zhang, Z.: ADE-Net: a deep neural network for DAS earthquake detection trained with a limited number of positive samples. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 60, 1\u201311 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TGRS.2022.3143120","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"issue":"2","key":"1029_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"KS33","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2020-0868.1","volume":"87","author":"NA Vinard","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vinard, N.A., Drijkoningen, G.G., Verschuur, D.J.: Localizing microseismic events on field data using a U-net-based convolutional neural network trained on synthetic data. Geophysics 87(2), KS33\u2013KS43 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/geo2020-0868.1","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"issue":"6","key":"1029_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"KS109","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2020-0636.1","volume":"86","author":"HC Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, H.C., Alkhalifah, T.: Direct microseismic event location and characterization from passive seismic data using convolutional neural networks. Geophysics 86(6), KS109\u2013KS121 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/geo2020-0636.1","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"key":"1029_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/segam2015-5867154.1","author":"J Kaderli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaderli, J., McChesney, M.D., Minkoff, S.E.: Microseismic event estimation in noisy data via full waveform inversion. SEG Tech. Progr. Expanded Abstr. (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/segam2015-5867154.1","journal-title":"SEG Tech. Progr. Expanded Abstr."},{"key":"1029_CR31","unstructured":"Aki, K., Richards, P.G.: Introduction. In: Quantitative Seismology, 2nd ed. University Science Books (2002)"},{"issue":"8","key":"1029_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1441754","volume":"49","author":"A Tarantola","year":"1984","unstructured":"Tarantola, A.: Inversion of seismic reflection data in the acoustic approximation. Geophysics 49(8), 1259\u20131266 (1984). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/1.1441754","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"issue":"2","key":"1029_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R87","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2019-0138.1","volume":"85","author":"J Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun, J., Niu, Z., Kristopher, A., Li, J., Daniel, O.: A theory-guided deep-learning formulation and optimization of seismic waveform inversion. Geophysics 85(2), R87\u2013R99 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/geo2019-0138.1","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"issue":"2","key":"1029_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"KS1","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2017-0822.1","volume":"84","author":"B Shekar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shekar, B., Sethi, H.: Full-waveform inversion for microseismic events using sparsity constraints. Geophysics 84(2), KS1\u2013KS12 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/geo2017-0822.1","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"issue":"1","key":"1029_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggy415","volume":"216","author":"S Sharan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sharan, S., Wang, R., Herrmann, F.: Fast sparsity-promoting microseismic source estimation. Geophys. J. Int. 216(1), 164\u2013181 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gji\/ggy415","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44196-025-01029-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44196-025-01029-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44196-025-01029-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T13:26:29Z","timestamp":1763385989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44196-025-01029-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1029"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44196-025-01029-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1875-6883"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1875-6883","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}}],"article-number":"294"}}